Теоретико-правовые основы оперативно-розыскной деятельности таможенных органов Российской Федерации. Монография

Ƚɥɚɜɚ 3 ɈɊȽȺɇɂɁȺɐɂə ɈɉȿɊȺɌɂȼɇɈ-ɊɈɁɕɋɄɇɈɃ ȾȿəɌȿɅɖɇɈɋɌɂ

ɌȺɆɈɀȿɇɇɕɏ ɈɊȽȺɇɈȼ ɊɈɋɋɂɃɋɄɈɃ ɎȿȾȿɊȺɐɂɂ

ȼɐȿɅəɏ ɉɊɈɌɂȼɈȾȿɃɋɌȼɂə ɉɊȿɋɌɍɉɅȿɇɂəɆ

ȼɋɎȿɊȿ ɌȺɆɈɀȿɇɇɈȽɈ ȾȿɅȺ

§1. Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ

ɜɰɟɥɹɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦ, ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɦɫɹ ɤ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ

Ɉɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ Ȼɟɥɚɪɭɫɶ ɢ Ʉɚɡɚɯɫɬɚɧɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɊɎ ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɈɊȾ, ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɚ ɧɚɧɨɫɹɬ ɭɳɟɪɛ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɟ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɧɨ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɱɥɟɧɨɜ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ1.

ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɈɊɉ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɊɎ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɩɪɟɠɞɚɸɳɟɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨ ɥɢɰɚɯ ɢɯ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɢɯ ɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɢɜɲɢɯ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɹɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɞɟɥɨɤ2 ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ.

ɋɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚ ɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɬɚɤɨɜɚ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ-ɱɥɟɧɨɜ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ ɨɛ ɈɊȾ ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɈɊȾ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɚ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ, ɚ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɢ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ, ɩɪɢɛɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɸ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɬɚɦɨɠɧɟɣ ɬɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ, ɝɞɟ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɤ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ. ɇɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɊɎ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɵɯ ɞɟɹɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ.

1 ȼɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ, ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɛɸɞɠɟɬ ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɨ ɧɟɞɨɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɨɤɨɥɨ 6 ɦɥɪɞ. ɞɨɥɥ. ɋɒȺ (ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɥɹ Ƚɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɤɭɪɨɪɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ȼ.ɂ. Ʉɨɥɟɫɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɝɢɢ ɎɌɋ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ 16.02.2006 ɝ.).

2 ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɟɟ ɨ ɫɬɚɞɢɹɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɞɟɥɨɤ ɫɦ.: Ʉɨɡɥɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ɘ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɚ: Ɇɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɹ. Ɇ.: ɊɂɈ ɊɌȺ, 2007. ɋ. 50.

101

ɋɥɨɠɢɜɲɚɹɫɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɨɬ ɈɊɉ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɤ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɈɊȾ1. Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɲɟɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɈɊɉ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɊɎ ɧɚ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫ ɈɊɉ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ – ɱɥɟɧɨɜ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ2.

ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɈɊȾ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɠɢɞɚɟɦɚɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɞɟɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ3. Ɉɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɵɟ ɞɟɹɧɢɹ, ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɚ ɩɨ ɱ. 2–4 ɫɬ. 188, 189, 190, 193 ɢ 194 ɍɄ ɊɎ ɩɨ-ɩɪɟɠɧɟɦɭ ɨɫɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɈɊȾ ɩɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ, ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ, ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɰɢɪɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɬ. 189, 190 ɢ 193 ɍɄ ɊɎ, ɜɪɹɞ ɥɢ ɩɪɟɬɟɪɩɹɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɟɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɦ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ.

