Говорим и пишем по-английски правильно. Учебно-методическое пособие

6.Chris read a book and made notes from time to time.

7.Victoria sat on the sofa and listened to music.

8.Isabel talked to her dad and thought about her exams.

9.Jack read the novel and imagined its main character.

10.Sarah looked at John and recalled their yesterday’s talk.

81

UNIT V

A TEACHER’S ROLE IN TODAY’S WORLD

Is it hard to be a teacher today?

Do you think this profession is rewarding?

Task174.Whatdoesitmeantobeaschoolteacher?Whatdoesthisjobimply?Choose the word combinations below to express your idea. Begin your answer with one of the phrases in the box.

I’m sure that being a school teacher means to … I think that being a school teacher means to …

82

Task 176. Study the vocabulary. Learn it by heart.

1) a multifaceted role – многогранная роль

2) tointegrateknowledgeintoone’slife–применятьполученноезнаниевсвоейжизни

3) to tune into – быть в курсе событий; следить за …

4) to wear multiple hats – совмещать обязанности

5) to ensure – гарантировать; ручаться

6) to develop skills – развивать умения

7) formative years – годы становления; годы формирования личности

8) to prepare lessons and test papers – разрабатывать уроки и контрольные работы

9) to carry the role of smb – исполнять роль кого-то 10) to deal with the problems – решать проблемы

Task 177. Read the text about the role of a teacher.

A Teacher’s Role in the Modern World

The role of a teacher today is much different than it used to be. Teachers used to be told what to teach, and how to teach it. They were expected to use the same methods of teaching for all pupils. In today’s world of education, a teacher’s role is quite multifaceted. Their job is to counsel pupils, help them to learn how to use their knowledge and integrate it into their lives so they will be valuable members of society. Teachers must tune into how each individual pupil learns, and try to inspire them to learn.

A teacher’s role involves more than simply standing in front of a classroom and lecturing. In fact, even though a teacher spends the majority of the day in the classroom, the actual teaching component is only a part of the job. An effective teacher understands that teaching is wearing multiplehats.Healwaysmustensurethattheschooldayrunssmoothlyandallstudentsreceive a quality education.

The role of a teacher changes depending upon the form in which they teach. A kindergarten teacherdevelopsskillsthatarenecessarytoexcelandprogress.Primaryschoolteachersplayan important role in the development of pupils. Primary school teachers are often the sole source of a pupil’s learning experience. What pupils learn in their formative years can shape how they are in the future. The role of a teacher in the intermediate forms includes teaching specific information about a particular subject.

A typical school teacher helps pupils to apply concepts, such as Maths, English, and Science throughclassroominstructionandpresentations.Hisroleisalsotopreparelessons,testpapers, managetheclassroom,meetwithparents,andworkcloselywithschoolstaff.Beingateacheris much more than just executing lesson plans, in today’s world a teacher’s role is a multifaceted profession; they carry the role of a parent, class disciplinarian, mentor, counselor, bookkeeper, role model, planner and many more.

Asidefromtheprimaryroleoflessonplanningandclassroominstruction,teachersaretaking on other roles in education. They are:

workingwithpoliticians,colleagues,andcommunitymemberstosetclearandobtainable standards• for our pupils;

participating in making decisions that helps to deal with the problems that affect our pupils• learning;

• mentoring new teachers and getting them ready to teach the youth of today4.

4 См. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-the-role-of-a-teacher-2081511

83

Task 178. Find the vocabulary words from exercise V in the text. Mention the context.

Task 179. Give English equivalents. Make your own sentences with the following

phrases.

1) вразумлять, поучать, читать лекцию

2) принимать решение

3) применять идеи

4) являться наставником молодых педагогов

5) тесно сотрудничать с педагогическим коллективом

6) совмещать обязанности

7) применять полученное знание в своей жизни

8) быть в курсе событий

9) получать качественное образование

10) устанавливать стандарты

Task 180. Fill in the gaps with the proper verbs from the box. Put the verbs into the correct grammar form. Translate the sentences.

Task 181. Insert prepositions where it is necessary.

… today’s world a teacher’s role is a multifaceted profession.

1. Teachers have to tune … how each individual pupil learns, and try … inspire them … learn2. . The role … a teacher changes depending … the form in which they teach.

3. A teacher’s role is also to prepare lessons, test papers, manage the classroom, meet … parents,4. and work closely … school staff.

Teachers participate … making decisions that helps to deal … the problems that affect … our5.pupils learning.

Teachers work … politicians, colleagues, and community members to set clear and obtainable6. standards … their pupils.

Aside … the primary role of lesson planning and classroom instruction, teachers are taking7. … other roles in education.

84

… fact, even though a teacher spends the majority of the day … the classroom, the actual teaching8. component is only a part … the job.

A typical school teacher helps pupils … apply concepts, such as Maths, English, and Science9. classroom instruction and presentations.

