Percutaneous catheter drainage is done for empyemas, malignant effusions, hemothorax, and effusions associated with acute pancreatitis. Empyemas are drained percutane­ously if they are focal or uniloculated, and by surgical chest tube placement if they are multiple, multiloculated, complex, and extensive [8]. Catheters are inserted through the triangle of safety that is bounded anteriorly by the posterior border of the pectoralis major muscle, posteriorly by the latissimus dorsi muscle, and inferiorly by the fth intercostal space. Insertion at this site minimizes the risk of injury to major blood vessels and nerves. Also, the needle and catheter should be advanced along the superior border of the rib to avoid injury to the neurovascular bundle that runs along its inferior border. Pleural effusion drainage can be done under USG guidance except in cases of hydropneumothorax, in which air obscures the visualization on USG and CT becomes necessary for guiding the procedure. Percutaneous catheters within the pleural cavity should always be connected to a drainage bag with an underwater seal to prevent the atmo­spheric air from being sucked into the pleural space. Persistent, complex collections and organizing hemothorax require the use of brinolytic agents. The commonly used brinolytic agents include streptokinase 250,000IU daily for 7days, urokinase 100,000IU daily for 3days, and alteplase 10–25mg daily for 3days. The brinolytic agent is mixed in 100ml of normal saline and instilled into the septated effu­sion daily, following which the catheter is clamped for four hours before drainage. Although the use of brinolytic can improve the drainage of effusion, clinical improvement has not been shown to be signicantly different from placebo in randomized controlled trials [9]. Pneumothorax can be drained percutaneously by inserting the catheter into the anterior pleural recess under CT guidance.