1. The storm prevented the ship from reaching the port in time. 2. Have you the means of helping him now? 3. He did not like being read to. 4. Be careful in crossing the street. 5. This prevented the letter from being sent off. 6. She was quite disappointed at not seeing them there again. 7. Swimming against the current was difficult and dangerous work. 8. What is worth doing at all worth doing well. 9. He enjoyed sleeping in the open air. 10. After sleeping for about an hour he was awakened by a loud noise. 11. I dislike borrowing things from people. 12. Before signing the contract he wanted to receive the approval of the chairman. 13. There was no chance finding a vessel of the required size. 14. The sellers were informed of the importance of preparing the goods for shipment immediately. 15. Upon receiving the charterer's orders he communicated them to the captain of the vessel.

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Ex. 2. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary

1.There is no use … trying to stop that.

2.I'm sorry if I hurt your vanity … saying so.

3.She only succeded … opening a restaurant.

4.Lanny passed dancing people … seeing them.

5.They love … being dominated.

6.He wouldn’t drop his subject till he had brought you round to his way … thinking.

7.We reached the river … crossing the meadow.

8.… crossing the river at that time of the year was out of the question.

9.You must forgive me … calling at such an hour.

10.But I was afraid … intruding upon a sorrow I could not lighten.

11.I was thinking … bringing her to talk to you.

12.She has been used … having her own way.

13.He guessed that the Baron must be tired … sitting.

14.Somebody told me she'd taken … wearing a wig.

15.They say that you're very clever … finding out what did happen.

16.You see, if a man's getting off with a girl, people notice it usually because men aren't so good … hiding their tracks.

17.Perhaps somebody would have a better chance … doing well in life.

Ex. 3. Translate the sentences into English using gerunds for the words in italics

1. Похоже, что будет дождь. 2. Он оставил мысль о поездке на Черное море. 3. Он подумывает о женитьбе. 4. Они говорили об отправке своего человека на Восток. 5. Мы с нетерпением ждем встречи с английским актером. 6. Она подозревает, что он тратит много денег на диски. 7. Он против того, чтобы занимать деньги. 8. Я не чувствую себя в настроении разговаривать с ним сейчас. 9. Они преуспели в управлении делами этой компании. 10. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы читать эту книгу в оригинале.

11. Он обвиняет ее в том, что она неверна ему (to be unfaithful to smb.).12. Я

хочу предотвратить драку. 13. Он одобряет проведение свободного времени

на воздухе. 14. Она жалуется, что ее часто оставляют одну. 15. Много зависит от выбора хорошей машины. 16. Она была занята шитьем нового платья. 17. Он любит смотреть спортивные передачи.

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Герундиальные конструкции

Ex. 4. Read and translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the syntactical function of the gerundial construction

1. His being a foreigner, an ex-enemy was enough. 2. Her getting married caused much grief to] her family. 3. His constant smoking in bed irritated his wife. 4. The only escape was our leaving the town at once. 5. The most exciting thing was their wearing fancy ball dresses. 6. Sometimes people who are in good health think they have cancer and won't live another year and that can lead to their taking their own life. 7. The children enjoyed playing with you and you were very kind in your playing with them. 8. My son, such a dear boy, we have great hopes of his doing well in the future. 9. I don't like the idea of us starting so early. 10. Her thoughts were interrupted at last, by the door opening gently. 11. I have a mother's feelings and I can never look at a confirmed bachelor without the tears coming into my eyes. 12. In spite of his coming in time we could not start at once.

Ex. 5. Translate the sentences into English, using gerundial constructions for the part of the sentence given in italics

1.He могу представить, чтобы кто-нибудь получил удовольствие от этой поездки.

2.Учителям не нравится, когда дети плохо себя ведут (to behave oneself).

3.Прежде чем вы уйдете, я настаиваю, чтобы вы ответили на кое-какие вопросы.

4.Бесполезно тебе говорить мне, что ты будешь хорошим.

5.Ты удивлена, что я разговариваю с тобой таким тоном?

6.Я мечтаю, что он станет знаменитым писателем.

7.Ей не нравилось (она не одобряла), что ее дочь употребляет много косметики.

