Говорим и пишем по-английски правильно. Учебно-методическое пособие

7.If we had left later, we would have missed the train.

8.If she had gone to Spain with us, we would have had lots of fun.

9.If they had known about your problems, they could have helped you.

10.I might have finished the work in time if I had planned my day more carefully.

Task 48. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.

e.g.: I (to visit) Simon two weeks ago if I (to know) that he was ill. – If I had visited Simon two

weeks ago, I would have known he was ill.

1. If you (to go) with me to London last summer, you (to see) Westminster Abbey too.

2. You (not to get wet) if you (to take) your umbrella.

3. If Molly (not to open) the windows, the bedroom (not to be) full of mosquitoes.

4. Nora (not be) so tired this morning if she (to go to bed) early last night.

5. If Bill (to study) harder, we (may / to pass) the final test.

6. If I (not to forget) Nina’s number, I (to phone) her.

7. If Mary (to try) to explain me something, I (to understand) it.

8. If my best friend (to be) here, he (to enjoy) this.

9. If Patrick (to work) more, he (can/save) some money.

10. We (not to be) late if we (to take) a taxi.

11. Sally (not to work) in the café all her youth if she (to graduate) from the university.

12. If Tom (not to help) us, we (to fail) our entrance exams.

13. If you (not to be) so rude to him, he (not to get) offended.

14. If I (to buy) those shoes yesterday, I (to spend) all my money.

15. If Bob (not to hesitate), he (to get) control of the situation.

Task 49. Translate into English.

1. Если бы она поехала со мной в Нью-Йорк в прошлом году, то тоже увидела бы Статую Свободы.

2. Я бы не промокла, если бы ты взял с собой зонт.

3. Питер не был бы таким уставшим на совещании, если бы рано лег спать прошлой ночью.

4. Дина не совершила бы эту ошибку, если бы у нее было больше времени, чтобы подготовиться.

5. Бабушка приехала бы, если бы не опоздала на автобус.

6. Если бы начальник сказал мне о встрече, я бы пришла вчера. 7. Элла бросила бы университет, если бы она и Том поженились? 8. Если бы Лиза не упала с лошади, она бы не сломала ногу.

Task 50. Complete the Conditional Sentences with the correct form. Focus on the time reference.

1A.. If you (to arrive) in time, nothing terrible (to happen).

2. If I (to be) in your shoes, I (to celebrate).

3. If he (to live) here, this garden (to be) very different.

4. If I (to know), I (to come) sooner. But I had no idea.

5. If people (not to have) mobile phones, their life (not to be) complete.

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6.We (to arrive) earlier if we (not to miss) the bus.

7.If Tim (not to be) so stubborn, he (to find) it a lot easier to make friends.

8.Sam did not tell us he was going to come. He (to tell) us if he (to have) our telephone number.

9.Our world (to be) a wonderful place if people (to be) a little kinder to each other.

10.The beefsteak was not good. It (to taste) much better if Mona (to put) some spices on it.

1B.. If I (to win) the jackpot, I (to buy) a huge white yacht.

2. People (to swim) in this bay if there (not to be) so many sharks there.

3. If Robert (not to break) his leg, he (to take part) in the competition. Unfortunately, he missed everything.

4. If Bill (not to switch off) the light, Dona (not to fall down) the stairs.

5. You (to be) very stupid if you (to tell) her your secret. She is a gossiper.

6. Kate (to find) her green shoes if she (to look) under the bed but she did not.

7. If the reporter (to speak) loudly, everybody (to understand) what he is trying to say.

8. The zookeeper (not to fine) the old man if he (not to feed) the animals.

9. The teacher (not to call) Mark’s parents if he (to pass) his mid-term test.

10. Michel (to find) some orange juice if he (to look) in the fridge.

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UNIT IV

THE INTERNET IN OUR LIFE. PART II

Are you an active user of social networking sites?

What social networking sites do you prefer? Why?

1)Taska51dating. Studysitethe– сайтvocabularyзнакомств. Learn it by heart. Get ready for a quiz.

