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Файл:Английский язык (дистанционное обучение) лингвометодическое обеспечение формирования навыков самостоятельной работы. Учебное пособие
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2C Reading and Speaking
Words and phrases:
It’s a five-minute walk (или: five minutes on foot) to … – пять минут
пешком до …
It’s a ten-minute bus ride (или: ten minutes by bus) from … – десять
минут (езды) на автобусе от …
It’s a ten-minute drive (или: ten minutes by car) to … – десять минут
на машине …
area – район
on the edge of town – на окраине города
on the south-west (north-east) – на юго-западе (северо-востоке)
right in the centre – в самом центре
traffic jam – дорожная пробка
on the way home/to work – по дороге домой/на работу
entertainment – развлечение
Задание 1. Прочитайте диалог и заполните пропуски предлогами:
about by from in of on
Ann: Where do you live?
Jane: I live ___ the edge of town.
Ann: How far is it ____ the centre?
Jane: It’s fifteen minutes ____ bus.
Ann: What is the best thing ___ your area?
Jane: The best thing about my area is the park. It’s green and nice.
Ann: What is the worst thing ___ your area?
Jane: The worst thing about it is the transport. I work ___ the centre of the
town and there is always a big traffic jam ___ my way to work.
Задание 2. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски подходящими по
смыслу словами: best foot live ride worst
Nick. I ___ on the south-west of the town. It’s a twenty-minute bus ___
to the centre. The ___ thing about my house is the location. Everything
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I need – a post-office, a supermarket, a big sport centre – is within five
minutes on ___. The ___ thing about it is parking. There is no place to
park when I come home late.
Задание 3. Спросите по-английски:
1) Где вы живёте? __________________?
2) Как далеко это от центра? __________________?
3) Что самое лучшее в вашем районе? __________________?
4) Что самое плохое в вашем районе? __________________?
Задание 4. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопрос, заданный Майком
в конце текста.
Mike. I live right in the centre of the town. The best thing about it is
entertainment. There are lots of nice bars, restaurants and night clubs here,
and they are open until very late. The worst thing is heavy traffic and noise
during the day time. And what place do you live in?
Well, I live …
Задание 5. Прочитайте и текст и заполните пропуски словами:
capital government library population position station theatre
Samara is my native town. It was founded in 1586 as a fortress on the
Volga River.
Due to its favourable geographical ____the town developed quickly
and soon became a big commercial centre on the Volga.
In the 20th century Samara became an important railway ____ and
a big cultural centre. The first public ____ and the Drama ____were open.
Many famous actors, such as Shalyapin and Strepetova played on its
stages.
During World War II the town was the second ____of our country.
The Soviet ____lived and worked here. Many large plants and factories
were evacuated to Samara from the western regions of the country. So, the
town became an important industrial centre.
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Now Samara is a great industrial, business and cultural city. Its
territory is 466 square kilometers. Its ____ is over one million people.
Every year thousands of tourists travelling along the Volga come to see the
beauty of Samara and enjoy the wonderful scenery of the Zhiguli Hills.
The sites which are so popular with the citizens and the guests of Samara
are: the Bunker of Stalin, the Drama theatre, the monument of Glory, the
Volga Embankment and others.
Задание 6. Задайте вопросы, используя в качестве подсказки
вопросительные слова и ответы.
1. When ___________? in 1586
2. Why ____________? due to its favourable position
3. What ____________? a big cultural centre
4. Who ____________? Shalyapin and Strepetova
5. What ____________? the second capital
6. What ____________? 466 square kilometers
7. What ____________? over one million people
7. What ____________? the Bunker of Stalin, the Drama
theatre, the monument of Glory,
the Volga Embankment and others
Задание 7. Расскажите о своём городе/деревне с опорой на вопросы.
