- •Фгоу впо «Кубанский государственный аграрный университет»
- •Contents
- •Unit 2 Animals Kingdom Unit 3 People and Nature
- •Introduction
- •Unit 1 Plants Kingdom
- •Warm up
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •1. Give the Russian equivalents to the following words:
- •3. Translate the following word combinations:
- •4. Match a word from list a with its definition in list b.
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •Reading for Speaking and Discussing
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the sentences in which the predicate is:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms. Translate the sentences.
- •5. Finish the sentences using the text.
- •6. Translate.
- •7. Summarize the text “Plants”. Use the following beginnings:
- •8. Work in pairs. Discuss the facts from the text. Use the following expressions:
- •Reading for Understanding
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •3. Select the statement that best expresses the main idea of the text.
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •5. Retell the text.
- •Speaking
- •Unit 2 Animals Kingdom
- •Warm up
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •1. Give the Russian equivalents to the following words:
- •2. Guess the meaning of the underlined words. Translate the sentences.
- •3. Translate the following word combinations:
- •4. Match a word from list a with its definition in list b.
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •Reading for Speaking and Discussing
- •People and Animals
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the sentences in which the predicate is:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •7. Summarize the text “People and Animals”. Use the following beginnings:
- •Reading for Understanding
- •1. Read the text and choose the headline.
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •9. Find some interesting information about animals on the Internet. Retell it. Reading for Translating Tigers Return to India
- •Speaking
- •Unit 3 People and Nature
- •Warm up
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •Reading for Speaking and Discussing
- •People and Nature
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the sentences where the predicate is:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •7. Summarize the text “People and Nature”. Use the following beginnings:
- •Reading for Understanding
- •1. Read the text and choose the headline:
- •A Mystery of Nature
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •Speaking
- •Part II
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •Interrelate, prominence, coined, ecology, applied, interaction, gained, highlighted, environment, goals
- •Reading for Speaking and Discussing
- •Ecology as a Science
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •6. What are the subjects of the following sciences?
- •8. Summarize the text “Ecology as a Science”. Use the following beginnings:
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •Unit 2 Biosphere
- •Warm up
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •1.Give the Russian equivalents to the following words:
- •5.Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •Reading for Speaking and Discussing
- •Biosphere
- •Evolution
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the sentences with:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •6. Complete the definitions.
- •8. Summarize the text “Biosphere”. Use the following beginnings:
- •9. Work in pairs. Discuss the facts from the text. Use the following expressions:
- •Reading for Understanding
- •1. Read the text and choose the headline.
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •6. What other migrating animals do you know? Where do they migrate and why?
- •Is migration one of the ways of survival? Find the information on the Internet and retell it. Reading for Translating Biosphere Cycles
- •Speaking
- •Unit 3 Ecosystem
- •Warm up
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •Reading for Speaking and Discussing
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the sentences with:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •6. Complete the definitions.
- •8. Summarize the text “Ecosystem”. Use the following beginnings:
- •Reading for Understanding
- •Ecosystems. Biomes. Habitats
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •7. Find the information about an endangered species on the Internet. Retell it. Use the following questions as a plan:
- •Reading for Translating
- •Speaking
- •Warm up
- •What is a nature (natural) reserve?
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •Reading for Speaking and Discussing
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the sentences with:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •6. Complete the definitions.
- •8. Summarize the text “Protected Areas”. Use the following beginnings:
- •Reading for Understanding
- •Yellowstone National Park
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •6. Find the information about a world national park or reserve on the Internet. Retell it. Use the following questions as a plan:
- •Reading for Translating
- •Unit 1 Climate Change
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the complex sentences with:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •6. Complete the definitions.
- •7. Complete the sentences below with the appropriate words.
- •9. Summarize the text “Climate Changes”. Use the following beginnings:
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •It should be mentioned, double, waste, fisheries, results in, population, depletion, challenge
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the sentences with:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •7. Summarize the text “Population and the Environment”. Use the following beginnings:
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •6. Find on the Internet the information about the demographic situation in Russia. Retell it.
- •The interview of a correspondent of “Time” with Rwandan President Paul Kagame (extract)
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the sentences with:
- •7. Summarize the text “Traffic and Air Pollution”. Use the following beginnings:
- •At Home
- •Buy Smart
- •Drive Wise
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •6. Find on the Internet the information about the air pollution in Russia and in your region. Retell it.
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the sentences with:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •7. Summarize the text “Acid Rain”. Use the following beginnings:
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •6. Find on the Internet the information about the problem of acid rain in Russia. Retell it.
- •Is Acid Rain Killing Off Wood Thrushes?
- •Unit 5 Water Pollution
- •Warm up
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •Reading for Speaking and Discussing
- •Water Pollution
- •1. Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the complex sentences with:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •7. Summarize the text “Water Pollution”. Use the following beginnings:
- •Reading for Understanding
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •4. Is it true or false? Correct the wrong statements.
- •6. Find on the Internet the information about Gulf of Mexico oil spill, 2010. Retell it. Reading for Translating
- •Speaking
- •Unit 6 Soil Pollution
- •Warm up
- •Vocabulary
- •Word Study
- •5. Place the appropriate word from the list in each of the blanks below:
- •Reading for Speaking and Discussing
- •Soil Pollution
- •1.Grammar Revision. Find in the text and translate the complex sentences with:
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Ask your partner some more questions on the text.