2) to exchange different types of information – обмениваться разными видами информации

3) to make new acquaintances – заводить новые знакомства; знакомиться с новыми людьми

4) to keep important information – хранить важную информацию

5) to discuss pressing issues – обсуждать актуальные вопросы 6) in the comfort of one’s home – не выходя из дома

7) social networking addiction – зависимость от социальных сетей; интернетзависимость

8) to create a group chat – создать беседу в группе; создать групповой чат

9) to post information – отправлять информацию 10) to share photos and videos – делиться фото и видео

11) to launch a videoconference – запустить видеоконференцию 12) a single click of a mouse – простое нажатие мышки

13) tosufferfromthelackoflivecommunication–страдатьотнехваткиживогообщения 14) leakage of information – утечка информации

15) to be protected with a safe password – быть защищенным надежным паролем

Task 52. Read the text and translate it into Russian.

In recent years, socialSocialmediaNetworkinghave become deeplySitesintegratedOur Lifeinto our everyday lives. The concept of social media itself includes several categories: blogs, live journals, forums, chats, dating sites and, of course, social networking sites or SNS. Essentially, they all are platforms for people’s remote communication. People can exchange different types of information: text messages, music, photo and video content. The most popular with the young people are such social networking sites as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, VKontakte and many others.

On the one hand, a social network is a very convenient tool for a quick message exchange, searching for old friends and making new acquaintances, keeping important information and discussing pressing issues in groups, right in the comfort of one’s home. On the other hand, psychologists and psychiatrists of the world ring alarm bells: social networking addiction too often becomes the cause of serious mental and nervous disorders, such as depression, social isolation, autism, and even suicide attempts of teenagers and young people. Social networking sites can be both useful and dangerous depending on who and how uses them. They have both advantages and disadvantages.

First and foremost, social networking sites are very convenient for those who need to keep in touch with people living in different cities or different countries. Using such a site you can quickly create a group chat, send necessary files to several people, share photos and videos, or even launch a videoconference. And all this is absolutely free!

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Social networks can become a great solution for people with disabilities or those who for somereasonhavetostayathomeallthetime.Insomesituations,theycancompletelysubstitute areal-lifecommunicationandhelpsuchpeoplenottofeellonelyorsociallyisolated.Numerous special interest groups let them find friends and interesting dialogue partners.

Sometimes social networking sites help to find really precious and useful information. In different groups, people from all over the world discuss various issues, share their personal experience, provide useful links, write comments and reviews for goods and services. Social networks give a great opportunity to distribute any information within the shortest possible time.ManypeopletodaylearnnewsfromSNS.Ifsomethingreallyimportanthappened,thebest way to inform people of this is to post the information to some popular Facebook groups.

Finally, thanks to social networking sites, you will never lose information about your friends and other important people. You don’t need to keep in mind their dates of birth and phone numbers any more. At any moment, you can check up this information via your smartphone. You will never lose your favourite films or music as well, because you can save them on your personal page with a single click of a mouse.

This was one side of the coin. Unfortunately, there is another one, which is not so bright. For a great number of children and teenagers social networks today have almost completely substituted real life. Some of them spend so much time online that the distinction between life and virtual reality for them becomes blurred. As a result, children suffer from the lack of live communication, though they even don’t realize it. It inevitably causes mental disorders, influences their health and spirits, and prevents their normal socialization.

Another major problem associated with social networking sites is leakage of information. Posting any personal information, you can never know for sure where it will reemerge. Anyone can use your personal photos, and in most cases, you cannot prevent it. Even if you think that your personal page is protected with a safe password, you are mistaken, because good hackers can break it at one stroke.

Moreover, apart from useful content, any social network contains tons of useless, hazardous anddangerousinformation,whichiseasilyaccessibletochildren.Violence,propagandaofdrugs and other forbidden content are regularly deleted by moderators. But this forbidden content appears again too quickly for them to cope with it.

Social networking sites could be rather useful if all the people used them for their intended purpose – for communicating, searching for friends and sharing information with them. Сaring parents should limit their children’s access to social media, and regularly check up their actions on the Internet. Otherwise, social networks can make a real harm to children’s and teenagers’ minds8.

Task 53. Find English equivalents in the text.

