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Файл:Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности (английский язык)
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Academic Master’s
Master of Arts, MA British English; also M.A. American English – Master
of Arts – a university degree in a subject such as history, languages, or English
literature that you can get after your first degree (Bachelor) (Магистр искусств, присуждается в гуманитарных областях знания)
Master of Science, M.Sc. American English also MSc British English –
Master of Science – a university degree in a science subject that you can get
after your first degree (Bachelor) (Магистр наук, присуждается в точных
и естественных науках)
Master of Engineering, MEng Магистр технических наук
Professional Master’s (для специалистов с опытом работы)
Master of Education, MEd British English; also M.Ed. American English –
Master of Education – a university degree in teaching that you can get after
your first degree (Магистр преподавания, присуждается в области методики преподавания)
Master by Research (MPhil), which is distinct from an MRes, allows you
to focus on a particular topic in depth and independently. You will be expected
to work on a thesis title, using research techniques to develop a single large
project, whether practical or a dissertation. This is often seen as the precursor
to a PhD (Магистр научных исследований)
Master of Business Administration, MBA British English also M.B.A.
American English (Магистр делового администрирования, для специали-
стов с опытом работы от двух лет)
Legum Magister, Master of Laws, LLM British English also L.L.M.
American English – Legum Magister (Master of Laws), (Магистр права)
PhD British English Ph.D. also American English – Doctor of Philosophy – a
degree of a very high level, which involves doing advanced research (Кандидат
или Доктор наук, присуждается за проведение исследований на высоком
уровне в области наук)
What does a Master’s Degree involve?
In order to successfully obtain a master’s qualification, you will need to
gain a number of credits by passing individual modules. Most taught masters
will have a number of core modules which you must take and pass in order to
gain the qualification.
The assessment of research masters is almost always entirely by a single
dissertation module or project.
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Taught masters normally take one year to complete full time or two years
part time. Research masters often last a little longer, taking one to two years
full time and two to four years part time.
http://www.prospects.ac.uk/postgraduate_qualifications_masters.htm
Vocabulary
an opportunity – удобный случай, стечение обстоятельств, благопри-
ятная возможность syn. occasion, chance, opening, break
particular – отдельный; определённый; конкретный, индивидуаль-
ный, отдельный, syn. certain, specific, individual, single, separate
undergraduate studies – получение высшего образования, обучение
в вузе
an undergraduate student – студент вуза
a graduate – выпускник вуза
in depth – исчерпывающий, доскональный, тщательный, всесторон-
ний syn. deep, profound, detailed
a practical – практикум, занятие или экзамен по предмету, на котором
знания проверяются на практике; e. g. a chemistry practical
involve – включать в себя, вовлекать, привлекать к участию
available – доступный; имеющийся в распоряжении, наличный syn.
accessible, obtainable
a divinity – богословие, теология syn. theology
full time – дневная (очная) форма обучения, полный рабочий день
part time – вечерняя форма обучения, неполный рабочий день (пол-
ставки)
distance learning – дистанционное (заочное) обучение syn. distance
education, dlearning or D-Learning, remote education
a precursor – предшественник; предтеча, предвестник syn. predecessor,
forerunner; e. g. the Precursor – Предтеча, Иоанн Креститель
obtain – получать; добывать; приобретать, достигать syn. get, earn,
profit, gain, secure
gain – получать, добывать, приобретать, зарабатывать
assess – оценивать, давать оценку syn. determine the value, appraise,
estimate, evaluate
entirely – вполне, всецело, полностью, совершенно, совсем syn. com-
pletely, totally, absolutely, fully, wholly, utterly
core – основной, центральный syn. essential, central, basic, fundamental
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Task 1.4 Replace the words with their synonyms.
1. The information is obtainable to anyone.
2. Your task is to provide a detailed analysis of the problem.
3. The basic subjects are English, Maths, and Science.
4. The report evaluated the impact of advertising on children.
5. Most students choose one specific area for research.
6. Running your own business usually entails working long hours.
7. I was eager to snatch at every chance to get myself established as a writer,
film-maker, what-have-you.
