Говорим и пишем по-английски правильно. Учебно-методическое пособие

1)the school subject in which children study poetry, novels, essays and other works of famous writers;

2)thestudyofthestructureofsubstancesandofthewaythattheyreactwithothersubstances;

3)the study of forces such as heat, light, sound, pressure, gravity, and electricity, and the way that they affect objects;

4)the study of living organisms;

5)the activity of developing a particular skill of making decorative objects by hand;

6)the study of computer systems (the way how to store, retrieve, and send information);

7)the study of the language of another country (e.g.: English, German, French, etc.);

8)the school subject in which children do physical exercises or take part in physical games and sports;

9)the study of the human mind and the reasons for people’s behavior;

10)thepartofMathematicsinwhichlettersandothergeneralsymbolsareusedtorepresent numbers and quantities in formulae and equations;

11)the branch of Mathematics concerned with the properties and relationships of lines, angles, curves, and shapes;

12)the study of past events;

13)the study of painting;

14)the school lesson in which children sing and learn about famous pieces of music;

15)the study of the countries of the world and of such things as the land, seas, climate, towns, and population.

B.What other subjects can you recall?

C.What lessons do children have in primary school? What subjects do children have

D. What was your favourite subject at school? Why?

Task 66. What do you call the following school teachers? Use the dictionary if it is

necessarye.g.: .

1) aschoolteacherofPhysicsLiterature– physics teacher or physicist

2) a school teacher of Maths

3) a school teacher of Biology

4) a school teacher of Chemistry

5) a school teacher of English

6) a school teacher of Geography

7) a school teacher of Psychology

8) a teacher of primary school

9) a school teacher of Music

10) a school teacher of Physical Education

11) a school teacher of History

12) a school teacher or Religious Education

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13)a school teacher of IT

14)a school teacher of Handcraft

15)a school teacher of Art

Task67.Studythedifferenceoftheverbsintheboxandfillinthegapsusingthecorrect

grammar form.

to take / to sit for an examination / exam – сдавать экзамен (как процесс) to pass an examination / exam – сдать экзамен

to fail an examination / exam – завалить экзамен

1. Sam … his exam in Chemistry and now he will have to repeat the year.

2. Jenny, how many exams do you have to … at the end of this academic year?

3. Emma … her driving test, so she can drive her dad’s car.

4. Did you … your exam in Maths? – No, I didn’t. I … it.

5. When students complete the full course, they have to … for an exam.

6. I’ve … the written part of my test. Unfortunately, my mark will be very low.

7. I can’t go to the party because I’m … French exam tomorrow.

8. Frank, why are you so happy? – I’ve … my exam in Biology.

9. All the pupils … the test. They will have to retake it next week.

10. I am reading much these days because I’ll … for my final exam in Literature this Friday.

Task 68. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Алекс завалил экзамен по физике, поэтому он не поступит в политехнический университет.

2. Рита собирается изучать литературу Англии и Америки в университете. 3. Сколько экзаменов тебе нужно сдавать в конце следующего учебного года? 4. Я выучил правило наизусть. Сейчас я могу пойти прогуляться?

5. Александр и по сей день не научился водить машину.

6. – Что ты преподаешь в университете? – Я преподаю молекулярную химию. 7. – Эмма сдала экзамен по психологии? – Нет, она его завалила.

8. – Я учил современную историю России всю неделю, но завалил экзамен. – Не нужно пытаться заучить информацию наизусть в последнюю неделю перед экзаменом, надо изучать предмет в течение курса.

9. В российской общеобразовательной школе дети изучают один или несколько иностранных языков.

10. Ты выучил все превосходно! Сейчас ты можешь сдавать этот экзамен.

Task 69. Study the vocabulary. Learn it by heart.

1) primary general education – начальное общее образование

2) basic general (lower secondary) education – основное общее образование 3) secondary general (upper secondary) education – среднее общее образование

4) to enter / enroll in school – поступить в школу (колледж, университет и т. д.) 5) to comprise smth – включать

6) final examinations / exams – выпускные экзамены

7) penmanship – чистописание

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8)to be awarded smth – получить (степень, аттестат, диплом и т. д.)

9)theCertificateofBasicGeneralEducation–аттестатобосновномобщемобразовании

10)academic subjects – теоретические предметы

11)Unified State Examination – единый государственный экзамен

12)theCertificateofSecondaryCompleteGeneralEducation–аттестатосреднемполном общем образовании

13)to complete smth – завершить (обучение, курс, предмет, программу и т. д.)

