Времена английского глагола в сравнении = English Tenses Compared. Пособие
.pdf6.My uncle painted this picture. Someone has offered him a lot of money for it. He will deliver the painting tomorrow. When they give him the money he will tell them the truth. He painted it one night while he was sleepwalking.
7.Our school is organising a contest. The teachers will choose the best project about the environment. The students must include pictures and drawings in their projects. The students will also have to do all the writing themselves. The school will give the winner a set of encyclopaedias.
8.Someone left a box on the No.53 bus last night. A woman found it under her seat. She gave it to the bus driver. No one knows where it came from. The police are making enquiries now. The police are searching for the owner of the box because they have found a bomb in it. They hope they will arrest the person soon.
9.The Government made an important decision last night. They will ban all cars from the centre of town as pollution is seriously affecting people’s health. They will allow only bicycles and buses to enter the town centre. They are making plans for a new environmental police force. After all, they must do something before it’s too late.
10.Last week, the Prime Minister visited Dawston. The Mayor of the town greeted him when he arrived and gave him a tour. He introduced the Prime Minister to some important businessmen and took him to lunch in a local restaurant.
In the afternoon, the Mayor held a meeting and the Prime Minister addressed the citizens of Dawston. He told them that he had enjoyed his visit very much.
11.Somebody gave me a goat for my birthday last year. They had bought it from a farm down the road. We keep it tied to a tree in our garden. My husband normally looks after it, but last week his company sent him abroad on business. A few days later, our neighbour called me to the window. I hadn’t tied the goat up properly. The goat was eating her washing!
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9. Translate into English.
A. 1. Какая книга обсуждается сейчас на заседании литературного кружка? Какая книга обсуждалась, когда вы пришли? Вчера на собрании обсуждался очень интересный вопрос. Когда будет обсуждаться этот новый роман на заседании литературного кружка? На заседании нашего кружка часто обсуждаются очень интересные книги. Он сказал, что этот роман уже обсуждали на заседании их литературного кружка. Я думаю, что к тому времени как ты вернешься, эту книгу уже обсудят. Этот вопрос сегодня обсуждаться не будет.
2.Животных обычно кормят три раза в день. Кормили ли сегодня животных? На ферме сейчас кормят животных. Когда будут кормить животных? Он сказал, что животных уже накормили. К тому времени когда пастух вернется, животных уже накормят. Когда обычно кормят животных?
3.Траву уже скосили? – Да, скосили три дня назад. Траву здесь косят три раза в месяц. Я выглянула в окно. Траву все еще косили. Когда скосят траву? Он сказал, что траву будут косить через месяц. К пяти часам траву уже скосят. Будут ли косить траву в этом месяце? Траву на этом лугу еще не косили. Я слышу какой-то шум в саду. По-видимому, там косят траву. Когда я выглянула из окна, траву уже скосили.
4.На стол только что накрыли. Что происходит в гостиной? – Там накрывают на стол. Когда накроют на стол? Когда она вошла, там накрывали на стол для ужина. Она сказала, что на стол еще не накрыли.
B. 1. Многие современные лекарства делают из растений. 2. Эта книга еще не переведена. 3. Я чувствую, что готовится какой-то опасный план. 4. Ему ничего об этом не говорили. 5. Вам задавали дополнительные вопросы на экзамене? 6. Не входите. Там экзаменуютпоследнегостудента.7.Еговсегдалюбилииемувсегдадоверяли. 8. Пока готовился завтрак, мать пошла к постели ребенка.
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9. Ей дадут квартиру в этом доме. 10. Работа будет закончена к концу месяца. 11. Мне сказали, что около железнодорожного моста строятся два новых дома. 12. Я почувствовал, что ему уже задавали этот вопрос раньше. 13. Тебя интересует работа, которую тебе предложили? 14. Я уверен, что товары будут уже доставлены в порт, когда мы получим их телеграмму. 15. Это вкусное блюдо было приготовлено итальянским поваром. 16. Когда мы нашли словарь, статья уже была переведена. 17. Все телеграммы отправлены? – Нет еще. Половина телеграмм отправлена вчера. Остальные, кроме трех, напечатаны. Последние сейчас печатают. Их напечатают к часу дня.