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɈɊȾ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɊɎ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ, ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ, ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɢɬɶ ɪɹɞ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɷɬɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɍɚɤ, ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɩɫɢɯɨɬɪɨɩɧɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɢɯ ɩɪɟɤɭɪɫɨɪɵ, ɨɪɭɠɢɟ, ɛɨɟɩɪɢɩɚɫɵ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɤ ɜɜɨɡɭ ɜ ɊɎ, ɚ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɢ ɧɚ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɸ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɩɪɹɬɚɧɵ ɨɬ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ, ɜ.ɬ.ɱ. ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɣɧɢɤɨɜ, ɜ ɬɨɜɚɪɚɯ ɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ. ɗɬɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɈɊȾ ɞɥɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɡɚ ɬɨɜɚɪɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɬɨɤɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧ, ɚ ɧɚɨɛɨɪɨɬ – ɭɫɢɥɟɧ, ɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ – ɩɟɪɟɧɚɰɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɈɊȾ, ɫɜɡɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɟ ɢ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɸ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɡɚɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ «ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɫɨɛɨ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ» (ɚɜɬ.).

1 ɋɦ.: Ʉɨɡɥɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ɘ. Ɉ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɚɡɵɫɤɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ Ⱥɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɆȼȾ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ʋ 12, 2010. ɋ. 90–94.

2 ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɈɊȾ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɫɦ.: ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮ 3 ɝɥɚɜɵ 1 ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ.

3 Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɫɦ.: ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮ 3 ɝɥɚɜɵ 1ɢ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮ 1 ɝɥɚɜɵ 2 ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ.

102

ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɟ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɈɊȾ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ, ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɸɬ ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ.

ɉɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɫ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟɦ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɲɥɢɧ, ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɢ ɫɛɨɪɨɜ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɢɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɢ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦ ȼɗȾ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɷɬɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɞɥɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ.

ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɩɭɬɟɦ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɦɟɪɧɨɟ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɯ ɡɚɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ, ɥɢɛɨ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɧɟɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɴɹɬɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ, ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ1.

ɍɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɥɢɛɨ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ, ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɚ, ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɧɡɢɬɚ (ɜɬ.ɱ. ɥɠɟɬɪɚɧɡɢɬɚ), ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɧɚ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ, ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɜɧɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ, ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɜɨɡɚ/ɜɵɜɨɡɚ (ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɪɟɷɤɫɩɨɪɬ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɢɦɩɨɪɬ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɢɡɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ), ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɤɥɚɞɚ ɫɚɦɚ ɩɨ ɫɟɛɟ ɥɢɛɨ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɨɣ ɪɟɷɤɫɩɨɪɬ. ȼ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ ɨɬɤɚɡɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɶɡɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɧɢɹ. ȼ ɨɛɨɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ ɞɥɹ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɤɨɪɪɭɦɩɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ2.

1 ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɟɟ ɫɦ.: Ʉɨɡɥɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ɘ. ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɸ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ (ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɨɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ) // ɋɛɨɪɧɢɤ ɫɬɚɬɟɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. ɋɩɟɰ. ɜɵɩ. 11 (2) ɩɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ ȼɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ «ȼɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ (ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ) ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ», Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, 25 ɦɚɪɬɚ 2009 ɝɨɞɚ. Ɇ.: ɂɡɞ-ɜɨ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ, 2009.ɋ. 45–57.

2 ɋɦ.: ɀɟɝɚɥɨɜ ȿ.Ⱥ. ɉɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɯ ɫɟɪɢɣɧɨ. ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɦ ɫɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ: Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ. – ɂɪɤɭɬɫɤ, 2000. ɋ. 37; ɀɛɚɧɤɨɜ ȼ.Ⱥ., ɋɚɜɥɭɤ Ⱥ.Ɉ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ, ɜɡɢɦɚɟɦɵɯ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ: ɍɱɟɛ. ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ.– Ɇ.,

103

ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ, ɭɫɤɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɩɪɨɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ, ɱɬɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɜ ɪɹɞɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɧɟɞɨɛɪɨɫɨɜɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦ ȼɗȾ ɞɥɹ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ1.

ɉɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɟɪ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɈɊȾ2.