14)to charge tuition fee – взимать плату за обучение

15)curriculum – учебная программа

Task 70. Read the text.

Education in Russia

The public educational system in our country comprises general, vocational and higher education. Education in Russia is compulsory for children between the ages of 6 and 15. It is free and available for everyone.

General education consists of four levels: pre-school education, primary general education, basic general (lower secondary) and secondary general (upper secondary) education.

Pre-school education is provided by kindergartens for children up to age 6–7, before they enter formal school. In kindergartens children learn reading, writing and arithmetic, but most of the time they play, sleep and walk there.

Primary general education comprises forms 1–4, from the age of 7 to 10. In primary school pupils have lessons of Reading, Penmanship, the Russian language, Mathematics, Nature Study, Music, Handcraft, Physical Education, Art and the English language.

Lowersecondaryeducationtakes5yearsandcomprisesforms5–9,fromtheageof11to15. ChildrenlearnthebasiclawsofnatureandsocietyatthelessonsofHistory,Algebra,Literature, Chemistry,Physicsandmanyothers.Afterthe9thformpupilshavetositforfinalexaminations. AfterwardstheyareawardedtheCertificateofBasicGeneralEducation.Also,theyhaveachoice between entering the 10th form of a secondary general school and enrolling in a vocational school. Vocational schools or non-university institute typically offer programmes of academic subjects and a programme of training in a technical field until students reach 17 or 18. Such institutions are known as colleges.

AftercompletingsecondarygeneraleducationandUnifiedStateExaminations,applicants are awarded the Certificate of Secondary Complete General Education, which gives them the right to enter any higher educational establishment.

Recently, new types of secondary schools have emerged. They are called gymnasiums and lyceums. These types of schools can be both state owned or private. The duration of studies is equal to secondary general schools, but the educational programme or curriculum is more advanced. Private schools are relatively uncommon in Russia. Such schools usually charge tuition fees1.

Task 71. Give English equivalents.

1) выпускной экзамен

2) плата за обучение

1 Cм. http://www.russianenic.ru/english/rus/

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3)чистописание

4)основное общее образование

5)теоретические предметы

6)учебная программа

7)начальное общее образование

8)девятый класс

9)среднее общее образование

10)малораспространенный

11)государственная образовательная система

12)продолжительность обучения

13)аттестат о среднем полном общем образовании

14)доступное образование

15)осуществляться, обеспечиваться

16)законы природы

17)усложненная программа

18)аттестат об основном общем образовании

19)абитуриент

20)появляться, возникать

Task 72. Match the names of institutions mentioned in the text to their Russian

Task 73. Fill in the gaps with the words in the box.

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1Task. Our74.educationalChange theprogrammeunderlin diswoverydscomplexand phrases.Noteveryto thechildwordscanfollowrm theit.However,text. itis open to everybody.

2. Boris got the Certificate of Secondary Complete General Education which let him enter any higher educational establishment.

3. After the 9th grade, pupils have to sit for final examinations

4. This non-university institute offers a very good educational programme of training in the engineering field.

5. If you want to send your kids into this private school, you’ll have to pay money for their studies.

6. Pupils in primary school don’t have any theoretical lessons.

7. What university are you planning to enroll in?

8. Peter had to repeat his 9th form twice to finish his basic general education.

9. Our practical classes consist of experiments and working in groups of 5.

10. In the 1st and 2nd forms, pupils have lessons of writing neatly and correctly.

1Task. General75. Inseducationrt prepositionsinRussiawhereconsistsit is…necessarypre-school.education,primarygeneraleducation, basic general and secondary general education.

2. Pre-school education is provided … kindergartens … children up to age 6–7.

3. … primary school pupils have lessons … Reading, Mathematics, Nature Study, Music, Handcraft, Physical Education, and many others.

4. Primary general education comprises … forms … 1 … 4.

5. Children learn the basic laws … nature and society … the lessons … History, Algebra, Literature, Chemistry, Physics when they go … secondary school.

6. … completing the 9th form pupils have to sit … final examinations.

7. When pupils pass … final examinations, they are awarded … the Certificate of Basic General Education.

8. …the9thformpupilscanenroll…aspecializedsecondary…advancedstudy…particular subjects.

