КАФЕДРАЛЬНЫЙ
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ɦɨɠɟɬɩɪɨɣɬɢɜɫɟɫɬɭɩɟɧɢɜɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɢɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜɩɪɚɜɚɞɨɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɚɤɬ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɨɛɤɚɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɞɨ ɢɯ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɡɚɤɨɧɟ ɉɪɢɡɧɚɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɵ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɦ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɟ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ Ɍɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɞɟɤɫɚ ɊɎ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɢɞɟɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɨ ɬɨɣ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟ ɱɬɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɹ ɌɄ ɊɎ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɞɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɚ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɵ ɚɞɪɟɫɭɸɬɫɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦ ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɚɤɬɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɧɚɲɥɢ ɫɜɨɺ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɥɚɜɟ ɌɄ ɊɎ ɨ ɱɺɦ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɨɫɶ ɜɵɲɟ
ɈɛɳɢɣɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨɩɪɚɜɚɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧɧɵɣɜɫɬɚɬɶɟɌɄ ɊɎ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɭɯɭɞɲɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɢɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɦɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ
ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɜɩɨɥɧɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɧɨɪɦɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚ ɧɟ ɭɯɭɞɲɚɟɬ ɧɨ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɜɩɪɚɜɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɢ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɧɨɪɦɚ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚ
ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜ ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚɯ ɜɢɞɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ©Ɍɚɧɰɟɜɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɵɯ ɉɪɢɤɚɡɨɦ Ɇɢɧɫɩɨɪɬɬɭɪɢɡɦɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɨɬ ʋ ɛɵɥɚ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɚ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɢɬɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɨ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɧɟɫɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ± ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɤ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɗɬɚ ɧɨɪɦɚ ɹɜɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɢɡ ɢɫɤɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɦ ɨɫɩɚɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɏɚɦɨɜɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɪɚɣɨɧɧɨɦ ɫɭɞɟ ɝ Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɬɪɭɞ ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɋɭɞ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɥ ɧɨɪɦɭ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɡɚɤɨɧɭ ɢ ɧɟ ɭɯɭɞɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚ
Ⱦɪɭɝɨɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ± ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨɛ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɥɢɦɢɬɚ ɧɚ ɥɟɝɢɨɧɟɪɨɜ ɜ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɞɨ ɫɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɦ
ȼ ɌɄ ɊɎ ɧɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɨɪɦ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ Ɋɟɲɢɬɶ ɷɬɭ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɫɱɟɪɩɵɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɱɧɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɤ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɬɪɭɞɚ
ɏɧɵɤɢɧ Ƚ.ȼ.ɋɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ Ɍɪɭɞɵ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɚ ɆȽɍ ɢɦ Ɇ ȼ Ʌɨɦɨɧɨɫɨɜɚ ± Ʉɧ
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Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɚɤɬɚɯ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɡɚɥɨɠɟɧ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ Ɍɨ
ɟɫɬɶ ɟɫɥɢ ɜ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɚɤɬɚɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɸɬɫɹ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɪɹɦɨ ɧɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɢɯ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɨɜ ɉɨɞɨɛɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɧɚɫɬɨɪɨɠɟɧɧɨ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ ɫɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɢ ɱɬɨ ©ɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɟɦɚɹ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɹª ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɦɟɫɬɨ ȼɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɴɺɦɟ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɫɬɶ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɜ ɌɄ ɊɎ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɨɪɦ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɇɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɺɬ ɥɢ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɤ ɫɬɢɪɚɧɢɸ ɝɪɚɧɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɦ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ"
Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɥɭɛɨɜ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɫɦɟɲɟɧɢɸ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɟ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɦ ɜɫɟɯ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɷɬɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɨɦɚɧɨ ɝɟɪɦɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɚɜɚ
