Говорим и пишем по-английски правильно. Учебно-методическое пособие

6.

I entered Altai State Pedagogical University. I am happy about it. → I was happy ________

Altai State Pedagogical University.

→

It’sreallyvery

7.

IstudyatAltaiStatePedagogicalUniversity.It’sreallyveryinteresting.

interesting ____________ at Altai State Pedagogical University.

→

It’sveryinteresting

8.

IworkasalectureratMoscowStateUniversity.It’sveryinteresting.

_____________ as a lecturer at Moscow State University.

→

It’squite

9.

MyacquaintancetranslatesfromEnglishintoChinese.It’squitechallenging.

challenging _________________ from English into Chinese.

→

It’s very pleasant

10.

I communicate with Mrs. Smith every evening. It’s very pleasant.

________________ with Mrs. Smith every evening.

В ряде случаев частица to перед инфинитивом опускается:

do, does, did, will

Do you study abroad? – No, I don’t. I don’t study abroad Ты учишься за границей? –

1. После вспомогательных глаголов:

, etc.

. –

Нет. Я учусь не за границей.

e.g.:

.

I think I will read this broadsheet Я думаю, я прочитаю эту широкоформатную газету

can (could), may (might), should, must, shall

. –

can translate texts from English into Russian Я умею переводить тексты с

2. ПослеI

модальных глаголов:

. –

:

английского языка на русский

e.g.:

Youshouldconsultthedictionary.

Вамследуетпроконсультироватьсясословарем

oughtto,haveto

IhavetostudyformyexaminEnglish.–Мнеприходитсяготовитьсяк

лийскому языку.)

.–

.(НО:

экзамену по ан

,e.g.:

3. После глаголов to make и to let в действительном залоге.

My mother made me learn this grammar rule

. –

Моя мама заставила меня выучить

это грамматическое правило

e.g.:

Let me carry your bag for you.. – Позволь мне донести твою сумку.

Task 24. Focus on the pattern.

HAD BETTER + BARE INFINITITVE

После конструкции

употребляется инфинитив без частицы .

e.g.:

had better

to

После конструкции

, которая выражает предпочтение (preference),

употребляется инфинитив без частицы .

e.g.:

would

rather

.

to

tonight?

1)

to go to a bookshop and see if we can get another one. →Why not _______________.

2)

to find this information on the Internet;

3)

to do it now. I’ll gladly give you a hand;

4)

to buy a newspaper and read all the information here;

5)

to make milk soup and sausages with mashed potatoes;

6)

to take your broken watch to the watchmaker’s;

7)

to ask the teacher about the homework;

8)

to go to the supermarket;

9)

to read this new novel and discuss its plot;

– I’m afraid we’ll be late for the concert. It’s already half past six.

– (call for a taxi) →________ Why not call for a taxi?

1.

– Oh, what ever shall I do? I’m afraid I’ll never pass my exam in History.

2.

– (start to study for the exam in History)

_____________________________________

– I don’t know what I’ll make John for dinner.

→

3.

– (to boil some eggs) ____________________________________________________

–Katehasgotsuchaterriblecough.I’m afraidthere’ssomethingseriouswith herlungs.

→

_________________________________________________

4.

– (to consult a physician)

– Mother has found out about my engagement. I’m afraid she’ll never forgive me. It was

wrong of me to keep it from her.

→

→

_______________________________________

5.

– (to try and explain everything to her)

– I’m going to see my cousin tonight. It’s her birthday. What can I buy at a moment’s

notice?

→

_______________________________________________

– (to buy a bunch of flowers)

infinitive.

8)

promise

1)

could

2)

agree

9)

won’t

3)

must

10) make

4)

would like

11) it’s nice

5)

will

12) can’t

6)

want

13) advise

7)

decide

14) don’t

Task 33. Insert to where necessary before the Infinitives in brackets.

1.

Lots of people want _____________ (study) English.

2.

Many of them have __________ (know) English because it is an international language.

3.

Steven was made _____________ (learn) this poem by heart.

4.

Liz made him _________ (learn) this poem by heart.

5.

Alex always helps her __________ (do) her homework.

6.

Andrew agreed ______________ (help) me with the project.

7.