С. 1. У него плохое зрение. Ему всегда читают. 2. Получил ли ваш доклад одобрение на заседании? Внимательно ли вас слушали? Не возражали ли против вашего предложения? 3. Я думаю, что теперь будут ссылаться на вашу работу. 4. Где вы так долго были? Вас спрашивали, за вами посылали, но вас нигде не нашли. 5. Не беспокойтесь. За вашими детьми присмотрят, если вы вернетесь поздно. 6. Где она? Ее ищут. 7. Почему ты все время ко мне придираешься? 8. Эти наглядные пособия уже использовали? 9. Почему ты думаешь, что над тобой смеются? 10. Его оперировали вчера. Сейчас он хорошо себя чувствует. 11. Дом был старый и ветхий, и в нем жили только летом. 12. Мы стояли на платформе, пока не потеряли из виду последний вагон. 13. Никто не заметил, как он пришел. 14. Я надеюсь, что их спору будет положен конец. 15. На них смотрели с большим интересом, когда они появились в зале. 16. Когда подожгли этот дом? 17. Дело серьезное. Ему надо написать. 18. Такими серьезными вещами не шутят. 19. Журналы уже просмотрели? 20. Со мной так никогда еще не разговаривали. 21. Это событие широко комментируется в газетах. 22. Ни к какому соглашению не пришли, хотя и обсуждали этот вопрос два часа. 23. О нем не слышно с тех пор, как он уехал в Москву. 24. За книгу уже уплачено. 25. К сожалению, этот словарь уже распродан. 26. Об этой картине много говорят, но я еще не был на выставке и не видел ее. 27. Девочку бранят, вот почему она плачет. 28. О ней заботятся ее друзья. 29. Он попал под машину, когда переходил улицу. 30. Его стихи так хороши, что к ним нельзя придраться /
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нельзя найти недостатки. 31. В двадцатом веке было покончено со многими инфекционными заболеваниями. 32. Проблеме обучения иностранным языкам уделяется много внимания.
33.Этими справочниками уже не пользуются, они устарели.
34.Когда он работает, ему нельзя мешать. 35. Эту работу придется отложить до завтра.
D. 1. Это письмо нужно отправить немедленно. 2. Эта статья не может быть переведена так скоро. 3. Мебель, возможно, доставят в пятницу. 4. Этот ответ должен быть найден. 5. Карандаш, кажется, сломан. 6. Его можно тоже пригласить. 7. Это правило нужно запомнить. 8. Цветы можно поставить на стол у окна.
9.Я хочу, чтобы меня послали туда вместе с вами. 10. Они хотели, чтобы им дали разрешение пользоваться этими книгами. 11. Ему должны сказать правду. 12. Я хочу, чтобы меня поняли правильно.
13.Я не люблю, когда мне задают глупые вопросы. 14. Это можно легко понять. 15. Я хочу, чтобы этот инцидент был забыт навсегда.
16.Этот текст можно перевести за полчаса. 17. Его вещи нужно отнести наверх. 18. Эту книгу можно прислать вам завтра, если хотите. 19. Эти книги не следует рекомендовать для обсуждения.
20.Ваше мнение нужно услышать всем. 21. Этот эксперимент можно не повторять. 22. Это стихотворение нужно выучить наизусть.
10.Supply the stative passive of the given verbs. Use the Present Simple or the Past Simple.
1. It is hot in this room because the window (close). 2. Yesterday it was hot in this room because the window (close). 3. Sarah is wearing a blouse. It (make) of cotton. 4. The door to this room (shut). 5. We can leave now because class (finish). 6. The lights in this room (turn on). 7. This room (not / crowd). 8. We can’t go any farther. The car (stick) in the mud. 9. We couldn’t go any farther. The car (stick) in the mud. 10. My room is very neat right now. The bed (make), the floor (sweep), and the dishes (wash). 11. We are ready to sit down and eat dinner. The table (set), the meat and rice (do), and the candles (light). 12. Where’s my wallet? It (go)! Did you take it? 13. Hmmm. My dress (tear). I wonder how that happened. 14. Don’t look in the hall closet. Your birthday present (hide) there. 15. Excuse me, sir. Could you give me some directions? I (lose). 16. That’s hard work, I (exhaust). I need to rest for a while. 17. The children (excite) about going to the circus. They’re looking forward to
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seeing the elephants, the clowns, and the acrobats. 18. George (dress) in his best suit today because he has an important interview this afternoon. 19. Lousie is probably sleeping. The lights in her room (turn off). 20. Carolyn and Joe were married to each other for five years, but now they (divorce). 21. You told me one thing and John told me another. I don’t know what to think. I (confuse). 22. I love my wife. I (marry) to a wonderful woman. 23. I thought I had left my book on this desk, but it isn’t here. It (go). I wonder where it is. 24. We can’t eat this fruit. It (spoil). We’ll have to throw it away. 25. Vietnam (locate) in Southeast Asia. 26. ‘The TV set doesn’t work.’ ‘Are you sure? (it / plug in)?’ 27. I (accustom) to living here. 28. I (satisfy) with the progress I have made. 29. I (not / acquaint) with that man. Do you know him? 30. Mark Twain (know) for his stories about life on the Mississippi. 31. My car (equip) with air conditioning and a sun roof. 32. The room (cram) with furniture of all descriptions. 33. The island (inhabit) by people of Chinese origin.