- •4. Substitute the words in bold type for their synonyms:
- •7. Summarize the text “Soil Pollution”. Use the following beginnings:
- •Reading for Understanding
- •Creek –ручей inhospitable –негостеприимный
- •Evaporate –испаряться trash -отбросы, мусор
- •2. Find in the text the equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •6. Find on the Internet the information about soil contamination in Russia. Retell it. Reading for Translating
- •Speaking
- •Great Need to Avoid Soil Pollution
- •2 Этап обучения
- •350044, Г. Краснодар, ул. Калинина, 13
Фгоу впо «Кубанский государственный аграрный университет»
И. И. Копейкина
A FEW GLIMPSES OF ECOLOGY:
ВЗГЛЯД НА ЭКОЛОГИЮ
Учебно-методическое пособие
по английскому языку
для бакалавров и специалистов экологического факультета
2 этап обучения
Краснодар
2011 г
УДК 803.0(075)
ББК 81.2
К55
Рецензенты:
О. Е. Павловская – доктор филологических наук, профессор
Т. С. Непшекуева – доктор филологических наук, профессор
Копейкина И. И.
К55 A Few Glimpses of Ecology: Взгляд на экологию: учебно-методическое пособие по английскому языку для бакалавров и специалистов экологического факультета 2 этап обучения / И. И. Копейкина. –
Краснодар, 2011. – 133 с.
Данное учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для работы в группах бакалавров и специалистов 2 курса экологического факультета и состоит из 14 уроков и комплекса упражнений, которые направлены на совершенствование навыков устной речи, чтения и перевода.
УДК 803.0(075)
ББК 81.2
Печатается по решению методической комиссии агрономического факультета и факультета экологии
Копейкина И. И., 2011
ФГОУ ВПО. «Кубанский
государственный аграрный
университет», 2011
Contents
INTRODUCTION
PART I THE EARTH IS OUR HOME
Unit 1 Plants Kingdom
Unit 2 Animals Kingdom Unit 3 People and Nature
PART II ECOLOGY
Unit 1 Ecology as a Science
Unit 2 Biosphere
Unit 3 Ecosystem
Unit 4 Protected Areas
PART III ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND PROTECTION
Unit 1 Climate Change
Unit 2 Population and the Environment
Unit 3 Traffic and Air Pollution
Unit 4 Acid Rain
Unit 5 Water Pollution
Unit 6 Soil Pollution
Unit 7 Environmental Organizations
APPENDIX
ANIMAL COLLECTIVES
NAMES OF YOUNG ANIMALS
ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND DOCUMENTS
ECO VOCABULARY
ABBREVIATIONS
Introduction
Ecology is a very popular word today. But what does it mean? One of the definitions is: “Ecology is a branch of science which treats the world of nature – including its human component – at certain levels of biological organization.” But … what is Nature?
The word nature is over 5000 years old but it has only been used in the English language for 700 years. Since 1300, the word “nature” has been used in the English language to mean “essential qualities and innate disposition” as well as the “creative power in the material world”.
Nature most commonly refers to the "natural environment", the Earth's environment or wilderness— including geology, forests, oceans, rivers, beaches, the atmosphere, life, and in general geographic areas that have not been substantially altered by humans. This traditional concept of "nature" implies a distinction between natural and man-made, artificial elements of the Earth.
Beauty in nature has historically been a major theme in art and books, filling large sections of libraries and bookstores. That nature has been depicted and celebrated by so much art, photography, poetry and other literature shows the strength with which many people associate nature and beauty.
British artist John Constable and later Russian artists Ivan Shishkin and Ivan Aivasovsky turned their attention to capturing the beauty of the natural world in their paintings.
Wordsworth’s, Longfellow’s poetry described the wonder of the natural world, which had formerly been viewed as a threatening place.
1. Read the poem and learn it by heart.
NATURE IS WHAT WE SEE
by
Emily Dickinson
Nature is what we see,
The hill, the afternoon,
Squirrel, eclipse, the bumblebee,
Nay, Nature is Heaven.
Nature is what we hear,
The bobolink, the sea,
Thunder, the cricket
Nay, Nature is Harmony.
Nature is what we know
But have no art to say,
So impotent our wisdom is
To Her simplicity.
2. Do the quiz and find out what you know about nature.
Quiz
What do you know about nature?
Choose the right answer:
What language was the term “nature” derived from?
Greek
Russian
Latin
What is the position of the Earth relative to the Sun?
It is the fifth nearest to the Sun
It is the first nearest to the Sun
It is the third nearest to the Sun
What is the largest fresh-water lake in the World?
Lake Baikal
Lake Superior
Sea of Galilee
What is a biome?
classification of globally similar areas
a cell
classification of animals
What do pandas eat?
eucalyptus leaves
bamboo
insects
What is the highest tree on the Earth?
platan
sequoia
oak
What is the world’s oldest tree?
Norway spruce
Bristlecone pine
Siberian cedar
What forests are the most important for the life on Earth?
leaf-bearing forests
coniferous forests
rainforests
What is a primary site of photosynthesis in most plants?
the leaf
the root
the stem
What does the word “ecology” mean?
house + study of
house + live in
house + build of
Who was the first to coin the term “ecology”?
Jean Batiste Lamarck
James Hutton
Ernst Haeckel
What does the term “ecosystem” mean?
physical components of the environment
biological components of the environment
both physical and biological components of the environment
3. Read and translate the quotes about Nature:
- Man's heart away from nature becomes hard. ~Standing Bear
- I love to think of nature as an unlimited broadcasting station, through which God speaks to us every hour, if we will only tune in. ~George Washington Carver
- Look at the trees, look at the birds, look at the clouds, look at the stars... and if you have eyes you will be able to see that the whole existence is joyful. Everything is simply happy. Trees are happy for no reason; they are not going to become prime ministers or presidents and they are not going to become rich and they will never have any bank balance. Look at the flowers - for no reason. It is simply unbelievable how happy flowers are. ~Osho
- Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better. ~Albert Einstein
PART I
THE EARTH IS OUR HOME