1) удаленное общение

2) текстовые сообщения

3) хранение важной информации

4) психологи и психиатры

5) попытки суицида

6) для людей с ограниченными возможностями

7) писать комментарии и обзоры для товаров и услуг

8) получать ответы от разных людей

9) предоставлять прекрасную возможность

8 См. https://www.native-english.ru/

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10)распространять информацию в кратчайший промежуток времени

11)узнавать новости из социальных сетей

12)благодаря социальным сетям

13)терять информацию о друзьях

14)держать в памяти даты рождения и номера телефонов

15)проверять информацию через смартфон (с помощью смартфона)

16)сохранять фильмы и музыку на личной странице

17)проводить так много времени в Интернете

18)расплывчатый, неясный, туманный

19)не осознавать что-либо

20)оказывать влияние на здоровье

Task 54. Change the underlined words and phrases to the words from the text.

1. Socialnetworkingsiteshelppeoplelivingindifferentcitiesandcountriestocommunicate.

2. People often send important information in some famous Facebook groups.

3. Social networks can be really harmful to children’s and teenagers’ minds.

4. TheInternetmadeitpossibleforpeopletocommunicatewitheachotherstayingathome.

5. In Facebook groups, young people often discuss urgent problems.

6. Psychologists raise a red flag about children’s addiction to the Internet.

7. It often causes serious mental and nervous disorders in children.

8. SomepeoplebelievethattheirpersonalpageontheInternetiskeptsafewithapassword.

9. Lots of people share valuable information on the Internet.

10. Psychologists believe that parents should restrain their children from surfing the net.

Task 55. Fill in the prepositions.

1. Social media have become deeply integrated … people’s everyday lives.

2. The most popular … the young people are Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, VKontakte and many others.

3. A social network is a very convenient tool … a quick message exchange.

4. Social networks can become a great solution … people … disabilities.

5. People can search for old friends and make new acquaintances, keep important information and discus pressing issues … groups, right … the comfort of their home.

6. … different groups people … all over the world discuss various issues and share their personal experience.

7. Thanks … social networking sites, you will never lose information … your friends and other important people.

8. People don’t need to keep … mind their dates … birth and phone numbers any more.

9. We can check up the information … our smartphone.

10. Children suffer … the lack of live communication.

Task 56. Say if the statements areopportunitytrue false. Prove it.

1. A social network gives a great for people to look for old friends, make new acquaintances and discuss pressing issues in groups, right in the comfort of their home.

2. Social networking addiction too often causes depression, social isolation, autism, and even suicide attempts among teenagers and young people.

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3.Social networking sites have only advantages.

4.Children who surf the net too often clearly realize that they suffer from the lack of live communication.

5.Fortunately, children don’t have a direct access to the useless, hazardous and dangerous information on the Internet.

6.Your personal page is protected with a safe password and you shouldn’t worry that somebody can break it. It’s impossible.

7.Leakage of information is one of the major social networking sites problems.

8.Social networking sites can be both useful and dangerous.

9.People can find valuable information tanks to social networking sites.

10.When a person posts any personal information, he/she should be sure that it won’t reemerge anywhere.

Task 57. Answer the questions to the text.

1. What categories does the concept of social media include?

2. Why do psychologists and psychiatrists ring alarm bells?

3. What is cyberbullying?

4. Why can social networking sites be both useful and dangerous for young people?

5. For what categories of people are such sites very convenient?

6. What is currently the best way to inform people if something really important has happened?

7. What are the main disadvantages of using social networking sites?

8. Do children suffer from the lack of live communication?

9. Doyouthinktheproblemofyour personalinformationleakageis veryurgentthesedays?

10. How can parents help their children so that their access to the Internet will be safe?

Task 58. Translate the following sentences into English. Use the vocabulary.

1. В Интернете люди могут обмениваться разными видами информации.

2. «ВКонтакте» является одним из самых популярных социальных сетей среди молодежи в России.

3. Благодарясоциальнымсетямлюдимогутзаводитьновыезнакомстваиобщаться друг с другом.

4. Социальные сети помогают многим людям хранить важную информацию.

5. В группах можно обсуждать актуальные вопросы и делиться полезной информацией.