11. Rephrase the sentences, as in the example.
Inflation will fall next year. (suppose)
It is supposed that inflation will fall next year.
Inflation is supposed to fall next year.
1. They will stay in London for a couple of weeks. (expect) 2. She is in Rome. (say) 3. He is a liar. (believe) 4. Many people will visit this museum. (expect) 5. He is honest and reliable. (know) 6. She knows a lot about gardening. (say) 7. They have financial problems. (report) 8. He has several bank accounts. (know) 9. He will attend the meeting. (think) 10. She will break the world record. (expect) 11. They are responsible for the damage. (say). 12. He is energetic and clever. (know) 13. The prices will rise again this month. (expect) 14. He is an expert in this field. (consider) 15. We’ll be able to win the competition. (believe) 16. He knows how to drive. (suppose) 17. The economy will go up by 2% this year (believe). 18. The new shopping centre will open next spring. (suppose) 19. The Prime Minister disagrees with the President. (report)
12. Translate into English.
1. Сообщают, что пьеса пользуется большим успехом. 2. Предполагают, что его новая пьеса будет поставлена Русским театром. 3. Ожидают, что поезд придет вовремя. 4. Полагают, что он получит
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грант. 5. Известно, что они прибывают в пятницу. 6. Ожидают, что соглашение подпишут на этой неделе. 7. Говорят, что он в Москве. 8. Известно, что у него иное мнение по этому вопросу. 9. Считают, что он один из лучших летчиков в нашей стране. 10. Известно, что он большой любитель книг. 11. Ожидали, что члены комитета придут к соглашению. 12. Считают, что эта шахта самая лучшая в районе. 13. Сообщают, что конференция состоится 15 декабря.
13. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form.
A.There is an old castle in Norwich which (believe) (haunt). It (call) North Castle and it (say) that ghosts can (see) there at night. The castle (build) 400 years ago and (own) by two old ladies who (believe) to be witches. One day, long ago, they both disappeared and they (never / see) again. In 1985 the castle (buy) by a businessman and (convert) into a luxurious hotel. The castle (visit) by quite a few guests every year and special groups (organise) to watch for ghosts. It has been a long time since any ghosts (see), but one night a trick (play) on some visitors by a local couple, who dressed up as the two ‘witches’. They (see) by a guest, who said she (frighten) almost to death. The couple apologised the next day, and they (tell) never to visit the castle again, certainly not in the middle of the night dressed up as witches.
B.Last week a new leisure centre (open) in the town of Halden. The centre (believe) to be the largest in Europe and it (hope) that it (visit) by over 40,000 people a month. The centre (plan) for over ten years, but it (only / make) possible by a large government grant. Unfortunately, it (not / finish) yet, but it (think) that it (complete) by next month. The centre includes an Olympic-size swimming pool and fifty tennis courts which (can / book) by phone. The gym (claim) to be the most modern in the country. The equipment (buy) in Germany and training (provide) by five top instructors. Entrance fees are cheap because half the cost (pay) by the local council, so many local people will be able to afford them.
