Английский язык. Практические задания для подготовки к централизованному тестированию и устному экзамену
.pdf
A26) |
1) to |
2) on |
3) for |
4) toward |
A27) |
1) fashions |
2) styles |
3) tastes |
4) ways |
A28) |
1) referred |
2) spoken |
3) considered |
4) described |
A29) |
1) ideas |
2) articles |
3) texts |
4) content |
A30) |
1) fans |
2) viewers |
3) politicians |
4) readers |
A31) |
1) latest |
2) last |
3) present |
4) current |
A32) |
1) cater |
2) appeal |
3) attract |
4) entertain |
Выберите реплику-стимул, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной ответной реплике. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А33) Well, I think you shouldn’t be so categorical!
1)What an original program!
2)These reality shows are simply horrible!
3)Why not switch over to another channel?
4)Could you recommend something with a fresh approach?
A34) You don`t say! Why not try to be more selective?
1)Surfing the Net is good fun.
2)I would rather read than sit in the chat-room.
3)The Internet makes people passive.
4)The Net is nothing but the world`s trash bin.
Выберите ответную реплику, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной реплике-стимулу. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А35) Thanks for the magazines. How much do I owe you?
1) Who can say? |
2) |
Nonsense! |
3) It’s my treat. |
4) |
No matter what. |
Прочитайте текст и выберите вариант ответа, соответствующий содержанию прочитанного текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.
(1) Newspapers, magazines, television, radio – collectively termed ‘the media’ – play a vital and influential part in daily life in Britain. They inform and educate, question and challenge – and, of course, they en-
161
tertain. And, with their long tradition of independence and freedom, they boost democratic debate on the issues of the day.
(2)The media have to satisfy a very demanding audience. Television viewing remains by far the most popular home-based pastime among people in Britain, reflected in the fact that about 97 per cent of households have a colour television set. Around 85 per cent of the population also regularly listens to the radio, while more daily newspapers, both national and regional, are sold for every person in Britain than in most other industrialised countries. The media industry is being transformed by new technology. In broadcasting, for example, greater diversity has already been opened up by satellite and cable transmission; and at the dawning of the digital era there are major implications not only for sound and picture quality but also for choice and range of services. In recognition of this potential, a more flexible legislative framework for the development of digital broadcasting in Britain was introduced by the Government in the Broadcasting Act 1996.
(3)Meanwhile, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), while maintaining its longstanding and international reputation as a public service broadcaster, is adapting to meet the commercial challenges of an increasingly competitive media environment. And a new terrestrial television station – Channel 5 – is on the air, covering about 70 per cent of the country. At one time London’s Fleet Street was the centre of the newspaper industry, but now all the national newspapers have moved their editorial offices and printing plants to other parts of the capital – many to Docklands, a regenerated area to the east of the city.
А36) The article focuses on
1)the problems the British media face these days
2)the popularity of the British media
3)various aspects of the British media industry
А37) According to the article new transmission methods bring about
1)changes for the worse
2)changes for the better
3)no changes at all
А38) The British media industry can’t help being influenced and
1)has to face new challenges and cope with them
2)has to give up its position
3)has to remain at its present level
162
A39) It can be inferred from the article that the British media have to cater for ... .
1)a variety of tastes and opinions
2)a limited audience
3)a rather indifferent audience
Определите, в каком значении слово употреблено в тексте. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А40) |
boost (1) |
|
|
|
1) shoot |
2) lift |
3) encourage |
А41) |
framework (2) |
|
|
|
1) structure |
2) support |
3) line |
Выберите правильный вариант перевода в соответствии с содержанием текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А42) They inform and educate, question and challenge... (1)
1)Они информируют и образовывают, спрашивают и взывают...
2)Они информируют и просвещают, задают вопросы и заставляют задуматься...
3)Они информируют и учат, задают вопросы и провоциру-
ют...
Прочитайте текст. Подберите заголовок к каждому абзацу в соответствии с его содержанием.
(A43) ___Media studies definitions are changing quickly as digital technology evolves, taking mass media and advertising and marketing communications in new directions. By definition, mass communication is a message created by a person or a group of people sent through a transmitting device (a medium) to a large audience or market. But this definition is only one of many.
(A44) ___Mass media is any medium used to transmit mass communication. Until recently mass media was clearly defined and was comprised of the eight mass media industries; Books, Newspa-
163
pers, Magazines, and Recordings, Radio, Movies, Television and the Internet.