8. He is completely reliable.
9. Gutenberg’s press is the predecessor of the modern printing equipment.
10. This enabled me to get an overall impression of the school.
Task 1.5 Insert the correct term from the text above.
1. Are you _____________ for a meeting tomorrow?
2. In this particular case, no one else was _____________.
3. The schedule shows who will do the job on a _____________ day.
4. Many LLMs can be studied either _____________ or _____________.
5. He’s a _____________ in publishing.
6. The _____________ course normally lasts three or four years.
7. I hope I will have the _____________ of seeing you here often.
8. _____________ _____________ is a mode of education delivered to
students who are not present in a traditional setting such as a classroom.
9. A good salesperson has an _____________ understanding of the needs
of the customer and market.
10. Basically, it takes one or two years to _____________ a master’s degree.
Translating and Speaking
Task 1.6 Render the text from Russian into English about the history of
master’s degree in Russia.
Слово «магистр» – латинского происхождения, оно означает «наставник», «учитель», «руководитель». В Древнем Риме (Ancient Rome)
слово «магистр» означало важное должностное лицо. В Византии (the
Byzantine Empire) «магистр» – это высший титул служебной знати (nobility). В средние века «магистр» – это особое звание, которое носил
учитель «семи свободных искусств». В настоящее время «магистр» – это
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промежуточная (intermediate) учёная степень между бакалавром и доктором наук.
В России ученая степень магистра наряду с учёными степенями кандидата и доктора наук была введена указом Александра I в январе 1803
года. В 1884 году ученая степень кандидата наук была отменена, и с этого
времени в России присуждались только две ученые степени – магистра
и доктора наук. Присуждение ученой степени магистра осуществлялось
после сдачи магистерского экзамена и защиты диссертации (dissertation
defence/opponency) на собрании университетского факультета.
После революции 1917 года Декретом Совнаркома РСФСР (The
Council of People’s Commissars Decree) существовавшие к этому времени
учёные степени (academic degrees) были отменены. В 1934 году были
восстановлены ученые степени кандидата и доктора наук. И только
в 1993 году после присоединения России к Болонскому процессу (the
Bologna Declaration) степень магистра была введена как квалификация
выпускников образовательных учреждений высшего профессионального образования между степенями бакалавра и кандидата наук.
Cрок программы подготовки магистра при очной форме обучения –
2 года. Однако предварительно студент должен освоить программу подготовки бакалавра (4 года) или специалиста (5 лет). Квалификация присваивается по результатам защиты магистерской диссертации (Master’s
dissertation defense) на заседании Государственной аттестационной комиссии (State Certification Board meeting) и даёт право поступления в
аспирантуру.
Speaking
Task 1.7 Compare the peculiarities of master’s degree system in the UK
and the Russian Federation in terms of titles, time and position. Remember
to start with the introduction, capturing the interest of the listeners and finish
with the conclusion, presenting the results of your talk or recommendations.
Discussion
Task 1.8 Read the statements and discuss whether they are true or false.
Surf the Web to check.
1. The Bologna Declaration is a pledge by 39 countries to reform the
structures of their higher education systems in a convergent way.
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2. The Declaration is a key document in the development of European
higher education.
3. The Bologna process aims at standardization or uniformization of
European higher education.
4. The Declaration reflects common internal and external challenges
related to the growth and diversification of higher education, the employability
of graduates, the shortage of skills in key areas, the expansion of private and
transnational education, etc.
5. Its aim is to enhance the employability and mobility of citizens and to
increase the international competitiveness of European higher education.
6. The deadline for the European space for higher education to be
completed is 2024.
7. The Declaration requires the introduction of undergraduate and
postgraduate levels, with first degrees no shorter than 4 years and relevant to
the labour market.
8. It stresses the need for European higher education to become more
attractive to students from other world regions.
9. The signatory countries committed to intergovernmental cooperation in
collaboration with higher education institutions and associations.
