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Говорим и пишем по-английски правильно. Учебно-методическое пособие

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9.Ted thinks that he will go to Michel’s birthday party.

10.Liz thinks she will enter Cambridge University.

Task 133. Focus on the pattern and transform the following sentences using gerund.

TO BE LOOKING + FORWARD TO + DOING SMTH

e..g.: I want very much to get a letter from you. I’m looking forward to getting a letter from

you1. I want very much to visit the exhibition of French impressionists. 2. She wants very much to go to the country.

3. Steve wants very much to see this wonderful performance.

4. Liz wants very much to become a student of this university.

5. She wants very much to see him again.

6. Samantha wants very much to read the new book about Harry Potter.

7. She wants very much to go to Turkey.

8. We want very much to see Mrs. Johnson.

9. Kate wants very much to join our team.

10. Mark wants very much to find out the results of the final test.

Task 134. Focus on the pattern and transform the following sentences using gerund.

TO BE SORRY + FOR + doing / NOT DOING SOMETHING

e.g.: I am sorry that I broke your favourite vase. I’m sorry for breaking your favourite vase.

I am sorry that I did not tell you about it. I am sorry for not telling you about it.

1. I am sorry that I shouted at you yesterday.

2. I am sorry that I came late.

3. I am sorry that I quarrelled with Jane.

4. I am sorry that I threw a towel on the floor.

5. I am sorry that I said all that yesterday.

6. I am sorry I didn’t help you yesterday.

7. I’m sorry that I didn’t call you yesterday.

8. I am sorry that I didn’t help you with your new project.

9. I am sorry that I didn’t wish you happy birthday.

10. I’m sorry that I didn’t answer your letter.

Task 135. Focus on the pattern and transform the following sentences using gerund.

e.g.:

TO BE PROUD OF + BEING SMB / DOING SMTH

1. TomworksI am his studentwithprofessorCollins. I’m proud of it. .IHeamisproudofofbeingit. his student.

2. He is a general’s son. He is proud of it.

3. Liz studies at Harvard University. She is proud of it.

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4.Tina works as a film director. She is proud of it.

5.Charles is Tina’s close friend. He is proud of it.

6.Regina works as a lecturer at Oxford University. She’s proud of it.

7.Alex is a major of police. He’s proud of it.

8.He’s a mayor of a small town. He’s proud of it.

9.Michel passed all his final exams. He’s proud of it.

10.She graduated from Moscow State University. She’s proud of it.

Task 136. Combine the sentences using the gerund.

TO THANK SMB + FOR + DOING SMTH

e.g.: You. helped me to do my homework. I thank you. I thank you for helping me to do my

1.She gave me a dictionary. I thanked her for it.

2.The woman showed me the way to the bank. I thanked her for it.

3.He explained us this difficult grammar rule. We thanked him for it.

4.Julia passed me the salt. I thanked her for it.

5.Nick helped Julia to do a research. She thanked him for it.

6.They solved the problem quickly. We thanked them for it.

7.Samantha sent a letter to the agency. We thanked her for it.

8.John repaired my old TV set. I thanked him for it.

9.My sister bought me a new dress. I thanked her for it.

10.She teaches me French grammar. I thanked her for it.

11.The Smiths helped us to book the tickets. We thanked them for it.

12.Steve helped Julia to revise for her finals. She thanked him for it.

13.He gave me a lift. I thanked him for it.

14.The Smiths were punctual. I thanked them for it.

15.Liz did a book review. I thanked her for it.homework

Task 137

A. Focus on the pattern and transform the following sentences using gerund.

AFTER (BEFORE) + DOING SOMETHING

e.g.:Afterhefinishedschool,heworkedataplant.Afterfinishingschoolheworkedataplant. 1. After the students passed their final exams, they went to the café.

2. Before we moved to Saint-Petersburgh, we lived in Barnaul.

3. After Jessica wrote a letter, she came to the nearest post-office.

4. Before you cross the street, you must look to the left and then to the right.

5. I switched off the light in the hall before I left home.

6. After Alex studied for his seminar on Biology, he went for a walk.

7. Before you go to the dentist, brush your teeth.

8. Before you go for a walk with Kate, do your homework.

9. Before Scarlett called Jane to tell her about everything, she talked to Michel.

10. We met Jack after we walked about 3 miles.

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B. Use the gerund after the prepositions after and before according to the model:

Shall we discuss the play? (read / after) Yes, we’ll discuss the play after reading it.