Ɇɵ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɺɦ ɢɞɟɸ ɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ ɢ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɣ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɗɬɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɟɛɭɸɬ ɩɨɞɱɚɫ ɮɢɥɢɝɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɹ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɹ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɥɸɛɨɟ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɪɦ ɩɨɪɨɠɞɚɟɬ ɤɨɥɥɢɡɢɢ ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɟɞɨɜ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ ɢ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɣ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɬɶ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɨ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ©/H[ VSHFLDOLV GHURJDW OH[ JHQHUDOLVª ©ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɨɬɦɟɧɹɟɬ ɨɛɳɢɣª
Ɇɨɠɧɨɤɨɧɫɬɚɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɱɬɨɧɨɪɦɵɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɵɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɦɢ
Ʌɸɬɨɜ ɇ.Ʌ. Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɢ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ± Ɇ
Ʉɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɉɨɞ ɪɟɞ Ɍ ə ɏɚɛɪɢɟɜɨɣ ɘ Ⱥ Ɍɢɯɨɦɢɪɨɜɚ ± Ɇ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ⱦɨ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚ ɜ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɧɟɞɪɹɬɶɫɹ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ"
ȼ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɞɜɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɧɨɪɦɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɉɟɪɜɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɹɦɵɯ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɥɟɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɜɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɩɪɹɦɵɟ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɵ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɵ ɧɟɞɜɭɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɧɨ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɸɬ Ⱦɚɧɧɭɸ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ H[ DQWH ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɌɄ ɊɎ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɦ ɫ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɦ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɭɯɭɞɲɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɢ ɢɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɌɄ ɊɎ ȼɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ± H[ SRVW ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ± ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɨɬ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɹ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɨɛɳɢɯ ɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɬɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɜ ɪɟɬɪɨɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ
Ɍɚɤ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɌɄ ɊɎ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɞɚɬɟɥɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɵ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɺɦɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɩɨɞ ɪɨɫɩɢɫɶ ɫ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɚɧɬɢɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɢ ɚɧɬɢɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɚɧɬɢɞɨɩɢɧɝɨɜɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɞɚɬɟɥɹ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɧɫɨɪɚɦɢ ɩɚɪɬɧɺɪɚɦɢ ɫ ɪɟɤɥɚɦɨɞɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫ ɢɯ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ Ɂɧɚɤɨɦɢɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣɫɢɯɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦɜɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɯɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɛɨɪɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɚ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɜɢɞɭ ɢɥɢ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ɇɨɪɦɵ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɧɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɞɚɬɟɥɹ ɇɨ ɜ ɷɬɢɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɯ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɦɚɫɫɭ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜ
ɤ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɱɺɬɤɢɟ ɢ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɵɟ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɵ ɧɚ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɩɢɧɝɚ ɂɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɱɺɬɤɨ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɭɸɬ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɭ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ
ȼɦɟɫɬɟɫɬɟɦɧɨɪɦɵɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɨ ɞɢɫɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɜ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɛ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɭɞ ɜ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɟ ɡɚɱɚɫɬɭɸ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɡɚɳɢɬɭ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ H[ DQWH ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɞɚɬɟɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧɧɭɸ ɜ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɌɄ ɊɎ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɧɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɵ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɱɬɨ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɡɥɨɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɞɚɬɟɥɹ
ȼ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɥɨɠɧɨɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɨɲɢɛɤɚɦɢ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɪɨɞɚ ɚ ɫɥɭɱɚɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɢɦɟɧɭɸɬ ɥɨɠɧɨɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɚɩɪɟɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɨɲɢɛɤɚɦɢ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɱɪɟɜɚɬɨ ɨɲɢɛɤɚɦɢ ɨɛɨɢɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ
ȼ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɹ ɦɢɧɢɦɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɢɡɛɟɠɧɵɟ
ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɥɨɠɧɨɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɥɨɠɧɨɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ
ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɟɦɭ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɬɶ
ɜɫɺ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɫɨ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɫɥɨɠɧɹɟɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɫɟɧɫɭɫɚ ɜ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɟ
ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɜɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɌɄɊɎɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɬɨɪɚɛɨɬɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɨɛɹɡɚɧ ɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ ɨɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ
± ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɜɢɞɭ ɢɥɢ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
± ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɟɧɨ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɵɦɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɌɄ ɊɎ ɧɟ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɟɬ
ɒɚɫɬɢɬɤɨ Ⱥ.ȿ.Ɉɲɢɛɤɢ , ɢ ,, ɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɦɟɧɚɯ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɝɚɪɚɧɬɚ ɀɭɪɧɚɥ ɇɨɜɨɣ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ± ± ʋ Ʉɚɪɚɩɟɬɨɜ Ⱥ.Ƚ., ɋɚɜɟɥɶɟɜ Ⱥ.ɂ.ɋɜɨɛɨɞɚ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚ ɢ ɟɺ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ ȼ ɬ ± Ɇ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɸ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɧɟɬ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɤɨɞɟɤɫ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɬɶ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɧɨɪɦ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɬɪɭɞɨɦ
± ɪɚɛɨɬɨɞɚɬɟɥɶ ɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ ɨɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɧɚ ɜɟɫɶ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɞɨ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɹɜɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɹɬɶ ɠɟ ɧɟ ɹɫɧɨ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɟɝɨ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɫɪɨɤɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬ ɞ
ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɸɪɢɫɬɵ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɧɚɲ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɜɩɨɥɧɟ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɤɪɟɲɟɧɢɸɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵɜɵɛɨɪɚɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɢɜɧɨɣɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɗɬɨɬ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɢɞɟɟ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɬɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ H[ DQWH ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɜ ɬɟɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɢɡɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɭɸ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹɫɜɨɛɨɞɵɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɚɬɚɤɢɬɟɮɚɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɩɪɚɜɞɵɜɚɸɬ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ȼ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɪɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɟɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɟɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɧɟɫɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɛɨɣɬɢ
ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɣɬɢ ɤ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɜɵɜɨɞɚɦ ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɨɪɦ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɧɨɫɢɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɜɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ Ɉɬ ɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɨɜ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚɭɤɨɣ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɟɪɟɣɬɢ ɤ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɌɄ ɊɎ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɩɨɦɢɦɨ ɬɟɯ ɱɬɨ ɭɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɜ ɝɥɚɜɟ ©Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜª ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɨ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɨɜɥɟɱɺɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ
Korobkin R. %RXQGHG 5DWLRQDOLW\ 6WDQGDUG )RUP &RQWUDFWV DQG 8QFRQVFLRQDELOLW\ 7KH 8QLYHUVLW\ RI &KLFDJR /DZ 5HYLHZ ± ± ʋ ± 3 ±
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɤ Ƚɥɚɜɟ
Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ
Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɤ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɣ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ
ɑɬɨ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ" Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ
ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ"
Ʉɚɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ȼɚɲ
ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ
ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ" ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɚɤɬɨɜ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ
ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ
ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɟ ȼɚɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɜ ɦɢɪɟ ɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ
ɇɚɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ OH[ VSRUWLYD
Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɢ OH[ VSRUWLYD
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ ɨɬɫɵɥɨɤ ɤ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɧɵɦ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɯ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ
Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɨɪɦ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɨɜ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ȽɅȺȼȺ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ
ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
(ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ., Ɋɟɞɶɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ.)