Ɍɚɤ, ɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɵ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɈɊɆ ɥɢɛɨ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɜɢɡɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɤɥɚɞɨɜ ɥɢɛɨ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɸ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ, ɟɫɥɢ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɟ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ. ɋ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɈɊɆ «ɩɪɨɜɟɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɡɚɤɭɩɤɚ», «ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ» ɢ ɞɪ.3, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɥ ɨɛ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬ ɨɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɬɵ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ.

2003. ɋ. 32; . ɋɚɜɥɭɤ Ⱥ.Ɉ. Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɯ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ, ɜɡɢɦɚɟɦɵɯ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɤɪɢɦɢɧɚɥɢɫɬɢɤɢ. ȼɵɩ. 2. – Ɇ., 2001. ɋ. 84; Ʉɨɡɵɪɢɧ Ⱥ.ɇ. Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɣ ɤ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɭ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ. –

Ɇ., 2004. ɋ. 171, ɢ ɞɪ.

1 ɒɢɲɤɢɧ Ⱥ.ȼ. Ɋɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ: ɍɱɟɛ.-ɩɪɚɤɬ. ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ. – Ɇ., 2004. ɋ. 213.

2 ɉɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɵɫɤɚ (ɩɪɢɦ. ɚɜɬ.). ɉɨɞɪɨɛɨɧɟɟ ɫɦ. ɝɥɚɜɭ 1 ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ.

3 ɉɨɞɪɨɛɧɟɟ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɈɊȾ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɜ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɫɦ.: Ⱥɤɢɦɨɜ Ⱥ.ȿ., Ʉɨɡɥɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ɘ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜ ɇ.ȿ. Ƚɥɚɜɚ III, ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 3.3 // Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ: Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ. – Ɇ., 2003. ɋ. 201–219; Ⱥɤɢɦɨɜ Ⱥ.ȿ., Ʉɨɡɥɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ɘ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜ ɇ.ȿ. Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ. Ɋɚɡɞɟɥɵ 3.3.3 // Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ. Ⱥɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ, ɢɡɨɛɪɟɬɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɚɬɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ, ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ: ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ / Ʉɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ. – Ɇ., 2004. – ɋ. 255–264;. Ⱥɤɢɦɨɜ Ⱥ.ȿ., Ʉɨɡɥɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ɘ., ɋɢɦɨɧɨɜ ɇ.ȿ. Ƚɥɚɜɚ 4 «Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɹɧɢɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ» // Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ: ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ. – Ɇ., 2004. ɋ. 23–34; Ʉɨɡɥɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ɘ. ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ // ɋɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ: ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɨɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ. Ɇ.: ɊɂɈ ɊɌȺ, 2008.– ɋ. 40–49.

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Ɉɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɈɊɉ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɜ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɨɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɩɪɟɠɞɚɸɳɟɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɝɨɬɨɜɹɳɟɦɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɨɦ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ. ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɦɟɪ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ.

Ɇɵ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ Ƚɢɥɶɦɭɬɞɢɧɨɜɨɣ ɇ.ɋ. ɢ Ʌɚɪɢɱɟɜɚ ȼ.Ⱦ.1, ɩɨɥɚɝɚɹ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɸɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ:

–«ɠɟɫɬɤɨɟ» ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɷɬɚɩɚɯ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ;

–ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ-ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɨɯɜɚɬ ɜɫɟɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɢ «ɩɟɪɟɤɪɟɫɬɧɵɣ» ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɣ ɩɨ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɟ, ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ;

–ɧɚɞɟɠɧɚɹ, ɨɬɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɩɪɢɟɦɚ, ɮɢɤɫɚɰɢɢ, ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ;

–ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɨɛɦɟɧ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɨ ɝɨɬɨɜɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɹɧɢɹɯ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ; ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɩɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ;

–ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɈɊɆ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɯ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ.

ɇɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɸ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ, ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɞɟɹɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɚ.

ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɈɊȾ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɊɎ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɮɢɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɮɢɪɦ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɮɢɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɢɪɦɵ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ:

–ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɢɰɨ, ɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɨ ɭɤɪɚɞɟɧɧɵɦ (ɭɬɟɪɹɧɧɵɦ) ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɦ ɥɢɛɨ ɭɦɟɪɲɟɟ ɥɢɛɨ ɭɱɪɟɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ, ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɢ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɛɭɯɝɚɥɬɟɪɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɥɢɰɨ;

–ɧɟɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɧɨ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɭɫɬɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɚ1, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ ɢ ɨɪɝɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ;

1 Ƚɢɥɶɦɭɬɞɢɧɨɜɚ ɇ.ɋ., Ʌɚɪɢɱɟɜ ȼ.Ⱦ. Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ: ɍɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ: ȼɢɞɵ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɵɯ ɞɟɹɧɢɣ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ, ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ, ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɚɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ: ɍɱɟɛ. ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ. – Ɇ., 2001. ɋ. 302.

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–ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɚɪɟɧɞɭɟɦɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɮɢɫɚ, ɫɤɥɚɞɚ

ɢɞɪɭɝɢɯ, ɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɬ.ɱ. ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɚɪɟɧɞɵ, ɫɭɛɚɪɟɧɞɵ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɫɤɥɚɞɨɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ (ɋȼɏ);

–ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɢ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ, ɨɬ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɞɟɥɤɢ, ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɟɦ ɛɚɧɤɚɦɢ ɧɟɡɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɢɧɫɩɟɤɰɢɹɯ ɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɥɢɰ,

ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɦ, ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ȼɗȾ

ɜɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ;

–ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɭ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɛɚɧɤɚɯ, ɜ ɬ.ɱ. ɧɚ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɩɟɪɟɚɞɪɟɫɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɢɡ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɧɤɚ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɢ ɫɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɧɚɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɭɦɦɵ ɫɨ ɫɱɟɬɨɜ;

–ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɛ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ, ɧɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɹɟɦɵɦ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ (ɜ ɬ.ɱ. ɩɨɞɞɟɥɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɮɚɥɶɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ) ɢ ɞɪ., ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɭɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɟɠɟɣ.

ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ, ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɫ ɧɟɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɈɊȾ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɢ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɮɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ, ɤɚɤ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɵɟ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɦɢɦɨ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɬ.ɧ. «ɮɢɫɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ» ɛɥɨɤɚ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɚ ɢ «ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɜ» ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɷɬɢ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɟɪ2.

1 ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɜ 90 % ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɭɫɬɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɚ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɭ, ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ.

2 Ɉ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɟ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɦɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɫɦ.: Ʉɨɡɥɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ɘ. Ɉ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɟ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɦɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ, ʋ 3, 2010. ɋ. 73–82; ɨɧ ɠɟ. Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ (ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ) ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ // ɋɛɨɪɧɢɤ ɫɬɚɬɟɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼɵɩ. 12 (1) ɩɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ ȼɫɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ «Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɨɣ», ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɨɣ 10-ɥɟɬɢɸ ȽɍȻɄ ɎɌɋ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, 17 ɦɚɪɬɚ 2010 ɝɨɞɚ. Ɇ.: ɂɡɞ-ɜɨ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ, 2010. ɋ. 121–130; ɨɧ ɠɟ. Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ

106

ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɟ, ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɨɣ, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ:

–ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ, ɜ ɬ.ɱ. ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɫ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɎɋȻ, ɆȼȾ ɢ ɎɋɄɇ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ;

–ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɈɊɉ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɫ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɦɢ

ɢɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɎɋȻ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɈɊɉ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɆȼȾ ɢ ɎɋɄɇ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɩɪɟɠɞɚɸɳɟɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɡɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ;

–ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ (ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ, ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɟ ɢ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɎɋȻ, ɆȼȾ, ɎɋɄɇ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ);

–ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ, ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ, ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɪɚɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɨɣ;

–ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ, ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ;

–ɞɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ (ɌɈɢɌɄ) ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ, ɮɨɪɦ, ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ;

–ɪɚɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɢɥ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ;

–ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɢɫɤɚ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɜ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɥɢɰ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɢɯ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɢɜɲɢɯ ɢ ɜɵɧɚɲɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɢɬɶ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ;

–ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɈɊɉ ɫ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɌɈɢɌɄ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɢɧɵɦɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɢɫɤɚ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ;

–ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɟ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɛɨɪɶɛɟ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɨɣ.

Ɋɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɲɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ, ɩɪɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɈɊȾ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɨ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ

ɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɟ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɦɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɜɧɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ (ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ) ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ // ɋɛɨɪɧɢɤ ɫɬɚɬɟɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼɵɩ. 10 (1). Ɇ.: ɂɡɞ-ɜɨ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ, 2009.

ɋ. 84–90.

107

ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɫɯɟɦ1, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɩɪɟɠɞɚɸɳɟɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɯ ɢ ɮɚɤɬɚɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ, ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ, ɫɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɢɥ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ.

ɉɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ:

–«ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɫɬɶ» ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ Ɍɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ

ɟɟɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ,

–ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɵɯ, ɢɧɵɯ ɞɨɪɨɝ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɦɟɫɬ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɭɡɚ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ, ɩɨ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɭ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ;

–ɭɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɢ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɚ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɪɚɧɟɟ;

–ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɭ ɥɢɰ, ɩɨɞɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɢɜɲɢɯ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɨɣ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ, ɨ ɞɢɫɥɨɤɚɰɢɢ ɫɢɥ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ (ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ) ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ;

–ɭɱɚɫɬɤɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ, ɭɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ;

–ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɢ ɨɩɵɬ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ;

–ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɚ ɞɢɫɥɨɤɚɰɢɢ ɫɥɭɠɛ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɧɢɯɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟɜɢɞɵɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ, ɢɯɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ,

–ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɈɊɉ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ (ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɯ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ) ɤ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ;

–ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɚɤ: ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɟɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ; ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɚɣɧɢɤɨɜ; ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɩɪɢɩɚɫɨɜ ɢ ɞɪ.;

–ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɦɵɯ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ (ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɢ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɬɨɜɚɪɭ ɬɚɪɢɮɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɟɬɚɪɢɮɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ; ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɤɜɨɬɵ, ɩɪɟɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ; ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ, ɡɚɹɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɯ ɤ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɢ ɞɪ.), ɜ ɬ.ɱ. ɫɨɡɞɚɸɳɚɹ

1 ɋɦ.: Ʉɨɡɥɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ɘ. Ɉ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ // Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ: ɫɛɨɪɧɢɤ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɋɟɤɪɟɬɚɪɢɚɬɚ Ʉɨɦɢɫɫɢɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɸɡɚ ɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ. – Ʌɸɛɟɪ-

ɰɵ: ɂɡɞ-ɜɨ ɊɌȺ, 2009. – ɋ. 145.

108

ɩɪɟɞɩɨɫɵɥɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɜ ɬ.ɱ. ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɡɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɵ);

–ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɋɍɊ, ɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɭɹɡɜɢɦɵɟ ɦɟɫɬɚ;

–ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɥɢɰɚɯ (ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ, ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ), ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ, ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɳɢɯ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɸɳɢɯ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɟɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɢ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ;

–ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɹɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɫɥɭɠɛ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɫɜɨɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɟ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ, ɫ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ, ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɢ, ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɳɢɦɢ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɢ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ.

ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɢɫɬɨɜ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɸɬ ɢ ɝɨɬɨɜɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ. ȿɫɥɢ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɟ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ, ɬɨ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ, ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɣ ɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ «ɞɪɭɠɟɫɤɢɟ» ɢɥɢ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɢɤɚɦɢ, ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɢɤɚɦɢ, ɱɥɟɧɚɦɢ ɢɯ ɫɟɦɟɣ ɢ ɛɥɢɡɤɢɦɢ, ɚ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɢ

ɜɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɭɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɥɢɰɚ, ɱɶɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɯ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɨ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɢɫɬɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɩɨɫɨɛɧɢɤɨɜ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɨɩɪɨɜɟɪɠɢɦɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢ ɛɵ ɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɟ ɤ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ ɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɫɟɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ, ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɵɯ ɭɦɵɫɟɥ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ (ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ, ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ

ɨɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ).

ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ, ɜ ɬ.ɱ. ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɫ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɎɋȻ, ɆȼȾ ɢ ɎɋɄɇ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɢɡɦɚ ɢ ɞɭɛɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɢɥ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɈɊȾ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɪɟɲɢɬɶɡɚɞɚɱɭ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɭɩɪɟɠɞɚɸɳɟɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɚ-

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ɛɚɧɞɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɢɟ ɫɪɨɤɢ ɢ ɫ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɢɦɢ ɡɚɬɪɚɬɚɦɢ ɫɢɥ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ.

ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɭɫɢɥɢɹ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɢɬɶ:

–ɈɊɉ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ, ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɢ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɎɋȻ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɩɭɧɤɬɚɯ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ – ɜɩɭɧɤɬɟ ɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ, ɜ ɮɢɪɦɚɯ, ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɯ, ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯ ɢ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ, ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɬɨɪɝɨɜɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ (ȼɌȾ), ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɚ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɯ (ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɚɯ) ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ;

–ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɎɋȻ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɈɊɉ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɆȼȾ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɢɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɪɚɣɨɧɚɯ – ɧɚ ɜɫɟɣ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ (ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ, ɤɪɚɹ) ɜɮɢɪɦɚɯ, ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɯ, ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯɢɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ, ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɯɫɹɨɬɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ, ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɟɥɹɦɢɢɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɱɢɤɚɦɢɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɟɦɵɯɱɟɪɟɡɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ;

–ɢɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɎɋȻ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɈɊɉ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɆȼȾ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɢ ɈɊɉ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧ – ɜ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɢɦɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ (ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ, ɱɚɫɬɧɵɟ ɮɢɪɦɵ, ɫɤɥɚɞɵ, ɨɩɬɨɜɵɟ ɛɚɡɵ, ɪɵɧɤɢ, ɝɚɪɚɠɢ, ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ, ɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɟ ɰɟɧɬɪɵ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.), ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɯ (ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɯ), ɝɞɟ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɧɚɬɨɜɚɪɵ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɥɹɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɚ (ɢɦɩɨɪɬɚ);

–ɈɊɉ ɎɋɄɇ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ – ɜ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ (ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɯ) ɧɟɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɤɨɜ, ɧɚ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɚɯ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɥɢɰ, ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɪɤɨɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɢɯ ɧɟɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɦ, ɜ ɬ.ɱ. ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɵɦ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ.

ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɟ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚ ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɎɋȻ, ɆȼȾ, ɎɋɄɇ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɪɚɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɪɹɞɨɜ, ɢɯ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɢɟ,

ɚɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɸ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɜɩɭɧɤɬɟɩɪɨɩɭɫɤɚɱɟɪɟɡɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ.

ɍɤɚɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɪɨɡɵɫɤɧɵɯ ɦɟɪ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ:

–ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɚ ɦɟɫɬɚɦɢ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɬɨɜɚɪɨɜ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɥɹɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹɢɦɩɨɪɬɧɵɯɢɥɢɷɤɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ;

–ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɚ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ, ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɢ, ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɳɢɦɢ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɬɨɜɚɪ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɟɝɨ ɤ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ;

–ɨɩɪɨɫ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɫɢɥɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɬɚɦɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ (ɢɥɢ) ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɈɊȾ ɥɢɰ, ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜ ȼɌȾ, ɜ ɩɨɥɟ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɝɥɢ ɩɨɩɚɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɛɚɧɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɜɚɪɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ;

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