8.Она часто думала о том, как вернется в родной город.

9.Родители часто жалуются, что дети к ним невнимательны.

10.Внезапная смерть отца помешала ему отправиться в экспедицию.

11.Она была недовольна тем, что мы вернулись очень поздно.

12.Что толку, что он ходит в институт?

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13.Я дрожу от мысли, что его могут поймать и посадить в тюрьму.

14.Она даже не могла и мечтать, что он обратит на нее внимание.

15.Нет никакого смысла в том, что он отказывается видеть своих близких.

ВНЕШНИЕ ПРИЗНАКИ, ОТЛИЧАЮЩИЕ ОТГЛАГОЛЬНОЕ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ ОТ ГЕРУНДИЯ

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Ex.1. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Define the -ing forms:

a)the gerund

b)the verbal noun

1.He thanks her for her coming.

2.On coming to Khabarovsk I'll meet you.

3.The writing of tests takes a lot of time.

4.I am very tired from the questioning.

5.Many new buildings have been constructed there lately.

6.I have no idea of your learning English.

7.Without learning English you must be a good specialist.

8.Would you mind not interrupting me?

9.His comings to our party are always great pleasure for us.

10.Listening to the tapes helps you to master English.

Ex.2. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the meaning of partirples, gerund, infinitive and verbal noun. Define them in the following sentences

1.The Market Research institute deals with the problems facing the domestic trade.

2.I did not know of a variety of articles being produced by the plant.

3.He didn't take part in the sittings of the committee.

4.By telephoning every hour, she eventually managed to speak to the doctor.

5.The factory is known to be producing a great variety of goods.

6.I grew up in a car-making town.

7.It was a record-breaking performance.

8.More goods of a better quality are to be produced in the near future.

9.Satisfaction of material needs depends on both nominal wages and prices, the relationship between them being real wages.

10.To expand further the retail trade turnover we must increase the output of consumer goods.

Ex. 3. Define the part of speech of the words with -ing ending (gerund, participle I, verbal noun). Translate the sentences

1.On coming to Khabarovsk I will meet you.

2.Many new buildings have been constructed there recently.

3.While translating one must use a dictionary.

4.He thanked her for her coming.

5.His comings to our party are always great pleasure for us.

6.Listening to the tapes helps you to master English.

7.By moving into a smaller house, she managed to save money.

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8.On opening the box she was surprised to find a new watch.

9.I'm very tired from the questioning.

10.Having left work early, she was able to avoid the heavy traffic.

Ex. 4. Translate the following sentences into English, using the gerund, the infinitive or participle I

1.Есть только один способ разрешить этот вопрос.

2.Он стал принимать это лекарство после того, как посоветовался с врачом.

3.Я не имел возможности побывать на юге Франции.

4.Получив приглашение принять участие в конференции, он начал готовиться к ней.

5.Узнав, что компания продала его изобретение, не поговорив с ним, изобретатель возмутился (рассердился).

6.Я не знаю, почему они решили отложить этот вопрос до следующей недели, вместо того, чтобы обсудить его тут же.

7.Я ничего не могу сказать о преимуществах этой модели, не посмотрев

еев действии.

8.Я не вижу причины увеличивать гарантийный срок.

9.У нас нет возможности завершить эту работу на этой неделе.

10.Я знаю причину, по которой вы покинули город.

V. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Условные предложения

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Сослагательное наклонение после "I wish"

I wish (that) you would / could call me tomorrow.

Мне хотелось бы, чтобы вы мне завтра позвонили.

subject+wish+(that)+simple past tense …

для (Ved or F2)

настоящего

I wish (that) you had called him yesterday.

Жаль, что ты не позвонил ему вчера. или

I wish (that) you would / could have called him yesterday.

Жаль, что ты не смог позвонить ему вчера.

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Особенности перевода отдельных предложений с "I wish"

Ex 1. Make sentences following the model:

E.g. If you (to be) free, I (to come) to see you.

If you are free, I shall come to see you.

If you were free, I should come to see you.

If you had been free, I should have come to see you.

If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad.

If I see her, I shall be glad.

If I saw her, I should be glad.