10. Some… people think that a teacher’s role is standing … front … a classroom and lecturing.

Task 182

A.A typical school teacher has got a lot of duties. What duties are the hardest? What duties are less important? What other duties can you remember?

B.Write an-email to your friend. Say whether you like or not your future profession of a teacher and explain him/her why you decided to choose it.

Teacher’s duties

1) to plan lessons that teach specific subjects;

2) to teach whole groups, or a small group the lessons that they have prepared; 3) to assess and evaluate pupil’s abilities (strengths and weaknesses);

4) to prepare pupils for standardized tests;

5) to communicate pupils’ progress to parents;

6) to develop and enforce classroom rules;

7) to supervise children during extracurricular activities (lunch, playground, etc.); 8) to conduct in-class activities;

9) to plan field trips.

Task 183. Answer the questions.

1. Doestheroleofamodernschoolteacherdifferfromtheteacher’sroleinthepast?What were teachers expected to do before?

2. The text says that a teacher’s role is quite multifaceted. Can you prove it?

3. Do you think the teaching process takes the most part of the day? Why?

4. What does it mean “to be an effective teacher”?

5. What is the role of a kindergarten teacher?

6. What is the role of a primary school teacher?

7. What is the role of a teacher in the intermediate forms?

8. What does it mean “to be a typical school teacher”?

9. What other roles should a teacher carry?

10. What should a teacher do aside from the educational process?

Task 184. Translate into English.

1. В современном мире профессия учителя является многогранной.

2. Учителядолжныбытьвкурсетого,какучатсяихподопечные.Ониручаютсязато, что школьный день проходит гладко, и все получают качественное образование.

3. Типичный школьный учитель разрабатывает уроки, контрольные работы, отвечает за кабинет, встречается с родителями и тесно сотрудничает с педагогическим коллективом.

85

4.Иногда учителям приходится исполнять роль родителя, того, кто контролирует дисциплину в классе, воспитателя, куратора, счетовода, а также являться примером для подражания.

5.Учителям приходится решать проблемы, которые влияют на процесс обучения.

Task 185. Discuss the following questions.

1. Is it easy to be a school teacher? Why?

2. What people should become teachers? What features should they have?

3. What is “the best teacher” for you?

4. Would you like to be a teacher? Why?

5. Imagine you are a school teacher. Describe yourself.

Task 186. Speak about the role of a school teacher. Mention teacher’s duties. Use your vocabulary. Express your personal opinion about teaching as a career.

Task 187. Focus on the following information.

Participle II

Причастие II

ПричастиеIIявляетсястрадательнымпричастием,образуемымтолькоотпереходных глаголов, и соответствует русскому страдательному причастию прошедшего времени, обозначая законченное действие, выполненное над каким-либо объектом. По своему значению оно выражает результат этого действия (как признак или состояние).

e.g.: Confused by the question, Kate didn’t answer anything. – Смущенная вопросом Кейт не могла ничего ответить.

Asent articlewastoodifficulttounderstand.–Присланнуюстатьюбылосложнопонять. Though tired, John. came to congratulate me. – Хоть Джон и был уставшим, он пришел

меня поздравить

Participle II выполняет следующие основные синтаксические функции:

86

Task 188. State the syntactical function of Participle II. Translate the sentences into

Russian.

1. He will certainly come if asked.

2. The film shown in all central cinemas was worth seeing.

3. You can get the book recommended in the library.

4. This is the novel so much spoken about.

5. The topics discussed at the lesson are often very difficult.

6. The method followed by our scientists was not simple.

7. The article written by that student is very important.

8. Frightened by the horror movie, Mike and John turned on all the lights in the house. 9. Victoria collected all her pictures taken during their honey-moon and put them in an

album.

10. A movie watched by Liz yesterday was pretty complex.

11. When given time to think, Tom always answered well.

12. The answer received from her greatly surprised us.

Task 189. Fill in the gaps with Participle II.

1. Samantha looked ________ (annoy).

2. Pictures ____________ (paint) by Picasso usually sell for millions of pounds.

3. Jessica couldn’t agree to her friend’s suggestion, though ________ (move) deeply by his words.

4. ____________ (shock) by the explosion, the people ran for shelter.

5. The umbrella, ____________ (find) at the bus stop, belongs to Mrs. Johnson.

6. Champagne, ___________ (produce) in France, is exported all over the world.

7. The car, ________ (park) by the entrance, belongs to the director.

8. This is a vegetarian restaurant. None of the dishes __________ (serve) here contain meat or fish.

9. TheHarryPotterbooks,___________(write)byJ.K.Rowling, haveallbeenmadeintofilms. 10. I need a list of goods _____________ (sell) yesterday.

Task190.JointhesesentencesusingParticipleIIinthefunctionofanattribute.Follow

the model:

e.g.: Kate washed the linen. It hung on the rope. → The washed linen hung on the rope. 1. The child broke a cup was lying on the floor.

2. Liz closed the book. It was lying on the desk.

3. The leaves faded. They fell to the ground.

87

4.We decorated the fir-tree. It looked very beautiful.