9. TheCertificateofSecondaryCompleteGeneralEducationgivespupilstherighttoenter… any higher educational establishment.

10. Private schools almost always charge … tuition fees.

Task 76. Say if the statements are true or false. Prove it.

1. ThepubliceducationalsysteminRussiaconsistsofbasic,vocationalandhighereducation.

2. Education in our country is compulsory for children between the ages of 7 and 18.

3. There are several levels of Russian general education: pre-school, primary general education, lower secondary and upper secondary education.

4. Most of the time in kindergartens children learn Reading, Writing and Arithmetic.

5. The curriculum of primary schools comprises such subjects as Literature, Penmanship, theRussianlanguage,Algebra,Biology,Music,Handcraft,PhysicalEducation,ArtandtheEnglish language.

6. Basic general education takes 5 years during which children learn the basic laws of nature and society.

7. Before the 9th form, pupils have to sit for final examinations.

8. In Russia, children can enter a vocational school or university after the 9th form.

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9.After completing secondary general education and Unified State Examinations, pupils are awarded the Certificate of Basic General Education.

10.Gymnasiums and lyceums are private schools, which charge tuition fees.

Task 77. Fill in the gaps with the correct information.

Structure of Education System in Russia

DurationPre-higherof compulsoryeducati n education:

Age of entry: _________

Age of exit: _______

Structure of school system:

TypePrimaryof school providing this education: ________________

Length of programme in years: ___________

Age level from:________ to:___________

TypeBasicof school providing this education: ________________

Length of programme in years: __________

Age level from:________ to:___________

TypeCompleteof schoolSecondaryproviding this education: ___________________

Length of programme in years:_________

Age level ____________

Certificate/diploma awarded: __________________

TypeVocationalof school providing this education: ____________________

Length of programme in years: ___________________

Age level from:________ to:___________

Certificate/diploma awarded: ______________________

Task 78. Answer the questions to the text.

1. What education does the public educational system in Russia comprise?

2. What education is compulsory for children in our country? Are kindergartens compulsory?

3. What is the main difference between kindergartens and primary schools in Russia?

4. How long does it take children to complete basic general education? What subjects do they have at this period?

5. What certificate are pupils awarded after the successful completion of the 9th form?

6. Where can pupils continue their education after the 9th form?

7. What is “college” in Russia?

8. What examinations do children have to take after the 11th form?

9. What certificate are children awarded after completing secondary general education?

10. Whatnewtypesofschoolshaverecentlyemerged?Howdifferentaretheyfromcommon

state schools?

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Task 79. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Государственная образовательная система России включает в себя общее, профессиональное и высшее образование. Дошкольное образование не является обязательным, дети могут получить его дома.

2. Начальное образование предоставляется начальными школами, в которых дети посещают уроки чтения, чистописания, математики, природоведения, музыки, рисования и др.

3. Учебная программа среднего общего образования включает такие предметы, как алгебра,литература,физика,химия,историяидр.Поокончании9классаученикисдают выпускные экзамены и получают аттестат об основном общем образовании.

4. Когда ученик получает основное общее образование, он может пойти в 10 класс или поступить в профессионально-техническое училище.

5. По окончании 11 класса абитуриенты сдают единые государственные экзамены и получают аттестат о среднем полном общем образовании, который дает им право поступить в высшее учебное заведение.

6. Лицеи и гимназии предлагают усложненную программу, однако обучение там стоит денег.

Task 80. Retell the text about Russian education.

L e t ’ s d o a b i t o f G r a m m a r

Task 81. Focus on the following information.

Конструкция со сложным дополнением Complex Object употребляется:

1. .Послеглаголов,выражающихжелания,чувстваинамерения:want,wouldlike,hate, Послеexpect глаголов этой группы частица to перед инфинитивом обязательна.

e.g.:HewantsmetoenterMoscowStateUniversity. (инфинитивсчастицейto)–Онхочет,

чтобы я поступил в Московский государственный университет.

I hate you to say such things. – Я не выношу, когда вы говорите такие вещи.

2. После глаголов чувственного восприятия:

После глаголов данной группы частица to перед инфинитивомsee, notice, watch,опускаетсяobserve, hear,. feel, etc. e.g..: I saw him cross the street. (инфинитив без частицы to) – Я видел, как он перешел

улицу

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Dad lets his son use his car on Sundays Папа разрешает своему сыну пользоваться его машиной (=брать машину) по воскресеньям.