C.Something should (do) to protect holidaymakers from awful experiences. So many articles (write) so far in newspapers and magazines warning tourists to guard against being victims of tricksters. The bro-
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chure advertisements ought to (approve) by ABTA before being published to ensure that the details which (give) aren’t misleading or inaccurate. Mr and Mrs Brown had a typical bad holiday experience. They arrived at the old hotel which was situated in the middle of nowhere. The brochure claimed that it (build) recently, but it was obvious that it was old. It (not / decorate) for years and the paint was peeling off the walls. The previous owners had sold the hotel, which (buy) by an elderly couple. They (advise) by their children to employ staff to manage it but, unfortunately, people (still / interview) at the time when Mr and Mrs Brown arrived. Food (not / serve) in the restaurant and guests (expect) to make their own arrangements. As if that wasn’t enough, when they went to their rooms, they found the bed linen (not / change) after the previous occupants. As far as Mr and Mrs Brown were concerned the hotel should (close) until adequate staff (employ). It is certainly nothing like the hotel which (describe) in the brochure.
14. Use active or passive, in any appropriate tense, for the verbs in brackets.
1. A valuable painting (steal) from the Central Art Gallery late last night. The thieves (enter) the gallery through a small upstairs window. 2. Walt Disney (creat) the cartoon character Mickey Mouse. 3. This problem (discuss) at the last meeting. 4. In 1964 Martin Luther King (win) the Nobel Prize. In 1968 he (assassinate) in Memphis, Tennessee. 5. The president (arrive) in Rome yesterday afternoon. Later he (interview) on Italian TV. 6. Teachers (give) a new pay rise by the government. The news (announce) earlier today. 7. These photos (take) by my sister. 8. The game (win / probably) by the other team tomorrow. They’re a lot better than we are. 9. There was a terrible accident on a busy downtown street yesterday. Dozens of people (see) it, including my friend, who (interview) by the police. 10. In my country, certain prices (control) by the government, such as the prices of medical supplies. However, other prices (determine) by how much people are willing to pay for a product. 11. Yesterday the wind (blow) my hat off my head. I had to chase it down the street. I (not / want) to lose it because it’s my favourite hat and it (cost) a lot. 12. Right now Alex is in the hospital. He (treat) for a bad burn on his hand and arm. 13. Yesterday a purse-snatcher (catch) by a dog. While the thief (chase) by the police, he (jump) over a fence into someone’s yard, where he met a dog. The dog (keep) the thief from es-
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caping. 14. The first fish (appear) on the earth about 500 million years ago. Up to now, over 20,000 kinds of fish (name) and (describe) by scientists. New species (discover) every year, so the total increases continually. 15. The morning paper (read) by over 200,000 people every day.
16.Last night my favourite program (interrupt) by a special news bulletin.
17.That’s not my coat. It (belong) to Louise. 18. Our mail (deliver) before noon every day. 19. The ‘b’ in ‘comb’ (not / pronounce). It is silent.
20.A bad accident (happen) on Highway 95 last night. 21. When I (arrive) at the airport yesterday, I (meet) by my cousin and a couple of her friends. 22. Yesterday I (hear) about Margaret’s divorce. I (surprise) by the news. Janice (shock). 23. A new house (build) next to ours next year.
24.Radium (discover) by Marie and Pierre Curie in 1898. 25. ‘When (your bike / steal)?’ ‘Two days ago.’ 26. ‘(you, pay) your electric bill yet?’ ‘No, I haven’t, but I’d better pay it today. If I don’t, my electricity (cut off) by the power company.’ 27. ‘Did you hear about the accident?’ ‘What (happen)?’ 28. The Eiffel Tower (be) in Paris, France. It (visit) by millions of people every year. It (design) by Alexander Eiffel (1832–1923). It (erect) in 1889 for the Paris exposition. Since that time, it (be) the most famous landmark in Paris. Today it (recognize) by people throughout the world. 29. I don’t have my car today. It’s in the garage. It (repair) right now. 30. Kate didn’t have her car last week because it was in the garage. While it (repair), she took the bus to work. 31. I’m sorry, but the computer job is no longer available. A new computer programmer (hire / already). 32. What (products / manufacture) in your country? 33. The examination papers are scored by machine. The students (tell) their results next week.
34.The organizers (exhibit) the paintings till the end of the month.
