Английский язык. Практические задания для подготовки к централизованному тестированию и устному экзамену
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IMAGIINE, PRECISE, WILD, EXHILARATE
The Highlands is an (B1) ... term for the upland area which covers the northern part of Scotland. The area is known for its mountains, lakes, sea and wide (B2) ... space. This is one of Europe’ last (B3) ... beautiful as well as (B4) ... .
Прочитайте текст (В5–В6). Выпишите по два лишних слова из каждого предложения в порядке их предъявления в тексте.
B5) The Dover Castle is often referred to as the key to for England.
B6) It impresses every visitor tourist with its beauty, grandeur and sheer simple breathtaking size.
Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
If, like me you are called John Smith and you live in England, you have the (B7) ... name as thousands of other people. When I meet someone for the first time, people often think they have met me before (B8) ... . Then they realize that they are thinking of somebody else – (B9) ... John Smith.
Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках.
В10) These days London is a multinational (сообщество).
В11) I don’t think it really rains a lot in Britain (не так ли?)
B12) One can (встретить) across a lot of prehistoric relics on the territory of the British Isles.
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Test 14 |
GETTING TO KNOW MORE ABOUT |
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THE USA |
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Часть A
К каждому заданию даны варианты ответов, из которых только один является верным. Выберите правильный ответ из четырех предложенных.
(А1) ... F/few men have influenced the development of American English (A2) ... the extent that Noah Webster did. Webster graduated from Yale in 1778. He was admitted (A3) ... the bar in 1781 and thereafter began to practice (A4) ... law. Later, when he turned (A5) ... teaching, he discovered how inadequate (A6) ... available schoolbooks were for the children of a new and independent nation. (A7) ... response to the need (A8) ... truly American textbooks, Webster published “A Grammatical Institute of the English Language”, a three-volume work that included a speller, a grammar and a reader.
А1) |
1) a |
2) the |
3) – |
4) an |
А2) |
1) to |
2) by |
3) with |
4) for |
А3) |
1) into |
2) in |
3) to |
4) – |
А4) |
1) a |
2) – |
3) an |
4) the |
А5) |
1) into |
2) to |
3) at |
4) from |
А6) |
1) the |
2) a |
3) – |
4) an |
А7) |
1) in |
2) for |
3) by |
4) to |
А8) |
1) of |
2) off |
3) for |
4) with |
Прочитайте текст. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.
Traditionally, America’s fast food companies (A9) ... teenagers. While teenagers (A10) ... cheap labour, they are sometimes unreliable. So fast-
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food companies (A11) ... into another source of cheap labour – the elderly. Older people are less likely to skip a day of work or quit without giving notice, but because they (A12) ... up with computers, they (A13)
... the high-tech fast food counter with horror. Training centres (A14)
... in order to teach “mature workers” how to operate computerized or automatic devices. Such students (A15) ... into classrooms with their peers to avoid shyness. Many of them (A16) ... all their lives not knowing how to use a basic calculator! Yet by the end of the course most of the elderly students (A17) ... quite professional, and some of them (A18) ... even to use computers in their everyday lives.
А9) |
1) hire |
2) hired |
|
3) have hired |
4) are hiring |
А10) |
1) are providing |
2) provide |
|
3) have provided |
4) are provided |
A11) |
1) have been looking |
2) were looking |
|
3) look |
4) are looking |
А12) |
1) are not brought |
2) were not brought |
|
3) have not been brought |
4) had not been brought |
А13) |
1) view |
2) are viewing |
|
3) are viewed |
4) have viewed |
А14) |
1) are opened |
2) are being opened |
|
3) are opening |
4) were opened |
А15) |
1) put |
2) are put |
|
3) have been put |
4) will be put |
А16) |
1) have been living |
2) live |
|
3) lived |
4) have lived |
А17) |
1) are becoming |
2) will become |
|
3) will have become |
4) are going to become |
А18) |
1) will have started |
2) will be starting |
|
3) will be started |
4) start |
Прочитайте предложения. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.
А19) It’s no good ... that Americans value privacy too much. You have to respect that.
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1) saying |
2) say |
3) to say |
4) said |
А20) In the United States about 60 per cent of the space on newspaper pages ... for advertising.
1) are reserved |
2) reserves |
3) is being reserved |
4) is reserved. |
А21) ... the United States consists of many different ethnic groups there exists a definite national character.
1) in spite of |
2) despite |
3) even though |
4) whether |
Укажите номер подчеркнутого фрагмента, в котором допущена ошибка.
А22) For at least (1) 4000 years Native American artists adorned rocks, cliff walls and caves in the American Southwest (2) with an (3) amazing various (4) of symbolic figures.