6. К сожалению, интернет-зависимость может стать причиной серьезных нервных расстройств.

7. Психологи утверждают, что подростки порою страдают от нехватки живого общения.

8. Психологи советуют родителям ограничить своим детям доступ к Интернету.

Task 59. Write an essay on the pros and cons of surfing the net by teenagers.

L e t ’ s d o a b i t o f G r a m m a r

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Task 60. Focus on the following information.

Mixed Conditionals

Условные предложения смешанного типа

Временнаясоотнесенностьвглавномипридаточномпредложенияхсмешанноготипа может быть разной. Например:

Task 62. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.

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e.g.: If I (to win) the recent lottery, I (to travel) around the world. → If I had won the recent lottery,e.g.: I would travel around the world.

IfTim(tospeak)Turkish,he(totranslate)thatletterforyou.ButyouhadtoaskSam.→ If Tim spoke Turkish, he would have translated that letter for you. But you had to ask Sam.

1A.. If we (not to forget) our camera at home, we (can / to take) pictures of this amazing castle.

2. If I (to be) rich, I (to buy) that red Ferrari we saw yesterday.

3. If Michael (not to be) so lazy, he (to pass) that test.

4. If Jim (to take) Spanish in high school, I (to have) more job opportunities.

5. If I (to be) born in the UK, I (not to need) a visa to work there.

6. If he (to sign up) for the ski trip last month, he (to join) us tomorrow.

7. If Nina (to be) more diligent, she (to finish) her degree at the university.

8. If my little sister (not to be) afraid of spiders, I (to bring) my collection of spiders from Africa.

9. If Don (not to waste) his savings gambling in Las Vegas, he (to go) to Miami with us next week.

10. If John (to take) an aspirin, he (not to have) a terrible headache now.

11. If the climate here (not to be) so hot, my parents (to move) here a long time ago.

12. If I (not to trust) James, I (to sack) him a month ago.

13. If Tina (not to miss) her flight, she (to be) in Paris now.

14. If I (to go) with Tom and Nina, I (not be) so lonely now!

15. If Henry (to quit) his job, he (not have) enough money to live in California.

1B.. If she (to have) a better command of French, she (to accept) the job offer from Elite Model Management. She could become a very famous model.

2. If I (to move) to California ten years ago, I (may / to be) rich and happy now.

3. Kate (to be upset) now if you (to tell) her truth about her boyfriend.

4. If I (can / to swim) well, I (to win) the first prize, but I came last.

5. Tom (to buy) some paintings at the last auction if he (can / to appreciate) art.

6. If I (to love) America, I (to visit) already New York and Boston.

7. If we (not to watch) the late movie on TV, we (to feel) much better today.

8. Rita (not to be) so unfriendly to John if he (not to ignore) her in the past.

9. If Sam (to lock) his car last night, he (not to have) to call the police to report it had been stolen!

10. The football team (not to be) so late if their plane (to take off) on time.

11. If Martha (to be) a good cook, she (to cook) the dinner for the guests. But she is a bad one, so we had to order the meal.

12. We (to visit) all the picturesque places of Yorkshire long time ago if we (to live) there.

13. They (to be married) now if he (to propose) to her in winter.

14. If Bill (to love) sweets, he (to try) Molly’s chocolate pie. It was very tasty.

15. If it (not to be) dangerous to stay here, we (to book) a room beforehand.

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Task 63. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form.

1. If Jerry (to finish) his report yesterday, he (to be) free today.

2. If Dina (not to be) so ambitious, she (not to reach) for more.

3. If his family (to move) to the USA when he was 6 years old, his English (to be) perfect now.

4. If Sam (to save) for 5 years, he (to be able) to buy a little cottage this year.

5. If my son (to enter) the university in 2014, he (to graduate) from it this year.

6. If Molly’s family (to have) more money, she (to need) to work at the weekends last year.

7. If Susan (to be) afraid of flying, she (not to travel) by train when she was young.

8. If Bill (to catch) that plane to Berlin, he (to be) with his family now.

9. IfMark(tolose)hisbusiness,hisfamily(may/tobe)introuble.Fortunately,hemanaged to cope with all the difficulties.

10. Lots of people (can / to be) millionaires now if they (to invest) in ABC Plumbing.

11. If I (to learn) to dance when I was a child, I (may / to be) a professional dancer now.

12. We (not to hire) a tutor for Michael if he (to be) prone to mathematics.

13. If this book (not to be) so interesting, I (not to spend) the whole night, trying to finish it.

14. If Robert (not to sell) his farm last year, he (can / to open) a horse club for children.

15. If John and I (not to quarrel) at that party, I (to invite) him for dinner tonight.

Task 64. Use the words in brackets to complete the sentences below with the

appropriate form.