10. The Declaration eliminates the fundamental values and the diversity
of European higher education, the necessary independence and autonomy of
universities.
Task 1.9 Compare the shared descriptors from the Joint declaration of the
European Ministers of Education convened in Bologna on the 19th of June
1999 for Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees and underline the differences.
Bachelor’s Degrees
are awarded to students who
have demonstrated knowledge and
understanding in a field of study that
builds upon and supersedes their general secondary education, and is typically at a level that, whilst supported
by advanced textbooks, includes some
aspects that will be informed by knowledge of the forefront of their field of
study
Master’s Degrees
are awarded to students who
have demonstrated knowledge and understanding that is founded upon and
extends and/or enhances that typically
associated with Bachelor’s level, and
that provides a basis or opportunity for
originality in developing and/or applying ideas, often within a research
context
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can apply their knowledge and understanding in a manner that indicates a
professional approach to their work or
vocation, and have competences demonstrated through devising and sustaining arguments and solving problems
within their field of study
have the ability to gather and interpret
relevant data (usually within their field
of study) to inform judgements that
include reflection on relevant social,
scientific or ethical issues
can communicate information, ideas,
problems and solutions to both specialist and non-specialist audiences
have developed those learning skills
that are necessary for them to continue
to undertake further study with a high
degree of autonomy
can apply their knowledge and
understanding, and problemsolving abilities in new or unfamiliar
environments within broader (or
multidisciplinary) contexts related to
their field of study
have the ability to integrate knowledge
and handle complexity, and formulate
judgements with incomplete or limited
information, but that include reflecting on social and ethical responsibilities linked to the application of their
knowledge and judgements
can communicate their conclusions,
and the knowledge and rationale
underpinning these, to specialist and
non-specialist audiences clearly and
unambiguously
have the learning skills to allow them to
continue to study in a manner that may
be largely self-directed or autonomous
Vocabulary for Speaking
curriculum (plural curricula/curriculums) – учебный план университет-
ского курса
syllabus (plural syllabi/syllabuses) – учебная программа дисциплины/
предмета
subject – изучаемый предмет
major – профилирующая дисциплина (предмет); основная специ-
альность
post-graduate student – аспирант
post-graduate education – последипломное образование; аспирантура
core courses – основные курсы; базовые учебные дисциплины
elective – факультативная дисциплина
hands-on learning – практическое обучение; приобретение практи-
ческих навыков
cutting-edge courses – самые современные курсы
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apprentice – ученик, новичок, обучающийся специальности на рабочем месте
apprentice training – профессионально-техническое обучение
apprenticeship – обучение без отрыва от производства, обучение на
рабочем месте
learn on the job – обучаться без отрыва от производства, на рабочем
месте
intern – стажёр, практикант, интерн
internship – стажировка, интернатура (после получения диплома)
work placement – производственная практика (во время обучения в
вузе)
master’s thesis [‘θi:sɪs] pl theses [‘θi:sɪz] – магистерская диссертация
PhD thesis [‘θi:sɪs] pl theses [‘θi:sɪz] – докторская диссертация
paper syn treatise [‘tri:tɪs] – научная статья, научный доклад
abstract (a concise summary found at the beginning of a research article,
containing the research purpose, method, results, conclusion and recommendations) – аннотация в начале научной статьи, реферат в патенте, тезисы
научной статьи
summary (a brief statement or account of the main points of a longer work) –
резюме, краткое содержание, сжатое изложение, подведение итогов,
главные идеи, выкладка соображений, укороченная версия; может
стоять в начале или конце английского текста, выполняя роль заключения (conclusion)
annotation (a short explanation or note added to a text or image) – коммен-
тарий, примечание, пояснение
précis [ˈpreɪsɪ] pl précis [ˈpreɪsiz] (a short form of a text that gives only the
important parts) – резюме, конспект, краткое изложение
synopsis [sɪ’nɔpsɪs] pl. synopses (a short description of the contents) резюме;
конспект; краткий обзор; синопсис; реферат, автореферат (The terms
précis or synopsis are used in some publications to refer to the same thing that
other publications might call an “abstract”. However, synopses are generally more
