Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5182_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана

The global food system continues to face disruptions caused by pandemics and wars. The number of people affected by hunger in 2022 ranged from 691 to 783 millions worldwide (FAO et al., 2023). Alongside critical food shortages, there is also a serious exacerbation of the “hidden hunger” problem. Hidden hunger derives from diets that provide sufcient calories but do not provide enough vitamins and minerals, and is a lethal factor affecting both developed and developing countries (Gödecke et al., 2018). Expanding the range of plant- based products in the diet allows necessary vitamins, micronutrients, amino acids, and other phytonutrients essential for normal human functioning to be obtained. However, out of thousands of plant and animal species cultivated or grown for food in the past, fewer than 200 currently make a signicant contribution to global food production, with only nine contributing to 66% of total crop production. Today, approximately 30 agricultural crops provide 95 percent of human energy needs, and 75 percent of global food production is based on 12 commercial crops and ve animal species (Hunter et al., 2019). Thus, tens of thousands of edible plant species remain undervalued and underutilized and can be used to address global food security issues (Chivenge et al., 2015). In this context, the use of edible wild plants holds great promise. Forgotten and underutilized species have excellent nutritional value for addressing micronutrient deciencies (Li et al., 2020) and other valuable phytonutrients (Priss et al., 2023; Vasheka & Petrusha, 2022). The use of underutilized plants helps combat problems associated with malnutrition and serves as a source for producing dietary supplements, developing new food products with enhanced nutritional value

Many researchers have shown that the essential oil and various extracts isolated from N. cataria are rich sources of nepetalactones (iridoid monoterpenes) and other iridoids, which are primarily responsible for various biological activities of the plant, such as attracting cats, insecticidal, and repellent properties, among others (Lichman et al., 2020; Reichert et al., 2019; Yang et al., 2020). Analysis of N. cataria L. essential oil showed that 4a- α,7- α,7a- β- nepetalactone (55– 58%) and 4a- α,7- α,7a- α- nepetalactone (30– 31.2%) are the main components of the essential oil at all stages of plant develop­ment (Zomorodian et al., 2012). Zenasni et al. (2008) demonstrate even higher nepetalactone content: more than 70% of oils from N. atlantica, N. tuberosa, N. cataria, and 39.4% of oils from N. granatensis. According to other authors, N. cataria contains