Фразовые глаголы в разговорном английском = Phrasal Verbs in Spoken English. Пособие

have

have sth on быть одетым (во что-л.), носить (одежду и т. п.) to be wearing sth

She had a red jacket on.

He had nothing (= no clothes) on.

head

head for направляться, держать курс (куда-л.) to move towards

I headed for the door.

hold

hold on ожидать (часто у телефона) to wait (especially on the telephone); hang on

Excuse me, sir, hold on – Mr Smith will speak to you.

Yes, Mr Pitt is in. If you hold on for a moment I’ll get him for you.

hold up

1.останавливать, задерживать (уличное движение, работу и т. п.) to stop, to delay (traffic, industry, work, research, etc.)

The policeman held up the traffic to allow pedestrians to cross the road.

The bus was held up because a tree had fallen across the road.

2. останавливать с целью грабежа; грабить to rob Two masked men held up the bank.

1. Fill in the correct particle(s). Translate the sentences.

1. You must all hand ... your projects by the end of next week. 2. If you don’t do what I ask, I’ll take the money and hand it ... to him. 3. Hang ... a minute. 4. We had decided to head ... Miami. 5. Do you mind holding ... while I find out? 6. The whole thing was held ...

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about half an hour. 7. Hang ... – I’ll just see if he is here. 8. She grew

... in Boston. 9. After I hung ... I remembered what I’d wanted to say. 10. I’ve rather grown ... ... my taste for ice cream. 11. It cost a small fortune and she grew … … it in three months. 12. He took the tray in and handed the glasses ... . 13. He held me ... at the point of a gun. 14. They grew ... in the early days of television. 15. She had an old bathrobe … . 16. He hung … all day (doing nothing).

2. Translate into English.

1. Кем ты хочешь стать, когда вырастешь? 2. Она сдала курсовую работу с опозданием (after the deadline). 3. Она передала заявление в суд. 4. Телефон занят, не вешайте трубку (подождите). 5. Не бросай трубку! 6. Движение остановилось из-за тумана. 7. Он был задержан иммиграционными властями. 8. Утром мы отправились к озеру. 9. Пусть вас не волнует его застенчивость, со временем он избавится от нее. 10. Она раздала пирожные. 11. Вчера был ограблен поезд. 12. На вечеринке на ней было голубое платье. 13. Я целый час торчал (околачивался) там, но он так и не пришел.

keep

keep away (from) держаться в отдалении; не находиться вблизи to avoid going near sb/sth; stay away

‘Keep away from the fire,’ the mother said to her little son.

keep back

1.держаться сзади, в стороне, в отдалении to stay back Keep back! Назад! Отойдите! Не подходить!

2.удерживать, задерживать; скрывать, утаивать to conceal She was unable to keep back her tears.

I’ll keep back nothing from you.

keep from sth/from doing sth удерживаться, воздерживаться от чего-л. to resist

She could hardly keep from laughing.

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keep sb from sth/from doing sth мешать, препятствовать ко- му-л. делать что-л. to prevent from

I hope I’m not keeping you from your work. The church bells keep me from sleeping.

keep off

1.держаться в отдалении, не приближаться to stay away from

He told them to keep off the freshly painted benches. Keep off the grass! (park notice)

2. избегать, не касаться to avoid I’m trying to keep off fatty foods.

It’s best to keep off politics when my father is around.

keep on продолжать настойчиво делать что-л. to continue, to go on doing sth

They kept on looking for the little girl until it got too dark. School keeps on till four o’clock.

keep to придерживаться чего-л., не отклоняться (от темы и т. п.) to stick to

Keep to the point.

Keep to the letter of the law.

keep up

1.поддерживать, содержать в хорошем состоянии to keep sth in good condition

The car will last long if you keep it up.

2.поддерживать, не давать снижаться to maintain sth at the same level

Something must be done to keep up the prices.

We must keep up our position.

keep up (with) не отставать, поспевать, держаться наравне с кем-л. to proceed at an equal pace

Slow down, I can’t keep up!

I never quite manage to keep up with the rest.

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knock

knock down

1.сбить (с ног); свалить to hit and make them fall to the ground; knock over

She was knocked down by a bus.

He knocked his opponent down three times in the first round.

2.ломать, разрушать (постройки) to destroy a building by breaking its walls; demolish, pull down

These old buildings are going to be knocked down.

knock off

1. сбивать, сшибать to hit sth so that it falls to the ground

A stone was placed on a brick and had to be knocked off by another stone when it was aimed at.

2.разг. прекращать, прерывать, бросать (работу и т. п.) to stop doing sth, especially work

We knock off (work) at 5.

knock out нокаутировать (бокс) to hit sb so hard that he falls unconscious

In the finals of the boxing championship he knocked out his opponent, who was carried out of the ring.