discursive and longer than abstracts, which note only the key points or findings)
to major in – специализироваться в определенной профессиональной
области
to graduate from – окончить высшее учебное заведение и получить
степень/диплом
to be educated at… – получить образование в… (название учебного
заведения)
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to attend lectures … – посещать лекции …
to take exams – сдавать экзамены
to pass exams – сдать экзамены
to fail exams – не сдать экзамены
to read much (hard) for the exam – усиленно готовиться к экзамену
to read for the thesis – читать литературу для диссертации
to read/ present a paper – выступать с научным докладом
to do research in (into)… – проводить исследование в области…
to succeed in obtaining– успешно получить
to be particularly interested in… – проявлять особый интерес к …
to work under… – работать под руководством…
to be well-known (distinguished, prominent, outstanding, famous) – быть
известным (блистательным, выдающимся, знаменитым, прославленным)
to be at the head of (in charge of) – возглавлять
to hold seminars on – проводить семинары по
to give (deliver) lectures on – читать лекции по
to consider – считать, полагать, рассматривать
Speaking
Task 1.12 Study the vocabulary for speaking above and prepare to answer
the questions about yourself.
1. Role-play the interview for a post-graduate course applicant.
2. Then speak for two minutes as a monologue about your major and research
area.
1. What is your major?
2. What university are you going to graduate from?
3. What is your special subject? What is your university major? What are
you majoring in now?
4. Why have you chosen this major?
5. What subjects do you study for your major?
6. What is the topic/ subject of your course /master’s paper?
7. What subjects studied at the University are the most important for your
professional work?
8. What are your career choices? How do you intend to realize your career
potential?
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9. How are you going to develop your professional knowledge and skills
in the future?
10. Where did you get your previous (Bachelor) education?
11. What examinations have you already passed?
12. What is the field of your interests? Who encouraged your interest in
the problem?
13. What problems are you particularly interested in?
14. Have you been working at the problem long?
15. Who do you collaborate with?
16. Who is your scientific adviser?
17. Is he/she a distinguished scientist?
18. How often do you consult him/her? When do you consult your sci-
entific adviser?
19. Do you take part in scientific conferences?
20. Have you already got any articles published?
21. When did you start your research and when are you planning to finish it?
Writing
Task 1.12 Do market research and write an essay on MBA courses in
Russia (or in St. Petersburg) comparing advantages and disadvantages of each
programme. Which one would you choose and why?
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Module 2. AdVeRTISING ANd PuBlIC RelATIoNS ISSueS
Task 2.1 It can be difficult to decide the best way to advertise your product
or service. Newspapers and TV are advertising media (a medium is a way of
communicating your message; media is the irregular plural). Can you think
of other media and methods of advertising? Make a list in pairs. Play bingo1
as a group.
Task 2.2 Different media have their own advantages and disadvantages.
Make a list of three advantages and disadvantages for the following advertising
methods. Then give examples of each in your city.
billboards
television commercials
leaflets
online advertising
newspaper advertisements
sponsorship
point-of-sale posters
Task 2.3 Read these descriptions of advantages and disadvantages of
different media and guess which from the list above they match.
A. This medium of advertising can reach a large number of homes.
Consumers can take their time over the message so it can contain details
like phone numbers or website addresses. However, adverts here have a short
lifespan as most people throw them away after one day.
B. With this marketing technique, you can direct your message at the
people who are most likely to buy your product or service. You can focus on a
particular area of a city or on previous customers. However, it can be difficult
to get your audience’s attention as some people throw these away without even
looking at them.
C. It allows you to get your message across to a large number of people in
a short space of time with both visual images and sound. However, you have
to pay plenty of money for it.
1
All the lists finished, the students in turn read out their words, other students mark off their
lists. The pair with the biggest number left shouts ‘bingo!’ – and wins a prize.
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