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ⱦɚɠɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɤɚɤ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɦɢ ©ɢɝɪɨɤɚɦɢª
ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɗɞɭɚɪɞɨ Ȼɥɚɧɤɨ ɉɟɪɟɣɪɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ
ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɥɚɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ
ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ⱦ ɇ Ȼɚɯɪɚɯɚ Ȼ ȼ Ɋɨɫɫɢɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɘ ɇ ɋɬɚɪɢɥɨɜɚ ©ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɫɭɛɨɪɞɢɧɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɟɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɗɬɚ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɜɢɞɢɬ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɦɨɦ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ ɧɢɠɟɫɬɨɹɳɢɟ ɢ ɜɵɲɟɫɬɨɹɳɢɟ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɢɹª
ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ⱥ Ƚ Ɇɚɬɜɟɟɜɚ ©ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ³ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ´ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɞɟɮɢɧɢɰɢɸ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɢɤɚ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ Ʌ ɮɨɧ Ȼɟɪɬɚɥɚɧɮɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɥ ɩɨɞ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ Ʉɚɠɞɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɬɶ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ± ɷɬɨ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɟɬ ɉɨɞ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɞɚɥɟɟ ɧɟɪɚɡɥɨɠɢɦɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟ ɟɺ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɂɧɵɦɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɩɨ Ʌ Ⱥ Ȼɥɸɦɟɧɮɟɥɶɞɭ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
Blanco Pereira E. /D JHVWLyQ GHSRUWLYD VHFWRUHV \ iPELWRV >ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɵ ɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ@ KWWS DJD[HGH RUJ XSORDGV ILOH /$*(67,21 '(3257,9$ 6(&725(6 <$0%,726 SGI! ± S ± 3
Ȼɚɯɪɚɯ Ⱦ.ɇ., Ɋɨɫɫɢɧɫɤɢɣ Ȼ.ȼ., ɋɬɚɪɢɥɨɜ ɘ.ɇ.Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɍɱ ɟ ɢɡɞ ɢɡɦ ɢ ɞɨɩ ± Ɇ ɇɨɪɦɚ ± ɫ ± ɋ
Ȼɟɪɬɚɥɚɧɮɢ, ɮɨɧ Ʌ. Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɛɡɨɪ ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ± Ɇ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɞɟɥɢɦɵɦ Ⱥɤɰɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɝɧɨɫɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɟ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɟɳɺ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɬ ɟ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵª
ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɢɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɜɟɪɝɟɧɰɢɢ ɨɬ ɥɚɬ FRQYHUJR ± ©ɫɛɥɢɠɚɸª ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɜ ɟɞɢɧɨɟ ɰɟɥɨɟ ɦɭɥɶɬɢɩɥɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɢ ɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ
Ɇɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟɦɨɞɟɥɟɣɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ
Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɛɳɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɞɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɧɬɨɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɵɦɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɱɺɬɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɚɤɬɚɯ ɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɬɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɤɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɥɟɜɚɧɬɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɨɠɢɞɚɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɤɚɤ ɦɟɪɵ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ ɰɟɥɟɩɨɥɚɝɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ
Ʉɚɤ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɩɢɲɟɬ Ɉ Ⱥ Ʉɚɲɭɪɨ ©ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɣ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɵɦ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ȼ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ± ɷɬɨ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɜ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɧɟ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɣ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɇɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɟɳɺ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɥɚɛɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɹ ɭɣɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɡɥɢɲɧɟ ɭɩɪɨɳɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɯɟɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɦ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɭɸ ɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ ɜ ɪɚɡɪɟɡɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ȿɠɟɝɨɞɧɢɤ ± Ɇ ± ɋ
Ɇɚɬɜɟɟɜ Ⱥ.Ƚ. ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɢ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ Ⱦɢɫ ɞɨɤɬ ɸɪɢɞɢɱ ɧɚɭɤ ɊȽȺɂɋ ± Ɇ ± ɋ ± ±
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭɥɭɱɲɢɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɩɨɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɨɞɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞ ɧɟɝɨ ɫɟɪɶɺɡɧɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɵª
Ⱥɧɞɪɟ ɇɨɷɥɶ ɒɚɤɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɟɧɰɢɨɧɢɫɬɫɤɚɹ ɢ ɧɟɢɧɬɟɪɜɟɧɰɢɨɧɢɫɬɫɤɚɹ ɥɢɛɟɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ȼ Ⱥɜɫɬɪɢɢ ɑɟɯɢɢ Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɢ ȽɟɪɦɚɧɢɢɇɢɞɟɪɥɚɧɞɚɯɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɢȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɢɢɧɚɄɢɩɪɟɩɨɟɝɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɫɬɨ ©ɧɟɢɧɬɟɪɜɟɧɰɢɨɧɢɫɬɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶª ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ
Ɋɷɣɦɨɧɞ ɋɚɭɷɪ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɭɸ ɢ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɭɸ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ȼɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɜ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɥɢɝɢ ɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɩɪɢɱɺɦ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɚ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɧɚ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɣɢ ɜ Ⱥɦɟɪɢɤɟ ɢ ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɚɤ Ⱥɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɚɹ ɮɭɬɛɨɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɹ ɢ ɍȿɎȺ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɜɬɨɪɚ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɨɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɦɢ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɥɢɝ ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɭɸ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɜɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɱɥɟɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɹɡɚɧɢɣ ȼ ɋɒȺ ɠɟ ± ɡɚɤɪɵɬɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɧɚɞ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɚɦɢ ɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɥɢɝ ɱɬɨ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɦɨɧɨɩɨɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɥɢɝ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɢɫɭɳɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɭɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ Ɍɚɤɨɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɪɭɲɚɸɳɢɣ ɚɧɬɢɦɨɧɨɩɨɥɶɧɨɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɋɒȺ Ɋɚɜɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɍȿɎȺ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɥɢɝɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɶ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɚɧɞ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɱɟɜɢɞɧɵɦ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɢ
Ʉɚɲɭɪɨ Ɉ.Ⱥ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɜ ɂɧɞɢɢ ɇɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɟ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ± ± ɋ ±
Chaker A.-N. *RRG JRYHUQDQFH LQ VSRUW ±$(XURSHDQ VXUYH\ ± 6WUDVERXUJ &RXQFLO RI (XURSH 3XEOLVKLQJ ± S ± 3
Sauer R.D. 6SRUW WKH 6WDWH DQG WKH 0DUNHW >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɪɵɧɨɤ@ 2FFDVLRQDO 3DSHU ± ± ʋ ± S ± 3 ±
Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ
ɋ ȼ Ⱥɥɬɭɯɨɜ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ± ©ɤɢɬɚɣɫɤɚɹɦɨɞɟɥɶªɞɨɪɚɫɩɚɞɚɋɋɋɊ±©ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɚɹɦɨɞɟɥɶª
©ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚ ɤ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦª
± ©ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶª ©ɫɭɬɶ ɷɬɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɧɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɤɢ ɢɡ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɚ ɧɨ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɟɬ ɨɬ ɭɩɥɚɬɵ ɧɚɥɨɝɨɜ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɦɢɬɟɬɵ ɜ ɡɧɚɤ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɺɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɢɬɟɬɨɜ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɢ ɬɚɤɚɹ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɨɛɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɛɟɡ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɧɢɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚª
± ©ɛɪɚɡɢɥɶɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶª ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɚɹ ©ɭɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɵɬɚª ɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ
ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɂɷɧɚ ɏɟɧɪɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɱɥɟɧɨɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɋɨɸɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɉɟɪɜɵɦ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɫ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɫɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɬɪɟɬɢɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɫ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɨɛɪɨɜɨɥɶɰɟɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚ ɱɟɬɜɺɪɬɵɣ ± ɫ ɚɞɚɩɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɫɩɪɨɫɚ ©Ȼɸɪɨɤɪɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶª ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɪɨɥɶɸ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɦɪɚɡɜɢɬɨɣɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɛɚɡɵȼɬɚɤɨɣɦɨɞɟɥɢɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɣ ɫɟɤɬɨɪ ɜ ɥɢɰɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɧɚɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ʉ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦ ɫ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɚɜɬɨɪ ɨɬɧɺɫ Ȼɟɥɶɝɢɸ Ʉɢɩɪ ɑɟɯɢɸ ɗɫɬɨɧɢɸ Ɏɢɧɥɹɧɞɢɸ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɸ ȼɟɧɝɪɢɸ Ʌɚɬɜɢɸ Ʌɢɬɜɭ Ɇɚɥɶɬɭ ɉɨɥɶɲɭ ɉɨɪɬɭɝɚɥɢɸ ɂɫɩɚɧɢɸ ɋɥɨɜɚɤɢɸ ɋɥɨɜɟɧɢɸȼɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟɜɬɨɪɨɣɦɨɞɟɥɢɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɚ©ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶª ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɪɵɧɤɚ ɢ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɟɝɨ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ Ɋɨɥɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ʉ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɦ ɫ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɛɪɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɂɪɥɚɧɞɢɹ ©Ɇɢɫɫɢɨɧɟɪɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶª ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜɨɥɨɧɬɺɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɹ Ɍɚɤɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ
Ⱥɥɬɭɯɨɜ ɋ.ȼ. ɂɜɟɧɬ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɍɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹɦɢ ɍɱ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ± Ɇ ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɨɪɬ ± ɫ ± ɋ ± ±