If I had seen her, I should have been glad.

1. If my friend (to come) to see me, I (to be) very glad. 2. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea party. 3. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry). 4. If you (not to work) systematically, you (to fail) at the examination. 5. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone. 6. If I (to live) in Moscow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year. 7. If I (to get) a ticket, I (to go) to the Philharmonic. 8. If I (to live) near a wood, I (to gather) a lot of mushrooms. 9. If my father (to return) early, we (to watch) TV together. 10. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.

Ex 2. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form

1. If you (not to buy) coffee, we shall drink tea. 2. If he is free tomorrow, he certainly (to come) to our party. 3. My brother would not have missed so many lessons if he (not to hurt) his leg. 4. If my friend (to work) in my office, we should meet every day. 5. If you spoke English every day, you (to improve) your language skills. 6. If you get a "five", your mother (to be) happy. 7. If she (to return) earlier, she would have been able to see him before he left. 8. If these shoes were not too big for me, I (to buy) them. 9. If you (to ring) me up, I shall tell you a secret. 10. If you (to be) a poet, you would write beautiful poetry. 11. If he did not read so much, he (not to know) English literature so well. 12. If he (to come) to our house yesterday, he would have met his friend. 13. If he (not to pass) his examination, he will not get a scholarship. 14. If she (not to help) me, I

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should have been in a very difficult situation. 15. My father would have more free time if he (not to read) so many newspapers. 16. If only you had let me know, I (to go) there immediately. 17. If I were a famous singer, I (to get) a lot of flowers every day.

Ex. 3. Write a sentence with If … for each situation:

1. The travellers had no camera with them, so they could not take photos of the beautiful scenery. If ... 2. There was no sugar left, so we had to go to the shop late in the evening. If ... 3. This house is very nice and comfortable, but it is not very good for living because it is situated close to a chemical plant and the air around is very bad. If ... . 4. He is an excellent specialist, but I cannot ask his advice because I am not acquainted with him. If ... . 5. You cannot enjoy this merry evening party because you have a toothache. If ... . 6. You know the material well enough, but you are very absent-minded, and that's why you always make many mistakes. If ... 7. You did not ring me up, so I did not know you were in trouble. If ... . 8. You left the child alone in the room, so he hurt himself. If :.. . 9. They spent a year in the tropics, so they got very sun-tanned. If

... . 10. It rained heavily, so we got drenched to the skin. If ... . 11. Why didn't you watch the cat? It ate all the fish. If ... . 12. A huge black cloud appeared from behind the forest, so we had to turn back and hurry home. If ... . 13. We shall not go to see them because it is very late. If ... . 14. Naturally she was angry, because you were in her way. If ... .

Ex 4. Some of the sentences in this exercise are correct. Find the incorrect sentences and correct them

1.If you weren't married, Mr. Clay, I waited for you.

2.If Betty were able to come that evening she would have done it.

3.I'll give you a day off, if you will work on Saturday morning.

4.If he was ordinary, I wouldn't love him.

5.The story I have to tell would have never happened if one day I didn't meet him.

6.If only I had had lime to listen to him, his would have never happened.

7.If I had known I was going to meet you, 1 would have dressed differently.

8.Just think, if I bought these pictures, I would have been a rich woman.

9.If Savina was with him at this moment, his doubts and homeliness would evaporate.

10.If we were to move north, we would be able to buy a bigger place to live.

11.If anybody calls, tell them that I am out.

12.If it all were true, it would still not excuse his actions.

13.If you hadn't parked your car there, they would not tow it away.

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14. If I knew I did hot have enough money in my account, I wouldn't have bounced the check.

Ex 5. Translate into English

1.Он так изменился! Если бы вы его встретили, вы бы его не узнали.

2.Если бы я был на вашем месте, я бы не покупал эту машину.

3.Если бы он не следовал советам врача, он бы не поправился так быстро.

4.Если он будет здесь, я тебе позвоню.

5.Я не знал, что вы лежали в больнице. Если бы я знал, я бы пришел навестить вас.

6.Если бы эта книга не была такой дорогой, я бы купил ее.

7.Они поженятся, если она согласится.

