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Файл:Грамматика английского языка готовимся к централизованному тестированию
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in Minsk в Минске
in the country (town) в стране (городе)
in the area в районе
in (on) a street на улице
in the square на площади
in the suburbs в пригороде
in the countryside в сельской местности
in the garden в саду
in the yard во дворе
in the woods (mountains) в лесу (горах)
in the eld в поле, в сфере (области)
in the sky в небе
in space в космосе
in the North (East) на севере (востоке)
in the British Isles на Британских островах
in the middle в центре
in the corner в углу
Запомните выражения с предлогом in:
in the sun на солнце
in the rain под дождем
in the (open) air на (открытом) воздухе
in the shade в тени
in the darkness в темноте
in the wild в дикой природе
in a picture (photograph) на картине (фотографии)
in the mirror в зеркале
in one’s place на чьем-л. месте
in the workplace на рабочем месте
in the news в центре внимания
in a row в ряду
in a line на линии
in the queue в очереди
in the distance вдали
Примечания:
Обратите внимание на употребление предлогов on, in, at в сле-
дующих словосочетаниях:
121
– She was standing at / on the corner of the street, looking around. –
Она стояла на углу улицы и смотрела по сторонам.
I took out my wallet and laid it on the corner of the table. – Я до-
стал кошелек и положил его на угол стола.
There’s a computer in the corner of the room. – В углу комнаты
стоит компьютер.
– I have a shady garden at the front / back of my house. – Перед / За
моим домом есть тенистый сад.
Place the return address in the top left hand corner on the front of
the envelope. – Напишите обратный адрес в левом верхнем углу
на лицевой стороне конверта.
Can a 2-year-old child sit in the front / back of the car? – Может
ли двухлетний ребенок сидеть на переднем / заднем сиденье
машины?
– You can shop at the market or place your order by phone or via
the Internet. – Вы можете сделать покупку на рынке или разме-
стить ваш заказ по телефону или через Интернет.
This is the best-selling product on the market. – Это самый прода-
ваемый товар на рынке (в продаже).
We are in the market for a used car. – Мы хотим купить поде-
ржанный автомобиль.
Is there a demand in the marketplace for IT professionals? – Есть
ли на рынке спрос на специалистов по информационным тех-
нологиям?
Обратите внимание на употребление предлогов для обозначения адреса:
at the above address – по вышеуказанному адресу
a house in (on) Oxford Street – дом на Оксфорд Стрит
a hotel on Park Avenue – отель на Парк Авеню
in (on) Fleet Street 4 – на улице Флит Стрит 4 (название улицы
перед номером дома)
at 4 Fleet Street – в доме № 4 по Флит Стрит (номер дома перед
названием улицы)
К предлогам места также относятся следующие предлоги:
Предлог Значение Примеры
(ант. below)
122
ABOVE
над, выше
the temperature above 10ºC
a mirror above the washbasin
Предлог Значение Примеры
OVER
(ант. under)
BELOW
UNDER
OPPOSITE
IN FRONT OF
BEFORE
AFTER
BEHIND
WITHIN
INSIDE
OUTSIDE
(A)ROUND
BETWEEN
AMONG
AGAINST
BY / NEXT TO /
BESIDE
NEAR
над, выше
под, ниже
под, ниже
напротив
перед
впереди, перед to be before sb in the queue
после, за
за, позади
в рамках,
в пределах
внутри
вне,
за пределами
вокруг
между
между, среди
о, к,
на фоне
у, около,
рядом
возле
a lamp over the table
a bridge over the river
below sea level
8ºC below zero
under the sofa
under water
the shop opposite the house
opposite each other
to sit in front of the TV
a car in front of us
to be after sb on the list
one after another
to stand behind sb
to close the door behind sb
within the city
within the law
a letter inside the envelope
inside the safe
outside the house
outside the town
to gather (a)round the table
to travel (a)round the country
between you and me
the distance between two towns
to be among friends
panic among the visitors
to lean against the wall
against the dark wall
by (beside) the river
to sit beside (next to, by) sb
near the entrance
the hotel near the station
I. Заполните пропуски предлогами at, on, in там, где это
необходимо:
1. … work
2. … the bus stop
3. … a day trip
4. … the fth oor
5. … the wild
6. … the sky
7. … sea
8. … the left
9. … the seaside
10. … a taxi
11. … Facebook
12. … the south-west
123
13. … a hotel
14. … a queue
15. … the crossroads
16. … the website
17. … the photo
18. … Earth
19. … the rain
20. … the menu
21. … the Net
22. … the party
23. … the news
24. … fog
25. … the way back
26. … second place
27. … the Black Sea coast
28. … the drawer
29. … the public eye
30. … the footpath
II. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
1. Along with money, time is one of the most valuable resources …
the planet.
a. in c. around
b. on d. at
2. The Queen Victoria Memorial is located … of Buckingham Palace.
a. opposite c. near
b. outside d. in front
3. They say that truth always lies … the bottom of a well.
a. at c. near
b. between d. in
4. At night the temperature can drop … 0°C.
a. over c. next to
b. below d. under
5. The worried look … her face broke my heart and I regretted telling
her the truth.