They made us ____________ (wait) for 2 hours.

8.

My parents always expect me _________ (do) well in exams.

9.

Kate’s mother won’t let her ________ (stay out) late at night.

10.

The coach told David ________ (train) harder if he wanted ________ (play) in the team.

11.

Can you ___________ (give) me a lift to school?

12.

You’d better __________ (ask) your parents if you can ______ (come) on the school trip.

13.

John refused _________ (help) me.

14.

Irene wanted __________ (speak) to the dean.

15.

I’d rather _______ (have) the lesson on Monday than have it on Friday, if that’s possible.

16.

Please, let me _______ (know) your decision as soon as possible.

17.

The director let him ________ (go) early as he wanted ______ (meet) his wife at the airport.

18.

Steven made Liz __________ (repeat) the message.

19.

Liz was made ___________ (repeat) the message.

20.

Samantha’s parents won’t let her ________ (go) to the concert.

Task 34. Choose the correct variant.

1.

You’d better

the tickets as soon as possible.

2.

It’s nice

on a short holiday if you can.

book / to book

3.

It was interesting

to

that the temple dated back to the 4 century BC.

4.

His music teacher made him

the same piece two times.

th

5.

I’d rather

to learn / learn

it on my own if you don’t mind.

6.

I am very pleased

play / play

you.

7.

I’m sorry

to do / do

not

well.

to hear / hear

o sing /you are

8.

She’d better not

meet / to me

. She has got an awful voice.

9.

The coach madethe team

they could win!

10.

Charlotte is glad

sing

in the play.

11.

I’ll let you

talk / to

believe / to believe

my computer if you are careful.

12.

You’d better

to be / be

offer / toto a doctor about your headaches.

13.

to use / use

me the job.

They were happy

talk

14.

I hope

toyou soon.

15.

We’d rather not

offer

to speaka/new car if our old one can be repaired.

16.

o see / see

to you for a minute.

Samantha would like

17.

buy / buy

.

In the end, the terroriststolet thehostages

18.

The teacher made Julia

speak

the composition.

19.

Liz was madebuy / to buy

to go / go

the composition.

20.

You’d better

rewrite / rewrite

this dress now.

to rewrite / rewrite

Task 35. Focus on the following information.

Full Infinitive or Bare Infinitive

или

or

Eсли в предложении употребляются два инфинитива, соединенные союзами

, частица

обычно перед вторым инфинитивом опускается.

and

e.g.:

to

I am going to enter this university and study here. – Я собираюсь поступать в этот

университет.

Do you want to go out or stay at home? – Ты хочешь выйти или остаться дома?

Task36.Choosethecorrectverbtocompletethesentences.Insertfullorbareinfinitive.

translate

enter (2)

conduct

speak

talk

play

рublish

study (2)

win (2)

spend

perform

discuss

finish

buy

pass

do

1.

Max

always forgets _______ his homework and _______ for his seminars.

2.

Mr. Johnson would love __________ a million and _______ a mansion in Miami.

3.

Irene promises ________ all her exams.

4.

Kate dreams ________ primary school and ________ her summer holidays in Paris.

5.

They are planning _________ an experiment early next week and _________ their results in

the research journal.

6.

Steven hopes ____________a scholarship and __________ the university in Belgium.

7.

Mrs. Smith teaches Francesca _________ English and ________ from English into Spanish.

8.

Chris is learning _________ the xylophone and _________ on the stage.

9.

Robert’s son promises __________ hard and ____________ Massachusetts University.

10.

Samantha would like ___________ to her lecturer _________ a few important issues.

1.

Ted’s parents don’t let him to watch TV on weekdays.

Task 37. Find errors and correct them.

2.

Kate promised go here on time but she’s late again.

3.

Our lecturer made us to do three projects in two weeks.

4.

My dad was surprised see a present on his bed.

5.

You really must to go. The bus leaves in 5 minutes.

6.

Martha decided enter Cambridge University.

7.

Victoria was made read this book.

8.

Liz has decided enter Harvard University.

9.

Sienna refuses speak to him.

10.

My friends and I are planning go camping this weekend.

→

1)

to award

9) to hear

Task 38. Make forms of the Passive Infinitive, e.g.: to buy

to be bought.