35.The teacher (assist) by two graduate students during the exam yesterday. 36. ‘Where (you / buy) that beautiful necklace?’ ‘I (not / buy) it. It (give) to me for my birthday. (you / like) it?’ 37. Soon after I (apply) for a job with the United Nations two years ago, I (hire). 38. Yesterday we went to look for an apartment. I really liked it, but by the time we got there, it (rent / already). 39. There’s going to be a story in the local newspaper about my neighbour, Mrs Morris. Tomorrow she (interview) by one of the local reporters about her doll collection. Over the years, she (collect) more than 400 dolls all over the world. 40. Ali and Mustafa (complain) to the landlord many times since they moved into their
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present apartment, but to date nothing (do) about the leak in the roof and the broken window in the bedroom. 41. The Clarks’ living room (redecorate) in blue and white. They want it to look nice for their daughter’s wedding reception. 42. The old clock wasn’t ticking because it (not / wind). Someone forgot to do it. 43. The news of the victory (broadcast) throughout the country over the radio and television. Everyone (hear) about it almost as soon as it (happen). 44. Only coffee and dessert (serve) at the reception yesterday. 45. Kim wants very badly to make the Olympic team next year. She (train) hard for the last two years. 46. Mark is a genius. By the time he (graduate), he (offer) jobs by a dozen computer companies. 47. When I (finish) my work, I’m going to take a walk. 48. After the test papers (return) to the students in class tomorrow, the students (give) their next assignment. 49. The Olympic Games (begin) in 776 B.C. in Olympia, a small town in Greece. At that time, only Greeks (allow) to compete in them. 50. The message, as Ann (dictate) it, (type) by a girl clerk. 51. ‘Can’t we do something about the situation?’ ‘Something (do) right now.’ 52. ‘Has the committee made its decision yet?’ ‘Not yet. They (still / consider) the proposal.’ 53. Something funny (happen) in class yesterday. 54. I (agree) with you on that subject. 55. Let’s go ahead and do it now. Nothing (accomplish) by waiting. 56. ‘When can I have my car back?’ ‘I think it (finish) late this afternoon.’ 57. This coat (wear) a lifetime. 58. The exhibition (open) on the 3rd of October. 59. She (fall) into the water because she (push).
15. Put the verb in brackets into the correct passive or active tense.
1.
We have an old musical instrument. It (call) a clavichord. It (make) in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord (keep) in the living room. It (belong) to our family for a long time. The instrument (buy) by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it (damage) by a visitor. She (try) to play jazz on it! She (strike) the keys too hard and two of the strings (break). My father (shock). Now we (not/allow) to touch it. It (repair) by a friend of my father’s.
2.
Ted Robinson (worry) all the week. Last Tuesday he (receive) a letter from the local police. In the letter he (ask) to call at the station. Ted (wonder) why he (want) by the police, but he (go) to the police station
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yesterday and now he (not / worry) any more. At the station he (tell) by a smiling policeman that his bicycle (find). Five days ago, the policeman (tell) him, the bicycle (pick up) in a small village four hundred miles away. It (now / send) to his home by train. Ted (surprise) when he (hear) the news. He (amuse) too, because he (never / expect) the bicycle (find). It (steal) twenty years ago when Ted (be) a boy of fifteen!
3.
The Olympic Games (hold) in our country in four years’ time. As many people (visit) the country, the government (build) new hotels, a large stadium, a fine new swimming pool. They (also / build) new roads and a special railway-line. The Games (hold) just outside the capital and the whole area (call) ‘Olympic City’. Workers (complete) the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year they (finish) work on the new stadium. The fine modern buildings (design) by Kurt Gunter. Everybody (watch) anxiously as the new buildings (go up). We (all / excite) and (look forward) to the Olympic Games because they (never / hold) in this country.
4.
Cindy and Petra are members of a volleyball team.
Cindy: Why (Clare / not / be) at the training session? Petra: (you / not / hear)? She (throw out) for stealing. Cindy: No! Really?
Petra: Yes. She (see) taking money from someone’s bag in the changing room. As it (turn out) it was Karen’s bag.
Cindy: Oh dear. That’s terrible!
Petra: Clare said she (tell) to fetch the money by Karen but when Karen (ask) about it, she said she (not / know) what Clare (talk about).
Cindy: But how stupid of Karen to leave money in the changing room! Petra: Yes. She (tell) that by the manager too.
Cindy: She (not / do) it again, anyhow.
Petra: No, I guess not. What (you / think) Clare (do) now?
Cindy: I don’t know. This is the second club she (ask) to leave, isn’t it? Petra: Yes. It’s hard to know what can (do) by someone like Clare.
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