КАФЕДРАЛЬНЫЙ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣɜɫɮɟɪɟɫɩɨɪɬɚɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɚɢ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹɜɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɨɜɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜɨɡɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɦɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚɦɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɧɮɪɚɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɪɟɚɦɛɭɥɟɎɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ʉɚɧɚɞɵ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ɪɟɞ ɧɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ©ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɺɬ ɱɬɨ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɤɚɧɚɞɰɟɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟ ɛɥɚɝɚ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɩɥɨɱɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɠɢɡɧɢª

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɪɟɚɦɛɭɥɟ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ©ɫɩɨɪɬ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɧɚɲɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɬɚɥ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɦ ɋɩɨɪɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɚɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɫɩɨɪɬɨɦɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɜɚɠɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɢ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɢɫɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɢɫɛɚɥɚɧɫɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɥɢɞɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ȼɫɺ ɷɬɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɫɩɨɪɬɤɚɤɜɚɠɧɵɣɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚɠɢɡɧɢɜɰɟɥɨɦɢɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɣɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɫɭɝɚ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟª

ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɺɣ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ Ʉɢɬɚɣɫɤɨɣ ɇɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ©ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚ ɱɬɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ

ɉɨɧɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ. Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɚɹ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɇɚɰ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ ɊɎ ± Ɇ ± ɫ ± ɋ

Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ Ʉɚɧɚɞɵ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ ɪɟɞ ɧɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª >/RL VXU O DFWLYLWp SK\VLTXH HW OH VSRUW /& @ KWWS ZZZ FDQOLL RUJ IU FD OHJLV ORLV OF F GHUQLHUH OF F KWPO!

Ɂɚɤɨɧ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪɟɞ ɧɚ ©Ɉ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª >/H\ ʋ GH GH RFWXEUH GH GHO 'HSRUWH@ %ROHWtQ 2ILFLDO GHO (VWDGR ±± ʋ ÒOWLPD DFWXDOL]DFLyQ SXEOLFDGD HO ± KWWS ZZZ ERH HV DHERH FRQVXOWDV EDVHVBGDWRV DFW SKS"LG %2($!

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɟ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸª

ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɟɣ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɚ ɢ ɚɪɬɢɤɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɪɨɥɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɦɨɞɟɪɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ

ɀɚɧ Ɏɪɚɧɫɭɚ ɇɢɫ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ

ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɥɢɛɨ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɥɢɛɨ ɩɭɬɺɦ ɞɟɥɟɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ

ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ± ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɵ ɩɨɞɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɨɪɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɢ ɞɪ Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɛɵɥɚ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɧɨ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɛɵɥɚ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɚ ɢ ɧɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜɡɹɜɲɟɟ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɩɪɚɜɟ ɞɟɥɟɝɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ Ɉɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɶ ɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ

ɜɚɠɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɧɬɨɜ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɪɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɝɪɚɞ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ

ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹɯ ɫɩɨɪɨɦ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ± ɡɚ ɫɱɺɬ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɟ ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɢɞɹɱɢɣ ɨɛɪɚɡ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɩɚɝɭɛɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɟ

ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɟɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɢɜɛɨɪɶɛɟɩɪɨɬɢɜɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹɢɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɡɚɩɪɟɳɺɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɭɛɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ

ɐɢɬ ɩɨɋɨɥɨɜɶɺɜ Ⱥ.Ⱥ. Ⱥɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ Ʉɢɬɚɣɫɤɨɣ ɇɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ɋɩɨɪɬ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ±

Ɋɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɉɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɪ ©Ɉɛ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɋɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɨ ɝɨɞɚª ɋɨɛɪɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ± ± ʋ ± ɋɬ

Nys J.-F. &HQWUDO JRYHUQPHQW DQG VSRUW +DQGERRN RQ WKH (FRQRPLFV RI 6SRUW (G E\ :$QGUHII DQG 6 6]\PDQVNL ± 1RUWKDPSWRQ 0$86$(GZDUG (OJDU ± [YLLL S ± 3 ±