1. Fill in the correct particle(s). Translate the sentences.

1. I just managed to keep myself ... falling. 2. Nothing is more irritating than people who do not keep ... the point. 3. I can’t keep ... ...

all the changes. 4. Wages are not keeping ... ... inflation. 5. Keep ... ...

the edge of the cliff. 6. The rain kept ... all night. 7. He kept .… staring at me. 8. Try to keep ... a routine. 9. We must keep ... the deadlines. 10. It’s important to keep ... the standard. 11. She can drink milk, but she has to keep ... butter. 12. He kept ... the question of whose fault it was. 13. I tried to keep ... the conversation. 14. He was unable to keep

... the payments. 15. They kept ... ... the forest. 16. Keep your kids

... ... those bulls. 17. He kept ... from the committee the fact that he

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was leaving them. 18. You should keep ... playing football too much, otherwise you won’t be able to keep ... ... the class. 19. The doctor advised him to keep ... meat for half a year. 20. You’d better keep ...

this subject. 21. If you don’t keep ... the street with your bicycle, I’ll take it away. 22. Keep ... until you get to the church. 23. Well done! Keep ... the good work! 24. The blow on the head knocked me ... .

25. Do you want to knock ... early today? 26. Let’s knock ... for lunch. 27. I bumped and nearly knocked ... a person at the bus stop. 28. I’d knock the wall ... between the front room and dining room. 29. The old man hit him so hard that he knocked him ... .

2. Translate into English.

1. Я старался не смотреть на себя в зеркало. 2. Я не мог не улыбнуться (я не мог сдержать улыбку). 3. Из-за этого я не пошел в школу. 4. Этот шум не дает мне спать. 5. Цены не снижаются. 6. Мужество их не покидало. 7. Шум не прекращался целый день. 8. Я не могу угнаться за вами. 9. Ник отставал от своих соучеников. 10. Если вы не хотите забыть английский, слушайте радио, читайте газеты и книги. 11. Она старалась скрыть слезы, чтобы никто не видел, что она расстроена. 12. Воздерживайтесь от откровенных разговоров с ним. Он может вас подвести. 13. Держитесь подальше от плохих товарищей. 14. Назад! Отойдите! 15. От больного скрыли истинный характер его заболевания. 16. Не касайся (избегай) этого вопроса. 17. Воздерживайся от (не ешь) конфет и шоколада. 18. Отчего собаки все время лают? 19. Он придерживается строгой диеты. 20. Он все время задает глупые вопросы. 21. Его сбила машина. 22. Он был сражен пулей. 23. Мы сегодня рано закончили работу.

lay

lay off амер. увольнять рабочих to make sb redundant City workers are being laid off at the rate of 100 a week.

leave

leave out пропускать, не включать (что-л.) to omit We’ll sing our school song leaving out the last ten verses.

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let

let down

1.опускать, спускать вниз to lower sth We let the bucket down by a rope. Delia let down her beautiful fair hair.

2.подвести, покинуть в беде to fail to help or support sb as they had hoped or expected

This machine won’t let you down.

Sorry to let you down, but I can’t give you a lift today.

let in впускать to allow to enter

If you mention my name to the door-keeper he will let you in.

let off разг. отпустить без наказания; простить, помиловать to refrain from punishment

I thought that the policeman was going to fire me but he let me off.

let out выпускать, освобождать to allow to leave, to release He opened the door and let out the dog.

live

live off

1.жить на чей-л. счет; жить с чего-л., за счет чего-л. to receive the money you need to live from sb/sth because you do not have any yourself

She’s still living off her parents.

They continued to live off the rents of their farms, as they always had done.

2.питаться (чем-л.) to have a particular type of food as the main thing you eat in order to live; live on

He seems to live off junk food.

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live on (upon)

1.питаться (чем-л.) to eat a particular type of food to live; live off

Small birds live mainly on insects.

2.жить (на какие-л. средства) to have enough money for the basic things you need to live

You can’t live on forty pounds a week.

live up to жить согласно (принципам, идеалам и т. п.); быть достойным; оправдать (ожидания, надежды) to do as well as or be as good as other people expect you to

He failed to live up to his parents’ expectations.

The team called ‘The No-Hopers’ certainly lived up to its name.

1. Fill in the correct particle(s). Translate the sentences.

1.‘Please let me ...,’ Nick kept asking his mother. 2. Charlie’s never let me ... yet. 3. Go and let them … . 4. Let the blinds ... , please.

5.I promised him that you would do the work. Why did you let me

... by doing so little? 6. The ticket-collector let him ... with a fine.

7.If you are late I’ll let you ... . 8. Let ... the child. It’s nice out-of- doors. 9. Let the water ... of the bath-tub. 10. Don’t worry – I won’t let you ... this time, I promise. 11. She was let ... with a warning.

12.She left ... an ‘m’ in ‘accommodation’. 13. The film didn’t live … … my expectations. 14. She succeeded, to my mind, in living … … her extraordinary reputation. 15. Robert had not worked for two months when I met him, and had been living ... savings accumulated in the previous season. 16. He’d been living ... pork pies since Monday.