1. Where are you from?
2. Do you live in the centre or on the edge of your town/village?
3. How far is it from the centre of your town?
4. What is the best thing about the place you live in?
5. What is the worst thing about the place you live in?
6. How old is your town/village? When was it founded?
7. What is the population of your town/village?
8. Are there many schools, theatres and cinemas in your town/village?
9. Are there any places of interest in your town/village? What are they?
10. What interesting facts do you know about your town/village?
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2D Technical Texts Reading
1) oil production
2) oil gathering
3) record
4) research institute
5) design office
6) improve
7) drilling technique
8) oil prospecting
9) offshore
10) pumping technique
11) estimate
12) pipeline
a) конструкторское бюро
b) технология бурения
c) технология откачки нефти
d) совершенствовать
e) сбор нефти
f) разведка нефти
g) научно-исследовательский институт
h) добыча нефти
i) запись
j) у берегов, на шельфе
k) трубопровод
l) подсчитывать, оценивать
Текст A
(для студентов нефтетехнологического факультета)
Задание 1. Найдите в правой колонке русские эквиваленты английс-
ких слов и словосочетаний.
Задание 2. Прочитайте текст и найдите абзац, в котором говорится
о том, где и когда началась разведка нефти в России.
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY IN RUSSIA
(1) While commercial oil production in Russia began only in the
second half of the 19th century, the first record of oil gathering appeared in
the 16th century. Travellers described how people living on the banks of
the river Ukhta in the far northern Timan-Pechora region gathered oil from
the river surface and used it as a medicine.
(2) However, regular oil prospecting in Russia started in the 1930s. In
1939 a new oil center “The Second Baku” arose between the Volga and
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the Urals. The rapid development of the Ural – Volga resources made it
possible to supply the Soviet Army with fuel and lubricants in the difficult
years of World War II.
(3) In the 1960s geologists found rich deposits of oil and gas on the
vast area of Western Siberia, in the Tyumen and Tomsk regions. A major
oil industry center was set up in Western Siberia to increase oil extraction,
to construct gas pipelines and to deliver gas to the Urals and the European
part of the country. Dozens of research institutes and design offices have
appeared to plan and analyze the development of deposits and to improve
drilling and pumping techniques.
(4) Among other provinces which nowadays offer great potential are
the Timan-Pechora region, East Siberia and Sakhalin Island. The reserves
of oil in East Siberia are estimated at around 3 billion barrels. Oil reserves
in the Timan-Pechora region are three times bigger. The reserves offshore
Sakhalin Island are estimated at 5 billion barrels.
Задание 3. Ответьте на вопросы (1–4), выбрав правильный вариант
(a–e). Один вариант ответа лишний.
Вопросы:
1. How did people use oil in the 16th century?
2. When did commercial oil production begin in Russia?
3. What was the first region for regular oil prospecting in Russia?
4. Where and when did gas production start?
Ответы:
a) in the 1960s in Western Siberia
b) as a medicine and lubricant
с) in the 16th century
d) the Ural-Volga region
e) in the 19th century
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Задание 4. Закончите предложение, выбрав правильный вариант:
1) charged particles
2) break
3) due to
4) equal amount
5) at rest
6) in motion
7) electrical circuit
8) D.C.
9) A.C.
10) i.e.
11) switch
a) выключатель
b) в движении
c) в покое
d) постоянный ток
e) переменный ток
f) заряженные частицы
g) разрыв
h) электрическая цепь
i) равное количество
j) благодаря
k) то есть (т.е.)
1. In Russia people began to use oil ….
a) in the 16th century;
b) in the 19th century;
c) in the 20th century.
2. At first people leaned to use oil as …
a) a fuel;
b) a lubricant;
c) a medicine.
3. To deliver oil and gas people …
a) open research institutes;
b) construct pipelines;
c) improve drilling and pumping techniques.
4. Oil reserves in the Timan-Pechora are estimated at …
a) 3 billion barrels;
b) 6 billion barrels;
c) 9 billion barrels.
(для студентов электротехнического факультета)
Задание 1. Найдите в правой колонке русские эквиваленты английс-
ких слов и словосочетаний.
Текст B
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Задание 2. Прочитайте текст и найдите абзац, в котором говорится
о строении вещества.
THE CONCEPT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
(1) In the 17th century Sir William Gilbert discovered that many
substances could be electrified by friction. He named this effect “electric”
after the word “electron” – the Greek name for amber.