a. over c. in
b. at d. on
6. Delivery on purchases at our online store is free … the Minsk area.
a. at c. within
b. by d. inside
7. The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, which is the world’s lon-
gest bridge … water, is 48.3 km long.
a. over c. around
b. near d. below
8. The old saying goes, “Don’t put the cart … the horse.”
a. behind c. in front
b. after d. before
124
9. Millions of people … the world held a climate strike against global
warming.
a. around c. outside
b. among d. within
10. You’re wearing your wedding ring … the wrong nger. ~ I know.
I married the wrong man.
a. at c. on
b. in d. by
11. When you realise that banging your head … a brick wall actually
hurts, the best thing is to stop doing it.
a. beside c. against
b. inside d. above
12. The dierence … English and good English is usually the right
preposition.
a. among c. in
b. between d. before
13. The most important part of music study takes place … home, not
… the lesson.
a. – ; in c. in; on
b. on; – d. at; at
14. If a UV tattoo is done … a part of a person’s body, it will only be
visible … ultraviolet light.
a. in; below c. at; in
b. beside; at d. on; under
15. A range of topics in cosmology will be covered … the conference
by eminent scholars … the eld.
a. on; inside c. at; in
b. in; at d. within; by
16. Sharon accidentally knocked the TV remote … the couch and it
got stuck … its back and the wall.
a. around; under c. in front of; inside
b. behind; between d. opposite; among
17. In cities, motorists are not permitted to park … urban roads with
their wheels … pavements.
a. in; above c. at; on
b. on; in d. on; on
125
18. My husband doesn’t do much work … the house: in fact, he seems
to think he’s … that sort of thing.
a. in; above c. on; over
b. at; under d. around; below
19. It is not advisable to sleep with a mobile phone … your pillow or
… your head because of dangerous radiation.
a. behind; below c. under; next to
b. inside; near d. beside; in front of
20. Libby and Ale were sitting … each other … the kitchen table,
with a plate of cold fried chicken … them.
a. in front of; on; among c. before; under; near
b. opposite; at; between d. beside; in; around
III. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
Howard Carter was a British archaeologist who discovered the
tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun (1) (at / on / in) the Valley of the Kings
(2) (at / on / in) Egypt in 1922. (3) (At / On / In) the map of the Valley,
he had marked all already discovered tombs until he discovered a space.
(4) (At / On / In) the ground, there was a pile of stones and earth from
previous excavations. Some steps were uncovered, and (5) (at / on / in)
the bottom of the steps there was a door with the symbol of Tutankhamun (6) (at / on / in) it.
Carter immediately sent a telegram to Lord Carnarvon, a backer
for his tomb search, who was (7) (at / on / in) home (8) (at / on / in)
England, and waited anxiously for his arrival. When Carnarvon arrived
(9) (at / on / in) the excavation, Carter and his workers broke through
the door and found themselves (10) (at / on / in) the tomb. (11) (At /
On / In) that point they thought they had failed, because the tomb was
empty. Then Carter made a hole (12) (at / on / in) the door and leaned
in, holding a candle, to take a look. He saw that many of the treasures
were still (13) (at / on / in) place.
The tomb was intact and contained an amazing collection of treasures, including a stone sarcophagus in which there were three gold
coffins nested (14) (against / within / behind) each other. (15) (Inside /
Outside / Beside) the final one was the mummy of the boy-king, Pharaoh Tutankhamun.
126
IV. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
Not long ago, we read an article about house-swapping published
(1) (in / on / at) ‘The Parisian’ newspaper. (2) (In / On / At) the Internet,
we found a match (3) (in / on / at) our desired location, (4) (in / on /
at) central Canada. And in two weeks’ time, we swapped houses with
a Canadian family – the Hotnys. Phil Hotny works (5) (in / on / for)
computer software development; his wife Alice works (6) (in / on / at)
home as a freelancer. Their three children are (7) (in / on / at) school.
We made all the arrangements (8) (from / on / at) Skype. For a
week they stayed (9) (in / on / by) our house (10) (in / on / at) the south
of France, and we were (11) (in / on / by) their house (12) (in / on /
at) Canada which is located (13) (in / on / at) the small town of SaintNicolas, (14) (in / on / at) 17 Route des Rivieres. Saint-Nicolas is (15)
(in / on / at) the main road (16) (among / between / beside) Quebec
and Montreal. The house itself is (17) (in / on / around) a small lake.
Quebec, which is (18) (in / on / at) the middle of Canada, is (19) (in /
on / around) the St. Lawrence River and there are lots of mountains,
rivers and lakes (20) (in / on / at) the area.
The arrangement worked perfectly – it was the best ‘free’ holiday
we’ve ever had.
V. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа:
Radio Rest is (1) … the air. Here’s the news at 11 o’clock. There’s
a blanket of snow (2) … the northeast of Scotland. 20cm of snow has
fallen (3) … Aberdeen with more expected during the day.
