10. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What has nature given to the Orenburg region?

2. Who was the pioneer of the Soviet oil geology?

3. What did he initiate?

4. What did the ministry of gas industry produce in 1968?

5. When was the Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg" established?

6. What was begun in 1974?

7. What does gas from the Orenburg gas condensate field contain?

8. It is a valuable raw material for processing, is not it?

9. What did the Enterprise begin in 1984?

10. What does the Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg" represent?

11. Перескажите текст, используя следующие разговорные формулы:

The subject of the text is…

The text deals with…

It is pointed out that…

To sum it up…

Сообщение на тему: “Oil and Gas”

Oil and gas are the most important mineral fuels. Petroleum is the name of а mineral oil. Oil comes from under the ground. Crude oil is the oil that is not refined. Oil is prоduсеd by oilmen in many countries of the world.

By the process оf refining we get petrol, paraffins and other products from crude oil. Oil is used in the production of fuel, lubricants, synthetic materials, plastics and other products.

The most important fuel after oil is natural gas. Gas is produced by gasmen in many countries of the world. Gas is used as а fuel in the home and as а raw material for the production of different products.

The products from oil and gas are piped to many countries. We have many deposits of oil and gas in our countries. The Orenburg region is one of Russia's leading producers of oil and gas. The exploration and development of' oil and gas fields is very important for the economy of our country.

Words and word combinations

fuel – топливо

crude oil – сырая нефть

to rеfinе – очищать

refining– очистка

toproduce– производить, добывать

oilmen– нефтяник

petrol– бензин

products– продукты

production– производство, добыча

lubricants– смазочные вещества

ground – земля

leading – ведущий

raw material – сырье

topipe– перекачивать по трубам

deposit– месторождение

natural gas – природный газ

important – важный

producer – производитель

exploration – разведка

development – разработка

oil field – нефтяное месторождение

gas field – газовое месторождение

Lesson Fourteen (The Fourteenth Lesson)

1. Text “The Enterprise “Gasprom production Orenburg”” (continued). 2. Words and word combinations. 3. Grammar: Revision 4. Grammar and lexical exercises. 5. Сообщение на тему: "The Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg".

Text “The Enterprise “Gasprom production Orenburg”” (continued).

The Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg" produces liquefied gases of the following brands: technical propane (ПТ), technical butane and propane mixture (СПБТ), propane for gas-engine vehicles (ПА), propane-butane for gas-engine vehicles (ПБА); stable gas condensate, wide fraction of light hydrocarbons, propane-butane-pentane fraction.

Liquefied gases of brands СПБТ and ПТ are used as a fuel for urban needs and for industrial purposes. Liquefied gases of brands ПА and ПБА are usually used as a motor fuel for ground vehicles.

The delivery of liquefied gases is carried out by rail and vehicle transportation tanks.

Gaseous helium is produced by the way of deep refrigeration of cleaned helium-bearing natural gas from the Orenburg gas condensate field with subsequent cleaning.

Gaseous helium is used on a large scale for welding of active metals mixtures, cooling of nuclear reactors, making respiration mixtures; it is also used in rocket and space technology, laser technology and cryogenic engineering.

Stable gas condensate is a mixture of hydrocarbons of methane, naphtene and aromatic series. Feedstock is an unstable gas condensate from the Orenburg gas condensate field.

Stable gas condensate produced at the Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg" represents an initial raw material for producing high quality motor petrol, diesel fuel and other products of oil processing.

The wide fraction of light hydrocarbons is a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons of methane series produced during separation of natural gas. It is used as a raw material for fractionation plants, oil and gas processing and petroleum chemistry enterprise, for production of motor fuel and products of petro-organic synthesis. The wide fraction of light hydrocarbons produced by the Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg" is a valuable product which is used for production of motor fuel and products of petro-organic synthesis.

Propane-butane-pentane fraction represents the mixture of propane, isobutane and normal butane which is obtained during separation of natural gases. It is used as a raw material for pyrolysis plants and gas fractionation at petroleum and gas refineries and petroleum chemistry works. Propane-butane-pentane fraction produced by the Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg" is a valuable product which is used for production of motor fuel and products of petro-organic synthesis.