2)

to choose

10) to tell

3)

to invite

11) to leave

4)

to bring

12) to announce

5)

to interrupt

13) to print

6)

to promote

14) to dismiss

7)

to invite

15) to discuss

8)

to check

Oxford University.

1.

Liz is happy

to award / to be

Task 39. Choose the correct variant.

2.

Dave is happy

to be understood /the first prize for his picture.

3.

to enter / to be entered

everything at once.

Kate is clever enough

to leave / to be left

4.

When Siennatois ill, she likes

awarded

absolutely alone.

5.

We are glad

to understand

to be

you to our conference.

6.

George doesn’t like

while he is working.

7.

Sarah wants

invite / to be invited

to invite / to be invitedtohim.

8.

Martha plans

interrupted / to interrupt

to hear / to be heardthem.

9.

to speak / to be spoken

that that apple pie was low in calories.

Jessica was glad

to be told / to tell

10.

Victoria was glad

to be

that it was low in calories.

11.

Mr. Johnson would like

to

the party.

12.

Scarlett is happy

to be seen / to see

13.

Isabelle doesn’t want

promoted /

promo e

in public with her new boyfriend.

14.

I’m proud

to invite / to be invited

this year’s winner.

to announce / to be announced

Task 41. Make assessment of the situations in two different ways:

I. To talk to Jane is interesting. →It’s interesting to talk to Jane.

1.

To read Victoria’s handwriting is rather hard.

_______________________________

2.

To answer such questions is easy.

→

3.

To prove this fact is hard.

→

→

4.

To conduct this experiment is interesting.→ ___________________________________

5.

→

___________________________________

To understand Kate’s English is difficult.

6.

To spell his name is difficult.

→

_______________________________________

7.

To work at this desk is comfortable.

→

II. It’s difficult to explain his behaviour. → To explain his behaviour is difficult.

1.

It’s interesting to watch this Italian movie.

___________________________________

2.

It’s useless to discuss this question.

→

3.

It’s useful to learn these poems by heart.

→

____________________________________

4.

It’s easy to teach this subject.

→

→

5.

It’s not easy to calm an excited person.

→_____________________________________

6.

→

____________________________________

It’s unusual to see an owl during the day.

7.

It’s hard to find time to study.

→

___________________________________

8.

It’s challenging to study at this university.

→

1.

Пожилым людям обычно трудно угодить.

Task 42. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.

2.

С ней приятно иметь дело.

3.

Это заболевание трудно лечить.

4.

Сложно поступить в этот университет.

5.

Сложно сдавать экзамен по математике в нашем университете.

6.

Такие вещи сложно объяснить.

7.

Настроение Кейт легко понять.

8.

Этот эксперимент легко провести.

9.

Этот проект сложно выполнить.

10.

Это стихотворение легко выучить наизусть.

Task 43. Focus on the following information.

Infinitive as Attribute

1.

Инфинитив

функции определения

В функции определения инфинитив может стоять только после определяемого

e.g.:

.

.–

the first, the second, the

слова.

TheconferencetobeheldinSeptemberisveryimportant

Конференция,котораябудет

проводиться в сентябре, очень важная

2.

В этой функции инфинитив часто встречается после слов

third, the last

и т. д. и на русский язык переводится глаголом в личной форме.

e.g.:

HeisalwaysthefirsttocometotheInstitute.–Онвсегдаприходитвинститутпервым.

He was the first to answer this question. – Он первым ответил на этот вопрос.

3.

Употребляется после существительных (

, etc.).

attempt, decision, desire, need, opportunity,

pleasure, reason, time, wish

e.g.:

She has finally made a decision to leave. – Она в конце концов приняла решение уехать

HehasgotanopportunitytoenterOxfordUniversity

.–

Унегоестьвозможностьпоступить

в Оксфордский университет.

Infinitive, которые выражают

4.

В конструкциях there is /

are и have (got) +

долженствование, обязанность что-то делать.

. –

e.g.:

Don’t disturb me. I have got a report to write this evening

Не отвлекай меня. Мне

нужно написать этим вечером отчет

I am busy today. There is an article to translate..

– Я сегодня занят. Мне нужно перевести