Вопросы по теме: «Petroleum engineering»

1. What is petroleum?

Petroleum is a very complex mixture of hydrocarbons.

2. What compounds does it contain?

Petroleum contains paraffin hydrocarbons and asphaltic materials. It has compounds that contain oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen.

3. What is crude oil?

Crude oil is the oil that is not refined.

4. When does crude oil find practical application?

Crude oil finds practical application when it is separated into fraction.

5. What is called refining?

The process of making crude oil into articles of commerce is called refining.

6. What do we get by the process of refining?

By the process of refining we get petrol, paraffines and a lot of other products from crude oil.

7. Where is oil used?

Oil is used in the production of fuel, lubricants, synthetic materials, plastics and other products.

8. What is the most important fuel after oil?

The most important fuel after oil is natural gas.

9. Where is gas used?

Gas is used as a fuel in the home and as a raw material for the production of different products.

10. How is gas from the Orenburg gas condensate field characterized?

Gas from the Orenburg gas condensate field is characterized by the presence of condensate, hydrogen sulfide and helium.

11. Why is it a valuable raw material for processing?

By its composition it is a valuable raw material for processing.

12. Where is liquefied gas used?

The liquefied gas is used as a fuel for urban needs and for industrial purposes.

13. What is produced by the way of deep refrigeration of natural gas?

Gaseous helium is produced by the way of deep refrigeration of natural gas.

14. Where is gaseous helium used?

Gaseous helium is used for welding of active metal mixtures, cooling of nuclear reactions, making respiration mixtures. It is also used in rocket and space technology, laser technology and cryogenic engineering.

15. What is stable gas condensate?

The stable gas condensate is a mixture of hydrocarbons of methane, naphtene and aromatic series.

16. What does stable gas condensate represent?

The stable gas condensate represents an initial raw material for producing high quality motor petrol, diesel fuel and other products of oil processing.

17. What is the wide fraction of light hydrocarbons?

The wide fraction of light hydrocarbons is a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons of methane series produced during separation of natural gas.

18. Where is the wide fraction of light hydrocarbons used?

The wide fraction of light hydrocarbons is used as a raw material for fractionation plants, oil and gas processing and petroleum chemistry enterprise. It is also used for production of motor fuel and products of petro-organic synthesis.

19. What does propane-butane-pentane fraction represent?

Propane-butane-pentane fraction represents the mixture of propane, isobutane and normal butane.

20. How is propane-butane-pentane fraction obtained?

The propane-butane-pentane fraction is obtained during separation of natural gases.

21. Where is the propane-butane-pentane fraction used?

The propane-butane-pentane fraction is used as a raw material for oil and gas refineries and for production of motor fuel and products of petro-organic synthesis.

22. What do the natural gases contain?

The natural gases contain mainly methane with small impurity of ethane, propane, butane, pentane and also nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide.

(impurity – примесь, carbon dioxide – углекислый газ)

23. What group are the natural gases referred to?

The natural gases are referred to group of lean gases.

(lean gases – тощий газ)

24. What group are the associated gases referred to?

The associated gases or the passing gases are referred to fat gases.

(passing gas – попутный газ, fat gas – жирный газ)

25. What is received from the associated gases?

The following hydrocarbon fractions are received from the associated gases: ethane, propane, isobutene, butane, isopentane and pentane.

26. How is stable gas condensate received?

The stable gas condensate is received from the crude condensate by its degassing.

(degassing – дегазация, откачка)

27. What is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)?

The liquefied petroleum gas is a mixture of commercial propane and commercial butane.

28. What is petroleum product extracted from natural gas?

Natural gasoline is petroleum product extracted from natural gas.

29. Why is ethane in growing demand?

Ethane is in growing demand as a base for the manufacture of plastics, alcohols and other chemicals.

30. What is an important part of the production process?

Natural gas processing is an important part of the production process.