1. Shall we read the play in the original? (go to the theatre / before)

2. Shall we read this article? (write an essay / before)

3. Shall we go to the café? (meet Michel / after)

4. Shall we go to the cinema? (pass our exams / after)

5. Shall we visit our friend Liz? (go to the supermarket / before)

6. Shall we discuss this problem? (talk to Samantha / after)

7. Shall we translate this text? (learn the new vocabulary / after)

8. Shall we go to the restaurant? (go to work / after)

9. Shall we talk to Chris? (go to the canteen / before)

10. Shallwegotothisexhibition?(learnsomeinformationabouttheartistandhispaintings/ after)

Gerund as Adverbial Modifier of Attendant Circumstances

Герундий в функции обстоятельства сопутствующего действия

На русский язык герундий в данной функции переводится деепричастием.

e.g.:Shecrossedtheroomwithouttakingnoticeofherfather.–Онапрошлачерезкомнату,

не заметив своего отца.

Task 138

A. Focus on the pattern and translate the sentences into Russian.

TO DO SMTH WITHOUT + DOING SMTH

1. The Smiths went home without waiting for us.

2. Liz left home without locking the door.

3. Samantha continued to talk without looking at us.

4. Jessica talked to her dad without noticing us.

5. Kate passed her exam in History without revising for it.

6. Victoria went home without saying goodbye to anybody.

7. Steven bought tickets to Vienna without saying it to his wife.

8. John went to work without having his breakfast.

B. Transform the following sentences using gerund.

e.g.: I translated the text. I didn’t use the dictionary. I translated the text without using the

dictionary.

1. Charlotte returned to Belfast. She didn’t say her parents about it.

2. They went to the cinema. They didn’t buy the tickets beforehand.

3. Sam passed his finals. He didn’t study for them.

4. Samantha went to Julia’s birthday party. She didn’t buy her a present.

5. Jack entered the room. He didn’t wake the baby.

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6.Samantha was looking at me for a long time. She didn’t answer my question.

7.We were walking for a long time. We didn’t speak.

8.Mark left the room. He didn’t say a word.

Task139.REVISION.ReadthefollowingsentencesandstatethefunctionoftheGerund.

Translate them into Russian.

1. It’s no use crying over spilt milk.

2. One of the quickest ways of travelling is going by plane.

3. On entering the conference hall Kate noticed that there were only a few people there.

4. I like hearing those words.

5. We discussed different methods of teaching foreign languages.

6. After saying this he left his room.

7. It’s worth discussing.

8. Have you got any reason for saying such a thing?

9. Theo left the room without waiting for a reply.

10. These books are worth buying.

11. When I entered the room, Sophia was busy translating an article.

12. Before leaving for Paris John called on his brother.

13. It’s very dull discussing the same thing from early morning till late at night.

14. We are all for accepting your suggestion.

15. We don’t like the idea of inviting the Smiths.

16. Mrs. Smith suspected the boy of deceiving her.

17. Such people are not worth speaking about.

18. Ted enjoys listening to music.

19. I’m looking forward to seeing you at the weekend.

20. After reading the letter, Scarlett changed her mind.

Task 140. Focus on the following information.

Gerund vs Infinitive

Есть ряд глаголов, после которых может употребляться как инфинитив, так и герундий без особых изменений в значении: begin, start, continue, intend.

e.g.: He began speaking / to speak. – Он начал говорить.

Еслиданныеглаголыиспользуютсявпредложениивдлительнойформе(Continuous), последующее действие выражается инфинитивом с частицей to.

e.g.: We’re continuing to make good progress. – Мы продолжаем делать успехи.

После данных фазовых глаголов последующие глаголы умственной деятельности understand,(а не герундияknow). и realize требуют своего оформления в виде инфинитива с частицей to

(* e.g.: I began to understand Kate )a bit better. – Я начал понимать Кейт немного лучше. I began understanding Kate better.

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Task 141. Focus on the following information.

 

 

 

следуеткосвенное

 

Еслипослетакихглаголов,какadvise,allow,encourage,permit,

 

to

.

дополнение, в предложении используется инфинитив c частицей

 

 

 

 

require

 

 

ADVISE + OBJECT + TO-INFINITIVE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

e.g.:

 

 

 

 

 

Sandraadvisedustobookahotelroominadvance.–Сандрапосоветоваланамзаранее

забронировать номер в отеле.

 

 

 

 

She doesn’t allow themto talk in class. – Она не позволяет им разг варивать на занятии.

Если после указанных выше глаголов косвенное дополнение отсутствует,

употребляется герундий.

ADVISE + GERUND

 

 

 

 

 

Sandra advised booking a hotel room in advance. – Сандра посоветовала заранее

забронировать номер в отеле.