8.Когда я был в Москве, у меня не было фотоаппарата. Если бы у меня был фотоаппарат, я бы сделал несколько снимков.

9.Мы пойдем в театр, если она присмотрит за нашими детьми.

10.Если бы у них был выбор, они бы жили за городом.

11.Если ты не будешь много работать, ты никогда не будешь знать английский хорошо.

12.Если бы ты пошел на вечеринку вчера, ты бы встретился со многими интересными людьми.

13.Если я заболею, я не пойду в институт.

14.Если бы ты помог мне перевести эту статью, я бы не получил плохую оценку.

15.Что бы ты сделал, если бы выиграл миллион?

Ex 6. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form

1. I wish I (can) give up smoking. 2. She wishes she (to see) him at yesterday's party. 3. I wish I (to pass) my driving test last Monday. 4. I wish I (not to forget) my friend's birthday yesterday. 5. The boy is sad. He wishes he (not to break) the window. 6. My aunt wishes she (to stay) at home last weekend. 7. He wishes he (to know) something about cars. 8. I wish it (to be) sunny. 9. I wish it (to be) sunny during our picnic last Saturday. 10. She wishes she (to live) in the Crimea. 11. My friend wishes he (not to do) that last night. 12. I wish I (to bring) my camera last summer. 13. I wish I (can) tell the future. 14. Do you wish you (to be) in the Guinness Book of Records? 15. Some people wish they (can) appear on a TV game show and become famous. 16. She often wishes things (to be) different.

Ex 7. Write sentences beginning "I wish…":

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E.g. It's a pity you are ill.

I wish you were not ill.

1. Unfortunately they won't return before Christmas. 2. The student was sorry he had not studied the material better and had shown such poor knowledge at the examination. 3. It's a pity that you did not send for us last night. 4. It's a pity you are not with us these days. 5. My friend regrets not having entered the university. 6. He was sorry not to have had enough time to finish his test paper. 7. It's a pity we shan't be able to reach home before teatime. 8. I am sorry I made you upset by telling you this news. 9. What a pity you don't know enough physics.

Ex 8. Translate into English beginning "I wish…":

1.а) Жаль, что он такой легкомысленный. б) Жаль, что он не достаточно серьезен.

2.а) Я теперь жалею, что не послушал его совета. б) Я теперь жалею, что последовал его совету.

3.а) Жаль, что вы пришли так поздно.

б) Жаль, что вы не пришли пораньше.

4. а) Обидно, что мы ушли до его прихода. б) Обидно, что мы не дождались его прихода. 5. а) К сожалению, они еще ничего не знают. б) К сожалению, они уже знают об этом.

Ex. 9. Translate into English beginning "I wish…":

1. Ах, если бы вы сказали ей об этом в прошлое воскресенье! 2. Хорошо бы у нас сейчас были каникулы. 3. Если бы он пришел сегодня вечером! 4. Мы пожалели, что не попросили его совета. 5. Жаль, что вы отказались принять участие в пикнике. 6. Жаль, что вас не интересует этот предмет. 7. Мы бы хотели, чтобы вы упомянули эти факты. 8. Жаль, что мы опоздали на поезд. 9. Жаль, что вы включили телевизор так поздно. 10. Если бы я был свободен сейчас! 11. Жаль, что и вчера у меня было мало времени. 12. Хорошо бы вы написали ей об этом сами. 13. Жаль, что вы не обратили внимания на его предупреждение. 14. Он пожалел, что бросил институт. 15. Жаль, что уже поздно идти туда. 16. Ах, если бы я пришел на вокзал вовремя! 17. Жаль, что вы не читали такую прекрасную книгу. 18. Жаль, что она делает так много ошибок в речи. 19. Жаль, что вы не побывали на выставке. 20. Жаль, что я узнал об этом так поздно. 21. Как жаль, что мы не застали Колю дома. 22. Она сожалела, что не рассказала нам эту историю раньше.

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ТАБЛИЦА НЕПРАВИЛЬНЫХ ГЛАГОЛОВ

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Под общей редакцией Ольги Владимировны Мартышко

Ирины Дмитриевны Кочетовой

ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ГРАММАТИКА АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА

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