Pattern 1:

WANT / WOULD LIKE + PRONOUN/ NOUN + FULL INFINITIVE

1Task. 82John. Translatewants metheto helpfo lowinghim. sentences into Russian.

2. Sarah would like Jennifer to visit her in New York.

3. Theo wants Liz to talk to him.

4. Mom wants him to study hard for his finals.

5. Sarah would like John to propose to her.

6. Michel wants Jane to take part in the competition.

7. Jack wants him to join this team.

8. They want us to discuss this issue.

9. Margarethe would like Charles to be kinder to her.

10. They want us to win.

Task 83

A.Your familymembers aren’tsatisfied with your householdchoresandyour studyat thee.universityg.: . Say what members of your family want you to do. .

mother / do the washing → My mother wants me to do the washing

1) elder brother / do a research project

2) younger brother / take the dog for a walk

3) grandmother / dust the furniture in the living room 4) nephew / fix his broken toy

5) sister / cook something delicious

6) cousin / take the rubbish out

7) father / prepare a project on this topic

8) parents / to revise for the final exams

9) aunt / water the flowers

10) younger sister / mop the floor

B. Make dialogues according to the model:

A: I can’t open the window.

1. I can’t clean the .

B: Do you want me totablehe p you?

2. Unfortunately, I can’t speak German.

3. I can’t read in Chinese.

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4.I can’t sew a patch onto these old jeans.

5.I can’t repair this TV set.

6.I can’t boil the linen.

7.I can’t switch on the light in the kitchen.

8.I can’t give Kate a lift.

Pattern 2: SEE, HEAR, FEEL, WATCH + NOUN / PRONOUN + BARE INFINITIVE

Task 86. Change the complex sentences into simple ones using the Complex Object construction.

eА..g.: . 1. SheHelensawheardthat Davethat hebroketalkedtheofwindowme. . → She saw Dave break the window

2. John saw that Kate crossed the street.

3. Margarethe noticed that he opened his book.

4. Jessica noticed that he took her diary from the table.

5. Jane heard that she said “goodbye”.

6. Tom heard that someone opened the front door.

7. Kate saw that Mr. Smith entered the room.

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8.Julia heard that he called her name.

9.Michel saw that John kicked Tom.

10.Ted heard that she burst into tears.

eВ..g.:

1. WeMotherwatchedsawasJackSophiaas hegotclimbedinto aovertaxi.the→ Wefencewatched. her get into a taxi.

2. Sylvia saw as Jack kissed Margarethe.

3. Victoria noticed as Theo smiled mysteriously at Liz.

4. Scarlett heard as John shouted at Mr. Johnson.

5. They watched as Liz made her bed.

6. Nobody noticed as Kate went away.

7. I saw as James entered the hall and took something.

8. Charlotte saw as Angela took the book from the desk.

9. I heard as Michel told that to his mom.

10. I heard as Steven told those words to Liz.

Pattern 3:

LET, MAKE + NOUN / PRONOUN + BARE INFINITIVE

1Task. Kate87. Trmadenslateher husbandthe sentenceshelp herintotoRussianmop the.floor.

2. Charles doesn’t let his son use his car.

3. Scarlett made him apologize to her for his rude words.

4. Steven doesn’t let his son go for a walk late in the evening.

5. Nobody will make me do it.

6. Sandra’s aunt made her sew a patch onto her jeans.

7. Mother made her sew on the buttons.

8. Amanda lets her children go for a walk in the park.

1.I made (she, to put on) a coat. I made her put on a coat.

2.Dave made (she, to tell) the truth→ . ______________________________________________

3.Mrs. Smith made (they, to study) for→the seminar on Psychology. _____________________

4.I made (she, to take) a pill for a headache. →

5.Mrs. Bullock made (you, to talk to) Mr. Johnson→ . __________________________________

6.They made (we, to take) it all to the laundry. →

7.Theo’s mom made (he, to apply) a cold compress→ . __________________________________

8.John made (we, to take) an umbrella as it was heavily→ raining. ________________________

9.My parents make (I, to tidy up) my room when it’s messy. →

10.My teachers always make (I, to do) my homework. →

11.My piano teacher made (I, to practise) for 2 hours every→ day. I hated it! ______________

12.My mom made (I, do) the washing up so I was late for the concert. → →Task 88. Open the brackets.

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