 

 

e.g.:

 

 

 

She doesn’t allow talking in class. – Она не позволяет разговаривать на занятии.

Task 142. Fill in the gaps with Gerund or to-Infinitive.

1. They advise us ____________ (book) in advance.

2. They advise ______________ (book) in advance.

3. They require students __________ (register) in the electronic system of the library.

4. They require ____________ (register) in the electronic system of the library.

5. The dietician advised Kate not __________ (eat) between meals.

6. Dieticians advise not ______________ (eat) between meals.

7. Mrs. Smith allowed her son ________ (go) for a walk in the park.

8. Mrs. Smith allowed _______________ (go) for a walk.

9. Mr. Johnson encouraged his daughter ___________ (enter) Oxford University.

10. Mr. Johnson always encourages ___________ (enter) Oxford University.

11. They require hotel guests _________ (vacate) their rooms by twelve noon.

12. They don’t allow ________________ (talk) in the examination room.

13. They don’t allow students ____________ (talk) in the examination room.

14. This lecturer doesn’t permit ____________ (use) dictionaries during the exam.

15. The lecturer doesn’t permit students ___________ (use) dictionaries during the exam.

16. I won’t recommend you ____________ (enter) that university.

17. I won’t recommend _______________ (enter) that university.

18. His GP advised him ______________ (see) a specialist.

19. Mrs. Smith advised Liz not _________ (apply) for this course.

20. Mrs. Smith advised _________ (apply) for the course.

Task 143. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1А..

2.

3.

Яне советую тебе поступать в этот университет.

Ясоветую поступать в Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет. Он никому не разрешает открывать окно в гостиной.

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4.Он не разрешает открывать окна в доме.

5.Родители воодушевляют его быть лучшим в своем классе.

6.Он воодушевляет стремиться к лучшему.

7.Она посоветовала ему поговорить с Кейт.

8.Они посоветовали посетить эту великолепную выставку.

9.Он воодушевляет ее писать картину маслом.

10.Она не разрешает ей общаться с Джоном.

1В.. Извините, что я опоздал.

2. Извините, что мы не пришли вовремя. 3. Извини, что я не сказала тебе об этом. 4. Я с нетерпением жду нашей встречи.

5. Я с нетерпением ожидаю нашего с ней разговора.

6. Она с нетерпением ждет, когда они пойдут на выставку Н. Сафронова. 7. Мы с нетерпением ждем, когда мы посетим Лувр.

8. Я не могу подготовить доклад, не читая этих статей.

9. Я не могу тебе помочь, не знаю в чем причина твоей проблемы. 10. Она сдала экзамен по педагогике, не готовясь к нему.

11. Она ушла из дома, не закрыв дверь.

12. Мы не можем пойти в театр, не купив заранее билеты.

13. Вместо того, чтобы ехать к нему, вы можете ему позвонить.

14. Вместетого,чтобыпокупатьэтукнигув«Книжноммире»,явзялаеевбиблиотеке. 15. Вместо того, чтобы идти в театр, мы остались дома.

16. Вместо того, чтобы покушать дома, мы пошли в ресторан. 17. Вместо того, чтобы поехать за границу, мы остались в Москве. 18. Этот фильм следует посмотреть.

19. Этот роман стоит прочитать.

20. Стоит сходить на выставку современного искусства.

Task 144. Focus on the table.

Change in meaning

Изменение в значении

Infinitive

 

 

Gerund

 

 

 

 

 

Forget + to Inf.

Он забыл

 

Forget + Gerund

 

his seminar

I’ll never forget meeting Michel for the first time

He forgot to study for(= forget to do smth)

 

 

(= forget a past event)

подготовиться к семинару

. –

 

Я никогда не забуду, как встретила Майкла.

 

 

в первый раз

 

 

 

 

 

Remember + to Inf.

 

Remember + Gerund

 

I hope

you’ll

remember to revise for your

I don’t remember him ever studying for his

 

(=remember to do smth)

 

(= recall a past event)

finals Я надеюсь, ты не забудешь подгото-

seminars Я не помню, чтобы он когда-либо

виться. –

к экзамену

 

готовился. к своим семинарам

Mean + to Inf.

 

Лизнамеревается

Mean + Gerund

 

 

 

Chris won’t take any job if it means moving to

Lizmeanstostartanewlife(=intend to)

 

(=involve)

начать новую жизнь

.–

 

Canada Крис не возьмет никакую работу,

 

 

 

если это. не будет означать переезд в Канаду

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Go on + to Inf.