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɢɦɢɞɠ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɜ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɫɛɨɪɧɵɯ ɨɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɯɢɩɚɪɚɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɯɤɨɦɚɧɞɚɬɚɤɠɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɜɵɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɜ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ

ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɫɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

ȼ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɦɢɪɟ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɟ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɟɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɟɡ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ

ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɤɭ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɛɥɚɝ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɚɦ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɦɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜ ɧɚ ɨɬɞɵɯ ɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ

ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɩɪɟɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɪɪɭɩɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɚ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɺɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɭɛɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɢ ɬ ɞ ɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɫ ɬɚɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɢ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɥɨɠɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɸ ɢɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹɦ ɢ ɪɟɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɜɫɟ

ɋɦȺɪɢɫɬɨɜ ȿ.ȼ. ɉɪɚɜɨɜɚɹ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɉɟɪɦɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫ

Ⱥɪɢɫɬɨɜ ȿ.ȼ. ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɉɪɚɜɨ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ± ± ʋ ± & ± Ⱥɪɢɫɬɨɜ ȿ.ȼ. ɋɩɨɪɬ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɛɥɚɝɨɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɉɪɚɜɨ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ± ± ʋ ± & ± Aristov E.V. 6SRUWV LQ WKH :HOIDUH 6WDWH >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɜ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ@ H /H[ 6SRUWLYD-RXUQDO ± ± 9RO ,,, ± ʋ ± ± 3 ± Aristov E.V. 7KH :HOIDUH 6WDWH DQG 6SRUW >ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ@ 6SRUWV /DZ 5HYLHZ 3DQGHNWLV ± ± 9RO ± ʋ ± ± 3 ±

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɂ ɷɬɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɨɣ ɜɨ ɜɫɺɦ ɦɢɪɟ

ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɯ ɡɪɟɥɢɳɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ

ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɜɟɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɺɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɭɛɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɟɡ ɭɳɟɪɛɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɢɦɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ

Ɂɚɩɪɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɺɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɭɛɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɲɟɧɧɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɺɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɥɟɝɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɥɢɰ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚɦɢ

ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣɧɚɨɫɨɛɨɠɟɫɬɨɤɢɟɜɢɞɵɢɮɨɪɦɵɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɜɢɞɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɢ ɪɢɫɤɚɦɢ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɭɳɟɪɛɚ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɸ ɢ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɋɱɢɬɚɟɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɨɫɨɛɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɷɬɭ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ⱥɧɧɟɥɢɡ ɇɟɥɶɫɨɧ ɟɫɥɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɬɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɩɨɦɹɧɭɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɟɞɢɧɨɛɨɪɫɬɜɚ ɬɟ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɟɞɢɧɤɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɤɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɟ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟ ɭɞɚɪɨɜ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɢɤɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɧɟɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɦ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɬɶ ɫɟɛɹ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɡɚɩɪɟɳɚɸɳɟɟ ɭɛɢɣɫɬɜɨ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɸ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɨ ɛɨɤɫɟ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɟɞɢɧɨɛɨɪɫɬɜɚɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɥɢɰɟɧɡɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɛɨɤɫɭ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ

Nelson A. :KHQ ZKHUH DQG ZK\ GRHV WKH 6WDWH LQWHUYHQH LQ 6SRUW D FRQWHPSRUDU\ SHUVSHFWLYH >Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɝɞɟ ɢ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜɦɟɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɚ@ 6SRUWV /DZ H-RXUQDO ± ± S ± 3

ɋɦɋɨɥɨɜɶɺɜ Ⱥ.Ⱥ. ɉɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɟɞɢɧɨɛɨɪɫɬɜ ɨɩɵɬ ɋɒȺ ɢ Ʉɚɧɚɞɵ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɇɚɰ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ ɊɎ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹ ɤɢɤɛɨɤɫɢɧɝɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ± Ɇ ± ɫ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɐɟɥɶɸ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɚɞ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɛɨɤɫɨɦ ɧɚɞ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɟɞɢɧɨɛɨɪɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɢɫɤɨɜ ɡɥɨɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɣ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɥɢɰ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ

ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɨɯɪɚɧɵ ɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɩɨ ɤɪɚɣɧɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ± ɜ ɛɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɹ ɜɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɞɭɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣɤɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɸ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ

ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɨɣ ɫ ɛɢɡɧɟɫɨɦ ɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɢɧɞɭɫɬɪɢɹ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ ɭɠɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɵɣ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɢ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɯ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɜ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɜɵɲɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɦ ɚ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɯ

ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɦɟɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ ɧɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɏɷɣɪ ɉɥɷɣ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɹ ɜɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɬɨɬɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɥɨɬɟɪɟɣ ɚɡɚɪɬɧɵɯ ɢɝɪ

ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ

Nelson A. :KHQ ZKHUH DQG ZK\ GRHV WKH 6WDWH LQWHUYHQH LQ 6SRUW D FRQWHPSRUDU\ SHUVSHFWLYH >Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɝɞɟ ɢ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜɦɟɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɚ@ 6SRUWV /DZ H-RXUQDO ± ± S ± 3

ɋɦ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɟɟɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ Ɉ.Ⱥ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪ ɚɫɫɨɰ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɚ ,$6/ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ± Ɇ ± ɫ ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ Ɉ.Ⱥ. Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɟ ɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɫɩɟɤɬ ± ɫ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɤ Ƚɥɚɜɟ

ɑɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ" ɑɬɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɩɨɞ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ

ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ"

ȼ ɫɢɥɭ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ

ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ" Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ

ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ"

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɛɵɥ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɟɧ ɜ Ⱥɧɝɥɢɢ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɢ ɦɨɧɚɪɯɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɟɪɟɱɶ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɨɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɢɬɚɟɦɵɯ ɢɦɢ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɪɨɜɚɥɢɥɢɫɶ ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɢ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɜ ɧɚɪɨɞɟ ɜɢɞɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɦɨɧɚɪɯɢɹ ɧɟ ɨɞɨɛɪɹɥɚ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɚ Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɢɞ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɡɚɪɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɜ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɚɜ ɜɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɜ ɦɢɪɟ ɜɢɞɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɫ ɝɨɞɚ ɩɨ ɝɨɞ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɥɫɹ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɭ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɡ ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɤɫɬɪɟɦɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɢɤɬɚɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ;; ɜɟɤɚ Ɍɚɤ Ɇɭɫɫɨɥɢɧɢ ɜɢɞɟɥ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɤɚɤ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɜɚɠɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ©ɜɨɡɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹª ɂɬɚɥɢɢ ɜ ɠɺɫɬɤɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɫɚɦ Ɇɭɫɫɨɥɢɧɢ ɧɟ ɛɵɥ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɟ ɤɚɤ ɬɚɤɨɜɨɦ ɨɧ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɜɚɥ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɭɸ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɭ Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɪɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɥɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɥɢɝɭ ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɨɛɲɢɪɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɫɬɚɞɢɨɧɨɜ ɜɥɨɠɢɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɭ ɤɚɤ ɧɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɧɨ ɨɬɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɭɬɺɦ ɧɚɣɦɚ ɢɝɪɨɤɨɜ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɋɆɂ ɨɫɜɟɳɚɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɟ

Ⱥɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɚɹ ɥɨɛɛɢɫɬɫɤɚɹ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɟɫɥɚ ɂɬɚɥɢɢ ɩɨɛɟɞɭ ɜ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ Ʉɭɛɤɚ ɦɢɪɚ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɂɬɚɥɶɹɧɫɤɚɹ ɫɛɨɪɧɚɹ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɥɚ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢɝɪɨɤɚɦɢ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɨ ɢ ɧɟɦɚɥɵɦ ɱɢɫɥɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɨɜ ɢɡ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨɦ ɢɝɪɨɤɨɜ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɥɨɫɶ ɜɫɟɪɶɺɡ ɢ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɨɧɢ ɨɬɤɚɡɵɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɨɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ Ɇɭɫɫɨɥɢɧɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɢɥɢɹɞɥɹɬɨɝɨɱɬɨɛɵɥɭɱɲɢɟɢɝɪɨɤɢɜɧɟɫɥɢɜɤɥɚɞɜɢɦɢɞɠɩɪɚɜɹɳɟɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɢɝɪɚɹ ɡɚ ɫɜɨɸ ɫɬɪɚɧɭ ȼ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɫ ɩɨ ɝɝ ɂɬɚɥɢɹ ɜɵɢɝɪɚɥɚ ɞɜɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɤɭɛɤɚ ɢ ɡɚɜɨɟɜɚɥɚ Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɨɟ ɡɨɥɨɬɨ Ʉɚɤ ɢ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɥɢɞɟɪɵ Ɇɭɫɫɨɥɢɧɢ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɥ ɭɫɢɥɢɹ ɤ ɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɟɝɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɢɞɟɥɢ ɢ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ ɫ ɟɝɨ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɣ ɩɨɛɟɞɢɬɟɥɟɦ Ʉɚɤ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ Ɋɷɣɦɨɧɞ ɋɚɭɷɪ ɤɚɥɶɱɨ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɢɞɚɧ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɦɢɞɠ ɢ ɬɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɮɚɲɢɫɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɂɬɚɥɢɢɜɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɩɪɨɩɚɝɚɧɞɵȽɢɬɥɟɪɬɚɤɠɟɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɯɨɠɢɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɜ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɢ Ʉɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɂɬɚɥɢɢ ɜ Ƚɟɪɦɚɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹɤɚɤɜɚɠɧɵɣɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɩɪɨɩɚɝɚɧɞɵɜɌɪɟɬɶɟɝɨɊɟɣɯɚɞɥɹ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ȼ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɨɛɵɟ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ ɜɨɡɥɚɝɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɢɝɪɵ ɜ Ȼɟɪɥɢɧɟ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ

Sauer R.D. 6SRUW WKH 6WDWH DQG WKH 0DUNHW >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɪɵɧɨɤ@ 2FFDVLRQDO 3DSHU ± ± ʋ ± S ± 3 ± KWWS ZZZ IQI RUJ SK GRZQORDGDEOHV 6SRUW 6WDWH 0DUNHW SGI!

Sauer R.D. 6SRUW WKH 6WDWH DQG WKH 0DUNHW >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɪɵɧɨɤ@ 2FFDVLRQDO 3DSHU ± ± ʋ ± S ± 3 ± KWWS ZZZ IQI RUJ SK GRZQORDGDEOHV 6SRUW 6WDWH 0DUNHW SGI!

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɢɝɪɵ ɝɨɞɚ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɦ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɜ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ Ƚɢɬɥɟɪ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɞɨɯɧɨɜɥɹɬɶ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɶ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ©ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚª Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɢɝɪɵ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɢɦ ɤɚɤ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɞɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɹɳɟɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ

ɇɚ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɨɩɚɝɚɧɞɵ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɦɢɪɚ ɚ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɜɲɢɟ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɨɫɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɫɟɣɱɚɫ

ɗɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɡɪɟɥɢɳɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɯ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɥɨ ɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɡɚɞɟɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɺɦɚ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ

ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ȼɢɤɬɨɪɚ ɑɚ ɫɩɨɪɬ ± ɷɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɪɟɩɭɬɚɰɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬɶ ɩɨɞɧɹɬɶ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɣɫɬɚɬɭɫɫɬɪɚɧɵɢɟɺɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɧɚɦɢɪɨɜɨɣɚɪɟɧɟɢɫɬɚɤɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɹɬɫɹ ©ɜɥɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɦɢª ɞɥɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ

ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɦɢɞɠɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɧɨ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɡɧɚɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɭɛɚ ɩɪɨɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɦɢɞɠɚ ɧɚɫɟɥɺɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɪɚɣɨɧɚ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ

ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣɤɚɤɈɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɟɢɝɪɵɢɥɢɑɟɦɩɢɨɧɚɬɦɢɪɚɩɨ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɭ ɜ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɪɹɞɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ©ɦɹɝɤɨɣ ɫɢɥɵª ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ Ⱥɭɧ Ʉɨ Ɇɢɧ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɜ Ɇɶɹɧɦɟ ɂɝɪɵ ɘɝɨ

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