17.How do you expect me to live ... ₤ 150 a year? 18.1 don’t have enough to live ... . 19. She lived ... berries and wild herbs. 20. The play quite lived … … my expectations. 21. I always leave ... the difficult exercises.

2.Translate into English.

1. (Смотри) не подведи меня. 2. Она отошла в сторону, чтобы выпустить ее. 3. Я уверен, что его пропустят (выпустят). Все

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знают, что он потерял свой билет. 4. Вы можете положиться на него, он вас не подведет. 5. Опустите окно, в купе холодно. 6. На этот раз я вас прощаю, но если это повторится, то вам не удастся отделаться так легко! 7. Он отделался штрафом. 8. Впусти (выпусти) собаку. 9. Я пропустил слово в предложении. 10. Он не оправдал моих надежд. 11. Он оказался верным своему долгу. 12. Он живет с земли (питается с огорода). 13. Он сидит на шее у своей престарелой матери. 14. Как он умудряется прожить на такое жалованье?

look

look after присматривать, ухаживать, заботиться to take care of

Who’s going to look after the children while you’re away? Look after my garden.

look ahead (on sth) смотреть вперед; проявлять предусмотрительность, предвидеть to think about what is going to happen in the future and perhaps make plans

We’re trying to look ahead.

look away отводить взгляд, смотреть (куда-то) в сторону to turn one’s eyes away from sth so that you can no longer see it

Their eyes met and Ida blushed and looked away.

look back

1.оглядываться to turn to see what is behind you Jack turned and looked back at Ralph.

2.(on, upon sth) обращаться к прошлому (мысленно), вспоминать to think about sth in your past

The past always seems better when you look back on it.

look down on (sb/sth) смотреть свысока; смотреть с презрением, презирать to think that you are better than sb / sth

She looks down on people who haven’t been to college.

look for искать to search

I looked for my keys all morning but I couldn’t find them.

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look forward to предвкушать (что-л.); ожидать (чего-л.) с удовольствием to expect with pleasure

I am looking forward to her arrival/to seeing her.

look in (on sb, at a place) зайти, заглянуть to pay a short visit The doctor will look in again this evening.

Won’t you look in on me next time you’re in town?

I’ll look in at your place tomorrow, but I can’t stay long.

look into изучать (вопрос), детально исследовать to investigate, to examine carefully

A working party has been set up to look into the problem.

look on (upon) наблюдать со стороны to watch an event as a spectator

Passers-by simply looked on as he was attacked.

look on sb/sth as sb/sth считать кого-л./что-л. кем-л./ чем-л. to consider sb/sth to be sb/sth

She’s looked on as the leading authority on the subject.

look out быть настороже to be on one’s guard Look out! There’s a train coming!

look out on (upon, onto sth) выходить, быть обращенным

(куда-л.), в какую-л. сторону (на море, на город и т. п.) to have a view of somewhere

The room looks out on a park.

look over просмотреть, осмотреть что-л. to examine sth to see how good, big, etc. it is

We looked over the house again before we decided to buy it. I want to look over this manuscript again.

look (a)round

1.оглядываться кругом to turn your head to see sb/sth behind you

She looked round when she heard the noise.

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2.осматривать to walk round a place in order to see what it is like

Shall we look round the Cathedral this afternoon?

look through просмотреть, пробежать (глазами) to examine or read sth quickly

She looked through her notes before the exam.

look up

1.поднимать глаза to raise your eyes to see what is above I suddenly looked up and saw Mr Rutland watching me.

2.искать что-л. (в словаре, справочнике), наводить справки to look for information in a dictionary or reference book

Can you look up the time of the next train?

I looked it up in the dictionary.

look up to sb уважать, смотреть почтительно на кого-л. to admire or respect sb

I really look up to my teacher.

1. Fill in the correct particle(s). Translate the sentences.

1. I can’t wait for the camping trip, I’m really looking … … it. 2. Excuse me. I’m looking ... Mount Street. Could you tell me where it is? 3. The police are looking ... last night’s robbery. 4. How can we find Liz’s address? – Let’s look it ... in the phone book. 5. Who’s going to look ... the dog while you’re away? 6. Look ... this letter to see if there are any mistakes. 7. The students look ... ... you and admire you. 8. You’ll need to look ... four or five years. 9. It looked ... at Mrs Bixby with bright yellow eyes, then looked ... again and carried on eating. 10. I looked ... and saw my car moving slowly down the hill. 11. It all seems very pathetic when I look ..., but it was painful enough at the time. 12. They are arrogant and aggressive people. They look … … us. 13. I think I’ll look … … my parents on the way home from work. 14. I’ll look … … the newsagent’s and pick up a paper. 15. I’ll look ... again tomorrow afternoon. 16. His parents looked ... with a triumphant smile as he collected his prize. 17. They look ... him as

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