e.g.:Shehaschangedsomuch!(tomeet,torecognize)→Ifyoumether,youwouldnotrecognize

here..g.: Tom told Emma the truth and made her upset. Tom would not… (to get upset, to keep silence)e.g.: . – If Tom had kept silence, Emma wouldn’t have got upset.

People are not worried about the recent robberies in the area because the police have started regularly patrolling it. But people… (to be worried, to start patrolling). → But people woulde.g.:be worried if the police hadn’t started patrolling the area.

Professor Robertson talked so much about the Incas because he is an expert on American tribal groups. But he… (to talk, to be). → But he wouldn’t have talked so much if he weren’t an

expert on American tribal groups.

1. Our plane to Chicago is late. If it… (to be foggy, to be delayed).

2. Can you help me to solve this problem? If you… (to help, to be thankful for).

3. Michaelisnotgoingtocometodinnertonightbecausehisbrotherinsultedhimyesterday.

But he… (to come, to insult).

4. Liza is unhappy because she gave up her career when she got married. But she… (to be happy, to give up).

5. Dr.SchwarzdecidednottotaketheresearchgrantatOxfordbecauseheisgoingtospend next 8 months in Tahiti. But he… (to take, to be going to).

6. Rob is unemployed now because he had a disagreement with his boss. But he… (to be, to have).

7. Tina speaks Japanese fluently because she lived in Japan for twelve years. But she… (to speak, to live).

8. I will not help Bill prepare for his written test because he has spent the last three weeks partying and wasting time. But I… (to help, to spend).

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9.Ella and Bob are not going snowboarding with us this winter because they just had a baby. But they… (to be going, to have).

10.I am tired out, so I will not go with Susan to the movies tonight. But if I… (to be, to go).

11.James was not worried about the conference on Tuesday because he was not giving a speech. But he… (to worry, to give).

12.Lionel is not going to the graduation ceremony because he broke his arm skiing last week. But Lionel… (to be going, to break).

Task 65. Translate into English.

1A.. Яуверен,чтоснейвсевпорядке.ЕслибыДжейнбылабольна,еемамасказалабы мне об этом вчера.

2. Если бы ты купил в магазине яйца вчера вечером, мы бы сейчас на завтрак могли приготовить омлет.

3. Если бы моя сестра не была такой талантливой, родители не купили бы ей это австрийское пианино.

4. Если бы мой телефон не был сломан, я бы позвонил тебе вчера.

5. Салли работала бы сейчас в Италии, если бы подписала контракт с компанией «Кока-Кола» в прошлом месяце.

6. Ты бы знал о взрыве, если бы утром посмотрел новости.

7. Ты бы не замерзла вчера на прогулке, если бы твое пальто было теплым.

8. Джон ездил бы сейчас на желтом Шевроле Камаро, если бы не продал его в прошлом месяце.

1B.. Если бы он не увлекался роком, то не купил бы билет на концерт группы Ария . 2. Мы бы хорошо знали английский язык, если бы чаще посещали занятия« , когда»

учились в университете.

3. Анна еще вчера приехала бы домой, если бы погода была хорошая. Дождь идет целую неделю.

4. У тебя сейчас не болела бы голова, если бы ты утром выпил таблетку. 5. Я бы давно починил этот стул, если бы он мне был нужен.

6. Ты бы мне тогда поверила, если бы хорошо знала меня.

7. Утебясейчаснебылобыпростуды,еслибытынепромокдонитки,гуляявпарке. 8. Майкл знал бы, что сейчас делать, если бы тогда последовал моему совету.

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