(=finish doing smth and start

Go on + Gerund

 

 

 

She went on doing her

projects till the early hours

 

 

 

(=continue)

 

projectandwentontodoanother

of the morning Она продолжала работать

Shefinishedone doing smth else)

 

 

 

 

Она завершила один проект и принялась за.

надсвоимипроектамидосамогораннегоутра

 

. –

 

 

другой

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Regret + to Inf.

 

Regret + Gerund

(= have second thoughts about

I regret to inform you

that your services are no

 

 

 

(=be sorry to)

 

 

longer required С сожалением сообщаем вам,

He regrets

saying all this Он сожалеет о том,

smth already done)

что мы больше. не нуждаемся в ваших услугах

что сказал все это

. –

 

Try + to Inf.

cholesterol food Старайся

Try + Gerund

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Try cutting down on fat. You might get thinner. –

Try to eat less high(=-

do one’s best; attempt)

 

 

(= do smth as an experiment)

употреблять в пищу меньше еды. с высоким

Попытайся сесть на диету. Может быть, ты

содержанием холестерина

 

похудеешь.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

tried to reach her

 

h m ,.but the line was busy

Why didn’t you try calling on her mobil ?

(=Why

(=I

 

 

attempt

 

 

 

Я

 

 

Почемутыне

 

 

попытался заст ть ее дома, но линия была

 

 

пытаешься

 

made an

 

 

 

 

to reach her at home) –

 

didn’t you call her on her mobile to see if you

занята.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

позвонить ей на мобильный телефон?

 

 

(=Я сделал попытку застать ее дома.)

(=Почему ты не попытаешься

позвонить ей

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

на мобильный телефон, узнать сможешь ли

 

Stop + to Inf.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stop + Gerund

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ты ее застать на месте?)

 

 

 

 

Марк

He stopped at the

shop to buy some flowers. – Он

Mark stopped behaving foolishly

 

 

(=pause temporarily)

 

прекратил глупо себя вести

 

 

.

 

остановился у магазина для того, чтобы

 

 

 

купить цветы

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

To be sorry + to Inf.

that your flight has been

To be sorry for + Gerund

 

 

 

 

 

I’m

sorry to tell you

 

Tom was sorry for hurting Kate’s feelings. – Том

 

(=feel regret about smth)

 

 

 

(=apologise for)

cancelled.–Ссожалениемсообщаемвамотом,

извинился за то, что ранил чувства Кейт

что ваш рейс отменен

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prefer + to Inf.

 

 

предпочту (=лучше)

Prefer Gerund to Gerund

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IpreferreadingtowatchingTV Япредпочитаю

I prefer to wait here (inЯparticular / now)

 

 

 

 

 

(in general)

подождать ее здесь. –

 

 

чтение книг просмотру телевизора

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

.–

 

 

 

Task 145. Translate the following sentences from English into Russian.

 

 

 

1.

I regret to say that your interview was not successful.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.

John really regrets being so rude to her.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.

Julia prefers staying in to going out.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.

I’d prefer to stay in tonight.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.

Michel regrets buying those expensive tickets now.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.

Kate remembered to buy a pen on the way to school.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7.

I remember locking the door when I left home.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8.

We tried to call Michel but his mobile was off.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9.

The scientist tried using different materials but none worked.

 

 

 

 

 

10. Liz will never forget travelling by plane for the first time.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11. Jessica forgot to buy a newspaper.

12. Sarah means to buy a new car soon.

13. Margarethe is determined to get a ticket for the concert even if it means paying a lot of money.

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14.Steven stopped to fill the tank with petrol and then continued driving.

15.Tom stopped drinking coffee because it upset his stomach.

Task 146. Fill in the gaps with Infinitive or Gerund.

1. I’ll never forget ________ (visit) the USA for the first time.

2. We should really stop __________ (spend) money on junk food.

3. I’m sorry for __________ (spoil) your plans last weekend.

4. Most people prefer ___________ (spend) money to __________ (earn) it.

5. I’m sorry for _____________ (be) late.

6. You’ll never regret _____________ (do) a kind action.

7. Ididn’tmean______________(offend)anyonebutsomehow,Isucceededinannoyingthemall.

8. Tom forgot _____________ (switch off) the light yesterday.

9. Being a doctor means _____________ (work) long hours.

10. He regrets ____________ (lose) his job.

11. Will you stop _____________ (treat) me as if I were a baby?

12. I’m sorry I meant _____________ (tell) you this earlier, but couldn’t find a suitable moment.

13. It was already getting dark, but they went on ____________ (walk) in the park.

14. Let’s go on _____________ (consider) the next issue of our meeting.

15. On the way back, we stopped ______________ (have) lunch at a small café.

Task 147. Find mistakes and correct them.