(2) At present the nature of electrification is explained by the electron
theory. According to this theory all matter is composed of atoms or tiny
particles. Each atom consists of a nucleus, a small positively charged mass
and a number of lighter negatively charged particles called electrons,
which revolve around the nucleus. Normally each atom of a substance is
electrically neutral, or it has equal amounts of negative and positive
charges, i. e. produces no electrical effects. To produce electrical effect the
matter has to contain more negative than positive charges.
(3) When an electric charge is at rest it is spoken of as static
electricity, but when it is in motion it is called an electric current. In most
cases, an electric current is being described as a flow of electric charges
along a conductor.
(4) An electric current which flows in the same direction through
a conductor is called a direct current (D.C.). An alternating current (A.C.)
flows first in one direction and then in the other.
(5) An electric circuit is a path through which an electric current
flows. An electric circuit includes a battery, generator, or magnetic means
for producing current flow.
(6) The circuit is open when no charges can move due to a break in
the path. The circuit is closed when no break exists – when switches are
closed and all connections are properly made. [3]
Задание 3. Ответьте на вопросы (1–4), выбрав правильный вариант
(a–e). Один вариант ответа лишний.
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Вопросы:
1. What is a battery?
2. What are two common forms of cells?
3. What materials are good conductors of electric current?
4. What an electric circuit?
Ответы:
a) glass, plastics, rubber, wood
b) a source of energy
c) aluminum, copper, silver
d) dry and wet
e) a path through which an electric current flows
Задание 4. Закончите предложение, выбрав правильный вариант.
1. A battery is composed of … .
a) electrodes, electrolyte and a cell;
b) two or more cells connected in series;
c) dry and wet cells.
2. Electrodes are usually a pair of … .
a) dry cells;
b) metal plates;
c) insulators.
3. A cell is … .
a) a metal plate;
b) dilute acid solution;
c) a non-conducting container.
4. A copper wire in the voltaic cell is … .
a) electric insulator;
b) electric conductor;
c) a source of electricity.
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Текст C
1) make a decision
2) allocate resources
3) attain goals
4) technical skills
5) people skills
6) overall strategy
7) significant deviations
8) get back on track
a) общая стратегия
b) опыт работы с людьми
c) существенные отклонения
d) вновь направить в нужное русло
e) распределять ресурсы
f) достигать цели
g) технические навыки
h) принимать решение
(для студентов инженерно-экономического факультета)
Задание 1. Найдите в правой колонке русские эквиваленты английс-
ких слов и словосочетаний.
Задание 2. Прочитайте текст со словарем и найдите абзац, где гово-
рится о том, в чем заключается работа менеджера в целом.
MANAGERS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
(1) In 1990’s we understood that technical skills are necessary but
insufficient for succeeding in management. Managers must have good
people skills, because it is their job to get things done through other
people. Doing their work in the company, managers have to make
decisions, allocate resources, and direct the activities of others to attain
goals. All managers perform four management functions: planning,
organizing, leading, and controlling.
(2) When planning managers define the company goals, establish an
overall strategy for achieving these goals, and develop a hierarchy of plans
to integrate and coordinate activities. Planning is the most important
management function since others depend on it.
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(3) Organizing makes things happen as planned. This is the
operational function. It includes the determination of what tasks are to be
done, who is to do them, who reports to whom, and when decisions are to
be made.
(4) Leading is the motivational function. Every company contains
people, and its management’s job is to direct and coordinate these people.
When managers motivate subordinates, direct the activities of others,
select the most effective communication channel, or resolve conflicts
among members, they are engaged in leading. They also make decisions
about the salary and promotion.
(5) After the goals are set, the plans are formulated, and the people are
hired, trained and motivated, there is still the possibility that
something may go amiss. To ensure that things are going as they should,
management must monitor the organization’s performance. Actual
performance must be compared with the previously set goals. If there are
any significant deviations, it is management’s job to get organization back
on track. This monitoring, comparing and potential correcting is what is
meant by controlling function.
Задание 3. Ответьте на вопросы (1–4), выбрав правильный вариант
(a–e). Один вариант ответа лишний.
Вопросы:
1. What is managers’ job?
2. What kind of function is planning?
3. What does organizing include?
4. What is leading?
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