А23) The plan connected (1) the Hudson river with Lake Erie (2) by a (3) canal was first proposed in the late eighteenth (4) century.
А24) Pop Art was a movement of the (1) 1950’s and 1960’s (2) whom
(3) imagery was based on readily (4) recognized American products and people.
A25) If Columbus were not looking (1) for the (2) new way to India America probably (3) would have never been discovered (4).
Прочитайте текст, выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа. Укажите выбранный вариант.
In the genre known as American Literature the woman (A26) ... to be presented as either a victim or sufferer. Most of American novels (A27) ... the female as being disillusioned with her (A28) ... and (A29) ... chances. The main themes (A30) ... on the different kinds of relationships women have in their lives. However the situation is changing for the better. (A31) ... feministic influence female characters have (A32) ... enough confidence and independence to become equal to men.
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А26) |
1) tends |
2) seeks |
3) hopes |
4) has |
А27) |
1) establish |
2) portray |
3) imply |
4) illustrate |
А28) |
1) plot |
2) load |
3) lot |
4) way |
А29) |
1) forgotten |
2) forbidden |
3) left |
4) lost |
А30) |
1) base |
2) center |
3) stand |
4) set |
A31) |
1) according to |
2) due |
3) thanks to |
4) for fear of |
A32) |
1) acquired |
2) had |
3) possessed |
4) bought |
Выберите реплику-стимул, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной ответной реплике. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А33) Yes, that’s the price they have to pay for their fondness of fast food.
1)Are all Americans keen on baseball?
2)I’ve been told that most Americans are obese.
3)What do you think of Americans?
4)Is it true that Americans are always smiling?
A34) Welcome to Belarus and feel at home.
1)Meet Professor Green, our guest from the USA.
2)Have you met this woman before?
3)I always find it hard to make new acquaintances.
4)How do you do?
Выберите ответную реплику, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной реплике-стимулу. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А35) Are those British or American tourists?
1)Who cares?
2)It doesn’t concern me in the least.
3)They can’t be British, with their accents and loud voices.
4)They are both.
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Прочитайте текст и выберите вариант ответа, соответствующий содержанию прочитанного текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.
(1)Staggering tasks confronted the people of the United States, North and South, when the Civil War ended. About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized, readjusted to civilian life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy. Civil government also had to be put back on a peacetime basis and interference from the military had to be stopped.
(2)The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North, though less spectacularly. Industries had to adjust to peacetime conditions; factories had to be retooled for civilian needs. Financial problems loomed large in both the North and the South. The national debt had shot up from a modest $65 million in 1861, the year the war started, to nearly $3 billion in 1865, the year the war ended. This was a colossal sum for those days but one that a prudent government could pay. At the same time, war taxes had to be reduced to less burdensome levels.
(3)Physical devastation caused by invading armies, chiefly in the South and border states, had to be repaired. This Herculean task was ultimately completed, but with discouraging slowness.
(4)Other important questions needed answering. What would be the future of the four million Black people who were freed from slavery? On what basis were the Southern states to be brought back into the Union? What of the Southern leaders, all of whom were liable to charges of treason? One of these leaders, Jefferson Davis, president of the Southern Confederacy, was the subject of an insulting popular Northern song, “Hang Jeff Davis from a Sour Apple Tree,” and even children sang it. Davis was temporarily chained in his prison cell during the early days of his two-year imprisonment. But he and the other Southern leaders were finally released, partly because it was unlikely that a jury from Virginia, a Southern Confederate state, would convict them. All the leaders were finally pardoned by President Johnson in 1868 in an effort to help reconstruction efforts proceed with as little bitterness as possible.
А36) The text focuses on the problems that
1) people of the American South had to face during the Civil War
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2)people of the USA had to face after the Civil War
3)people of the USA had to face before the Civil War
А37) According to the text, the North
1)had to cope only with industrial reconstruction
2)had to deal mainly with industrial reconstruction
3)had no problems whatsoever
А38) Not to aggravate the situation in the country,
1)war taxes had to be abolished altogether
2)war taxes had to be lessened
3)war taxes had to be temporarily banned
А39) President Johnson pardoned the Southern leaders because
1)he was afraid of bad publicity
2)he didn’t know what else to do with them.
3)he wanted to promote goodwill and peace in the country
Определите, в каком значении слово употреблено в тексте. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А40) plight (2)
1)a problem
2)a dead end
3)a difficult and sad situation
А41) prudent (2)
1)accurate
2)wise
3)enterprising
Выберитеправильныйвариантпереводавсоответствии с содержанием текста. Укажите выбранный вариант.