1. Please, stop to make that terrible noise!

2. The buses stop to run at midnight.

3. I’ll never forget to see that rainbow.

4. Please, don’t forget phoning Mrs. Smith today.

5. Chris stopped to play hockey when he got married.

6. I meant buying some bread, but I forgot.

7. Don’t forget inviting Samantha to the party next week.

8. Michel will never forget to meet Madonna in New York in 2007.

9. Don’t forget locking up when you go to bed.

10. John regrets to misbehave at Kate’s birthday party.

11. Liz went on to do her projects till the early hours of the morning.

12. I’ll never forget to meet her for the first time. It was love at first sight!

13. We regret informing you that your application has been rejected.

14. Steve went on to talk without noticing the teacher behind him.

15. Remember putting your name on the paper before you submit it.

16. Don’t forget meeting Mr. Johnson at 9 o’clock this morning.

17. You should stop to eat chocolate – it’s bad for you.

18. You should stop eating something – you need energy.

19. I really regret to buy this laptop – it’s useless.

20. Stop to make that noise! It’s really irritating.

Task 148. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

1. Вчера Скарлетт забыла подготовиться к семинару по истории. 2. Я никогда не забуду, как встретила тебя впервые.

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3.Я помню, что задавала ему этот вопрос.

4.Ссожалениемвынужденвамсообщить,чтоувасмалоопытаработыдляполучения этой должности.

5.Тео остановился, чтобы поговорить с Самантой.

6.Кейт продолжала спорить с преподавателем.

7.Стив никогда не забудет, как однажды в Нью-Йорке встретил Киану Ривза.

8.Не забудь, пожалуйста, купить хлеба и молока в супермаркете.

9.Я намеревалась поговорить с Томом сегодня, но совершенно забыла об этом.

10.Саманта не хочет новую должность, если это будет означать переезд в Чикаго.

Task 149. REVISION. Answer the following questions using gerund.

1.

Do you remember going to school for the first time? What can you say about that day?

2.

Doyouremembergoingtouniversityforthefirsttime?Whatcanyousayaboutthatday?

3.

What do you like better: reading or surfing the net?

4.

What films have you seen lately? Which of them is worth seeing?

5.

How many books have you read this year? Which of them are worth reading?

6.

What book did you read last? Did you enjoy reading it? Why?

7.

Are you fond of studying English?

 

 

 

8.

Is it possible to study English without working hard?

9.

Do you enjoy studying at the university?

 

 

 

10.

What are you thinking of doing after the graduation from the university?

Task 150. REVISION. Choose the correct variant.

 

 

1.

Moving to a foreign country means

 

 

5.

I tried ___________ her at home, but the

 

________ your way of life.

 

 

line was busy.

a)

to change

 

 

a)

to reach

b)

change

 

 

b)

reaching

a)

to accept

 

 

6.

Why didn’t you try _________ on her

c)

changing

 

 

c)

reach

2.

She didn’t regret __________ his offer.

 

 

a)

call

b)

accepting

 

 

mobile?

c)

accept

 

 

b)

to call

 

 

7.

Kate regrets _____________ so much

3.

In those days, being a student meant

 

 

__________ long hours in the library.

 

 

c)

calling

 

 

a)

spend

a)

spending

 

 

money last night.

 

 

 

 

 

b)

to spend

 

 

b)

spending

a)

hurting

 

 

8.

I don’t remember ever _____________ this

c)

spend

 

 

c)

to spend

4.

I didn’t mean __________ your feelings.

 

 

 

 

a)

visit

b)

hurt

 

 

museum.

c)

to hurt

 

 

b)

visiting

 

 

c)

to visit

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

69

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a)

reading

9.

Go on _____________ the article.

b)

to read

c)

read

10.

Whichever page you are on, go on

a)

read

___________ the next chapter.

b)

to read

c)

reading

11.

He gave us a lecture on Greek

history. And then he went on ____ us his

a)

showing

photos from Greece.

b)

to show

c)

show

12.

Sarah has stopped ______________

horror films because they give her nightmares.

a)watch

b)watching

c)to watch

13. They stopped _____________ some food before continuing their journey.

a) buying b) buy

c) to buy

14. Jessica didn’t regret _________ his offer. a) accepting

b) accept

c) to accept

15. I remember ________ a bicycle for the

first time.

a)ride

b)riding

c)to ride

70

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