5.The article was rejected. It was returned to the author for revision.

6.Julia lost her passport. It was returned to her in a fortnight’s time.

7.The flowers withered. They were standing on the table in the dining room.

8.The girl broke a vase. It was lying on the floor.

9.Victoria ironed her blouse. It hung in her room.

10.Stanley closed the journal. It was lying on the desk.

Task 191

A. Replace the attributive clauses by phrases with Participle II in the function of an

attribute.

e.g.: All the paintings that were exhibited yesterday belonged. to the French artist. → All the

paintingsThexhibited yesterday belonged to the French artist

1. great majority of examples which are included in this book are typical of spoken English.

2. The list which is given on page 258 includes books that you should read in summer.

3. The key to exercises which is provided at the end of the book makes it suitable for students working on their own.

4. The aim which is set in this book is to provide a variety of material for students who study English.

5. The suggestion which was made by our lecturer was accepted by everybody.

6. All the toys that were displayed in the shop window attracted the child’s attention.

7. The Smiths live in the house which was built last year.

8. Clara received the telegram which was sent yesterday.

9. The decisions which were adopted at the conference are supported by many scientists.

10. The machines which are made at our plant are exported to Poland.

B. Join the sentences using Participle II according to the model:

The story was a failure. It. was written by an American writer. → The story written by an

1.Thewriterfilm wasaagreatfailuresuccess. It was released last month.

2.The concert must be postponed. It was planned for tonight.

3.The medicine was bitter. It was prescribed for his cough.

4.The papers were lying on the desk. They were brought by our secretary.

5.The novel turned out to be very dull. It was recommended to me by Michel.

6.The flowers have already faded. They were bought 4 days ago.

7.The room was large enough. It was furnished rather simply.

8.The book was returned to the library. It was lost by our monitor.

9.The stamps were beautiful. They were collected by my niece.

10.The novel was a success. It was written by F.S. Fitzgerald.American

Task 192. Answer the following questions. Use the verbs in brackets in the form of

Participle II.

e.g.: How do you like your fish? (fry) – I like it fried.

88

1.How do you like your eggs? (boil)

2.How do you prefer your meat? (roast)

3.How do you like your fruit? (stew)

4.How do you like your chicken? (roast)

5.How do you prefer your vegetables? (boil)

6.How do you like your potatoes? (mash)

7.How do you like your eggs? (fry)

8.How do you prefer your hair? (curl)

9.How do you like your hair? (wave)

10.How do you like your shirts? (starch)

1Task. In193five. Insertminutes,Participlewe wereIinortheParticiplemiddle ofIIaof the verbs(heat)in bracketsdiscussion. .

2. The boy __________ (play) in the garden is my nephew.

3. You can get the book ____________ (recommend) by our lecturer in the library.

4. A person ___________ (bring) good news is always welcome.

5. A million dollars worth of jewellery ________ (belong) to the President’s wife has been stolen.

6. The books _________ (lie) on the desk belong to me.

7. The article __________ (publish) in this journal was written by my sister. 8. ____________ (decorate) with lights, the house looked beautiful.

9. _____________ (walk) along the road, I saw a snake.

10. A woman __________ (wear) a blue hat opened the door.

11. The leaves __________ (lie) on the ground reminded us of autumn.

12. All the toys ___________ (display) in the shop window attracted the child’s attention.

13. If you think you have received an e-mail __________ (contain) a virus, you should delete it immediately.

14. The girl _____________ (wave) at me is my niece.

15. The new shampoo _______________ (advertise) on TV is very expensive.

Task 194. Focus on the following information.

Adjectival Participles

Адъективированные причастия

Причастие I используется для описания кого-то или чего-то, что осуществляет действие или вызывает то или иное чувство (становится причиной чувства).

e.g.: frightening news (пугающие новости) = the news that frightens (новости, которые пугают);

anastonishingsuccess(удивительныйуспех)=thesuccessthatastonishessomeone(успех,

который кого-то удивляет).

Причастие II, в свою очередь, используется для описания чьих-либо чувств; для того, чтобы показать, что что-то произошло с описываемым субъектом/объектом.

e.g.: afrightenedman(испуганныймужчина)=amanwhohasbeenfrightenedbysomething or someone (мужчина, который был испуган чем-то или кем-то);

an astonished person. (удивленный человек) = a person who is astonished (человек,

который удивлен)

89

Task 195. Translate the following sentences from English into Russian.

1. The film is boring. Let’s stop watching it.

2. Liz is bored of her job. She wants to find another one.

3. It’s an amusing story. You should read it.

4. Theo was very amused at the story.

5. All the instructions were confusing.

6. Steven was very confused about his feelings.

7. It was all very frightening to a small boy.

8. Jessica is rather frightened of dogs.

9. Sandra was quite astonished at Robert’s rudeness.

10. C. Monet’s painting was sold at auction for an astonishing $ 30 million.

Task 196. Make collocations using adjectival participles. Explain the meaning of the

impressing

90