(A45) ___Developing new technology breeds new questions. The continuing explosion of digital communication technology is producing more than a little confusion on the subject. Should cell phones be included in a definition of mass media? What about video and computer games? Is “World of Warcraft” a mass medium strictly speaking? Considerable debate surrounds this topic at the moment and the answer is still not entirely clear.
(A46) ___A cell phone or any phone for that matter is not typically considered to be a mass medium. A telephone is a simple twoway communication device, capable of serving only few people at time. Looking at the definition of mass media, it is clear that a mass medium must communicate a message to a large group, often simultaneously. However, modern cell phones are no longer a single use device. Most cell phones are equipped with internet access and capable of connecting to the web which is in fact a mass medium. Does this make cell phones a mass medium or simply a device to access the web?
(A47) ___Currently, there is a plan in motion that will allow marketers and advertisers to tap into satellites and broadcast commercials and advertisements directly to millions of cell phones, unsolicited by the phone’s user. Transmitting mass advertising to millions of people is indeed mass communication. Someday, in the near future, you may check your cell phone and find it flashing a message that you have two missed calls and that four out of five dentists chose Trident.
(A48) ___Video games may also be evolving into a mass medium. Consider the fact that video games certainly contain messages and ideologies conveyed to users. Users sometimes share the experience by playing online but players of video games are also sharing a common experience when they have played the game separately. It is possible to discuss in great detail the events of a video game with a friend you have never played with because the experience was identical to you both. Are you receiving the same message along with millions of others? Is this mass communication? Experts disagree but once again, the question may soon become moot as advertisers are looking into placing advertise-
164
ments as well as incorporating product placement into the games themselves. As digital communication technology continues to expand, exactly what devices constitute a mass medium will undoubtedly continue to evolve and expand the current definition beyond the eight mass media industries.
Подберите заголовки A43–A45 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.
1)media identity in dispute
2)mass communication problems
3)mass media major fields
4)media vocabulary development
Подберите заголовки A46–A48 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.
1)new marketing targets
2)mass communication “at leisure”
3)the dual nature of some communication devices
4)mass media market of tomorrow
Часть B
Прочитайте текст (В1–В4). Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении. Помните, что каждое слово может быть использовано только один раз и что заданную форму слова необходимо изменить.
GROW, OWN, COMPETE, PRACTICE
British people are listening to the radio as much as ever. (B1) ... every home has a radio, and the widespread (B2) ... of portable sets and car radios means that people can listen day and night. With a wide choice of programs and a (B3) ... number of local and national radio stations, radio is now one of the most (B4) ... areas of broadcasting business.
165
Прочитайте текст (В5–В6). Выпишите по два лишних слова из каждого предложения в порядке их предъявления в тексте.
B5) Journalism dates back at last least from ancient Rome when written announcements of death, marriage and military arrangements were put hung up regularly in public places.
B6) However journalism as we know it today probably comes from the eighteenth century with the appearance of daily magazines newspapers that were written to spread the views of particular parties and social teams groups.
Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
A glance around any newsagent’s shop will give a\an (B7) ... of the huge range of magazines and periodicals available in Britain. Sport, cookery, cinema, pets, religion – no matter (B8) ... someone may be (B9) ... in, there is likely to be a magazine that covers it.
Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках
В10) You (вечно читаешь) these glossy magazines! What do you find there?
В11) Do me a favour and run to the newsagent’s (за сегодняшней газетой), would you?
B12) A great variety of journalism is (предлагается) in Britain these days.
166
Test 19 |
DEVELOPING ENVIRONMENTAL |
||
THINKING |
|||
|
|||
|
|
|
|
Часть A
К каждому заданию даны варианты ответов, из которых только один является верным. Выберите правильный ответ из четырех предложенных.
(A1) ... Eden Project is located in Cornwall, England, in a former clay pit (A2) ... fifty metres deep. It consists of two enormous domes, a large open area and a visitor centre. It is (A3) ... kind of “storeroom” for a huge number of plants from all (A4) ... the world. The two domes house tropical plants and trees, while (A5) ... open area accommodates local species. This unique place is a centre (A6) ... education, art and science. It shows us ways in which plants are vital (A7) ... the world’s existence and promotes understanding of the delicate balance (A8) ... using and conserving plant life.
A1) |
1) – |
2) a |
3) the |
4) an |
A2) |
1) above |
2) over |
3) with |
4) out |
A3) |
1) the |
2) an |
3) a |
4) – |
A4) |
1) across |
2) about |
3) – |
4) over |
A5) |
1) the |
2)- |
3) an |
4) a |
A6) |
1) on |
2) in |
3) for |
4) by |
A7) |
1) for |
2) to |
3) in |
4) with |
A8) |
1) among |
2) – |
3) between |
4) for |
Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.