А42) What of the Southern leaders... (4)
1)Что же касается лидеров Юга...
2)Как поступить с лидерами Юга...
3)Что будет с лидерами Юга...
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Прочитайте текст. Подберите заголовок к каждому абзацу в соответствии с его содержанием.
(A43) ___Washington D.C. is a “district” created by the Congress of the United States in 1790 as the nation’s capital. All the city’s other names, including such as ‘Executive City’, ‘Great White City’, ‘Capital of the Vast Republic’, ‘Capitol City’ and many others, reflect the picturesque individuality of the place.
(A44) ___In the early years, the U.S. Congress met in several cities, including Philadelphia, New York and Princeton, before committing to a permanent seat of government in 1790. George Washington personally selected the site of the nation’s permanent capital in 1791, and Congress agreed because it was a natural midpoint that would satisfy both northern and southern states. Maryland and Virginia agreed to donate land to create the District of Columbia, and an area ‘ten miles square’ (26 sq km) was laid out. Virginia’s portion south of the river was returned to that state in 1846.
(A45) ___President George Washington commissioned French architect Pierre L’Enfant, one of his staff officers at Valley Forge, to design the new city. When L’EnFant laid the plans for Washington DC, he designed it in the mold of Paris, complete with grassy fields, long reflecting pools, and a sense of beauty that would be lost in an urbanized relative. Soon after the construction began, L’Enfant was fired and replaced by the city surveyor Andrew Ellicott and Benjamin Banneker, a freeborn black man who was an astronomer and mathematician. Parts of L’Enfant’s vision for the layout of the city can still be seen today, including the Washington Monument.
(A46) ___Work started on the ornate Capitol in 1793, and the seat of government was transferred from Philadelphia to Washington on December 1, 1800. But construction of the first phase of the Capitol was not completed until 1826. President John Adams was the first resident in the White House, moving into the unfinished building in 1800.
(A47) ___Two hundred years ago, the world wondered why America had chosen this swampy locale as its capital. It took its first hundred years for Washington to evolve from bumpkin backwater status to an international hub of power, diplomacy, and beauty.
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(A48) ___Today Washington D.C. plays a unique role both in national and international life. Washington, D.C. is the only major planned city in the United States and one of the nation’s most impressive sightseeing places. The central northwestern portion of the city, surrounding the Mall, is the focus of governmental activity and is defined by the structures housing the various units of government: the Capitol, on Capitol Hill; the White House, at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue; the Supreme Court; the Library of Congress; the State Department; the Justice Department; the Federal Bureau of Investigation; and many more. Interspersed among these buildings are the Washington Monument; the Lincoln and Jefferson memorials on either side of the Tidal Basin, around which Japanese cherry trees flower each spring; and the imposing neo-Gothic facade of the Smithsonian Institution. The Pentagon complex lies across the Potomac in Virginia adjacent to Arlington National Cemetery.
Подберите заголовки A43–A45 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.
1)‘D.C.’ creation
2)US capital
3)‘speaking’ nicknames
4)Washington, D.C. designers
Подберите заголовки A46–A48 из предложенных (1–4). Один заголовок является лишним.
1)Washington, D.C. sights
2)The major American city
3)The ‘star’ building
4)‘D.C.’ purpose at home and abroad
Часть B
Прочитайте текст (В1–В4). Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той
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форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении. Помните, что каждое слово может быть использовано только один раз и что заданную форму слова необходимо изменить.
SPIRIT, SLAVE, CHARACTER, FLEXIBLE
Jazz is a black American musical form, born in the South in the aftermath of (B1) ... and the American Civil War. It is an amalgam of several sources: military marches, black work-songs and (B2) ... . African harmony, melody and rhythms mixed with European harmony are the (B3) ... elements of this musical style. Jazz is famous for its (B4) ... .
Прочитайте текст (В5–В6). Выпишите по два лишних слова из каждого предложения в порядке их предъявления в тексте.
B5) Originally an American concept, shopping malls with their combination of entertainment and shopping have proven to be irresistible to clients consumers from all over the world.
B6) One of the basic reasons of for the popularity of malls is the enormous variety of shops that can are to be found under one vast roof.
Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.
The Mississippi River and (B7) ... tributaries make the world’s fourthlongest river system. Two Canadian provinces and thirty-one (B8) ...
in the USA have rivers that drain (B9) ... the Mississippi. As the great river flows down to join the sea, it carries sand and clay and makes the Mississippi delta.
Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках
В10) (Большинство) Americans are friendly and well-meaning В11) How many states can you name (на память)?
B12) The Declaration of Independence (заложила фундамент) of American democracy.
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