All traffic is paralyzed and, as I look out of the studio window, I can
see that the street (4) … me is empty. I had to travel to work on foot this
morning, because my car was (5) … a two-metre snowdrift.
Dozens of road and rail links have been cut between the main towns
(6) … the region, and motorists have been advised to stay (7) … home.
Further heavy falls of snow are probable tonight in hilly areas (8) …
500m altitude.
Now, for some music. (9) … the pile of letters (10) … my mailbox
this morning, there’s one from Dave Hotwell who wants to hear an old
1980s hit song.
127
1. a. in
2. a. above
3. a. inside
4. a. below
5. a. over
6. a. behind
7. a. at
8. a. on top of
9. a. Between
10. a. outside
Предлоги направления движения
b. at
b. over
b. above
b. outside
b. below
b. in
b. on
b. after
b. Over
b. within
c. by
c. outside
c. in
c. under
c. on
c. at
c. in
c. above
c. Among
c. at
d. on
d. around
d. under
d. above
d. under
d. on
d. by
d. on
d. Under
d. in
К предлогам направления движения относятся следующие
предлоги:
Предлог Значение Примеры
TO
TOWARD(S)
ONTO
INTO
OUT OF
FROM
OFF
UP
DOWN
OVER
UNDER
ACROSS
THROUGH
в
по направлению к
на; в
внутрь
изнутри
с, из, от
c, от
(поверхности)
вверх to go up the stairs
вниз to walk down the street
над, поверх to climb over the wall
под to sail under the bridge
через
через
to go to school
a road to the shop
to walk toward(s) the lake
to lean toward(s) smb
to put the box onto the table
to toss smth onto the bed
to come into the room
to put into the box
to run out of the room
to look out of the window
to return from work
far from the city
to fall o the bike
to slip o the tongue
to swim across the river
to run across the road
to walk through the forest
to go through the door
128
Предлог Значение Примеры
AGAINST
ALONG
PAST мимо to go past smb
AWAY FROM
FROM
BEHIND
против to swim against the current
вдоль to cycle along the road
прочь, от to run away from home
из-за from behind the clouds
Обратите внимание на особенности употребления некото-
рых глаголов движения с предлогами:
to work – идти на работу
from work – идти с работы
home – идти домой
for a walk / a run – идти на прогулку / пробежку
by car, но: in a / the / one’s car – ехать на машине
by train (bus / tram / plane / air / rail / road / sea / tube), но:
GO
COME
GET
on a / the train (bus / tram / plane / tube)
on the boat – плыть на (большой) лодке
in the boat – плыть на (маленькой) лодке
on a visit (to) – идти в гости (к кому-либо)
on a trip / a tour / a cruise – ехать в путешествие
on business – ехать в командировку
on holiday, for one’s holidays, on vacation – ехать в отпуск
to somebody’s place – приходить к кому-л. домой
home – приходить домой
back home – возвращаться домой
back to work – возвращаться на работу
back from Paris – вернуться из Парижа
from London – приехать из Лондона, быть родом из Лондона
into the room – входить в комнату
to the station – добраться до вокзала
home – приходить домой
back from one’s holiday – вернуться из отпуска
on a bus – садиться в автобус
on a bicycle / a horse – садиться на велосипед / лошадь
o a tram – выходить из трамвая
o a bicycle / a horse – слезать с велосипеда / лошади
into a car – садиться в машину
into the house – входить в дом
out of a taxi – выходить из такси
out of town – уехать из города
129
ARRIVE
TRAVEL
LEAVE
DEPART
MOVE
TURN
RETURN
ENTER
REACH
APPROACH
in a city / a country – прибывать в город / страну
at the station / the oce – приезжать на вокзал / в офис
home – приезжать домой
to work – ездить на работу
to Italy – поехать в путешествие в Италию
abroad – путешествовать заграницу
across (= around) Europe / the world / the country – путеше-
ствовать по Европе / миру / стране
(all over) the world – объехать весь мир
by train / car / air – путешествовать на поезде / машине / са-
молете
by (tourist) bus – путешествовать на (туристическом) авто-
бусе
on a / the / any bus – путешествовать на автобусе
in a / the / one’s car – путешествовать на машине
on (= by) public transport – ездить на общественном транс-
порте
on foot – путешествовать пешком
light – путешествовать налегке
Moscow – уезжать из Москвы
for Minsk – уезжать в Минск
home – уезжать из дома
for Paris – уезжать в Париж
from London – уезжать из Лондона
to a new place – переезжать на новую квартиру
from a country house – съехать с дачи
house – переехать
left / right, to the left / right – повернуть налево / направо
(round) the corner – повернуть за угол
from the road – свернуть с дороги
to Minsk – вернуться в Минск
from Moscow – вернуться из Москвы
home – вернуться домой
the room – входить в комнату
the university – поступать в университет
one’s destination – добраться до места назначения
the bridge – приближаться к мосту
130
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