The government (A9) ... recently some plans which should help to protect the environment. Firstly, the tax system could be changed, so that anyone who (A10) ... a big car which consumes a lot of petrol (A11) ...
167
more taxes than people who drive smaller cars. In addition, company car parks (A12) ... so that companies will encourage their employees to travel to work by train or by bus. Cycling tracks which (A13) ...
people to cycle safely (A14) ... and the need for so many car journeys (A15) ... by the end of the decade. Lastly, the government (A16) ... to reduce the number of heavy lorries on the road. These ideas are good, but not always practical. Many people live too far away from the places of their work or study and they can’t cycle there regularly. If small factories (A17) ... closer to people’s homes, we (A18) ... save money and reduce pollution!
A9) |
1) has been announced |
2) announced |
|
3) has been announcing |
4) has announced |
A10) |
1) drive |
2) has driven |
|
3) is driving |
4) drives |
A11) |
1) will pay |
2) is paying |
|
3) is paid |
4) will be paying |
A12) |
1) will tax |
2) will be taxing |
|
3) will be taxed |
4) are taxed |
A13) |
1) will have enabled |
2) will enable |
|
3) are enabling |
4) enable |
A14) |
1) will have built |
2) will be built |
|
3) will have been built |
4) will built |
A15) |
1) will reduce |
2) will be reducing |
|
3) will have been reduced |
4) reduced |
A16) |
1) plans |
2) is planning |
|
3) will plan |
4) has planned |
A17) |
1) are |
2) have been |
|
3) had been |
4) were |
A18) |
1) would |
2) will |
|
3) would have |
4) – |
Прочитайте предложения. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.
А19) The committee discussed ... industrial gas emissions.
1) reduce |
2) reduced |
3) to reduce |
4) reducing |
168
А20) ... was found guilty of dumping barrels of chemicals into the river.
1)The chemical’s factory owner
2)The chemical’s factory’s owner
3)The chemical factory’s owner
4)The chemical factory owner’s
А21) Environment gets more polluted ... a lot of areas are affected by human activity.
1) for fear 2) after |
3) as long as 4) until |
Укажите номер подчеркнутого фрагмента, в котором допущена ошибка.
А22) Natural predators, disturbing (1) from tourists, and pollution have
(2) all contributed to (3) the decline (4) of the California condor.
А23) While (1) the deer were (2) under the effect of the tranquilizer, the scientists put a tag on its (3) ear and recorded the details about (4) the animal.
А24) Scientists worry what (1) the continued (2) use of certain pollutants may (3) damage the Earth’s (4) ozone layer.
А25) Local authorities are anxious (1) to hear from (2) anyone who ought to have seen (3) people leaving (4) litter in the park.
Прочитайте текст, выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа. Укажите выбранный вариант.
It is important to find out what raw (A26) ... a product uses. Did the table and chairs in your living-room involve rainforest (A27) ...? If they are made of mahogany the (A28) ... is “yes”. We should only buy woods that come from (A29) ... which can be maintained long term, without (A30) ... damage to the environment. Aluminium cans are made from bauxite, a kind of clay, which is often (A31) ... up in tropical forests. The recycling of these cans is well-established in Australia, Canada and the US, all of (A32) ... reuse more than 50 per cent of the aluminium.
A26) |
1) ingredients |
2) materials |
3) parts |
4) elements |
A27) |
1) murder |
2) damage |
3) remains |
4) destruction |
169
A28) |
1) clue |
2) prompt |
3) answer |
4) reaction |
A29) |
1) roots |
2) situations |
3) stores |
4) sources |
A30) |
1) giving |
2) taking |
3) bringing |
4) causing |
A31) |
1) mined |
2) dug |
3) worked |
4) pushed |
A32) |
1) them |
2) these |
3) which |
4) whose |
Выберите реплику-стимул, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной ответной реплике. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А33) If I were you, I’d start with your own backyard, clean all the rubbish and plants flowers and shrubs.
1)I’m going for a walk.
2)I’m joining an environmental project.
3)I’m going shopping.
4)Don’t bother me.
A34) I`ve never thought of it like that.
1)Hey, don`t do that! Even a small piece of paper adds to the general pollution.
2)You are smoking again! Why would you do that?
3)What`s the matter? You are not yourself today.
4)You look pale. Is it because of the weather change?
Выберите ответную реплику, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной реплике-стимулу. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А35) Whatever am I to do with all this waste paper? It’s a shame just to throw it away.
1)Who told you that?
2)Not instead.
3)Yeah, I wish we had more recycling bins.
4)I’m not with you here.
170