КАФЕДРАЛЬНЫЙ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɬ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɪɨɥɶ ɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɯ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦɢ

ɇɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ɦɢɪɚ ɬɪɟɧɞɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɪɟɞɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɪɨɥɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɫ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɨɥɢ ɫɚɦɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɫɚɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɚ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɭɫɥɨɠɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɞɜɭɯ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɇɟɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɟɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɷɤɫɬɪɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

ɂɧɬɟɪɫɟɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɋɟɱɶ ɢɞɺɬ ɨ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɟɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨ ɪɚɡɦɵɬɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɨ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɤɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɫɮɟɪ ɨɛ ɢɯ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɪɭɝ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɚ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɋɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɱɟɪɩɵɜɚɸɳɟ ɱɺɬɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɦɭ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɭ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɭɸ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɸ ɧɟɠɟɥɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɵ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɥɭɛɵ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɫɭɳɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɚɤɰɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɩɚɝɚɧɞɢɫɬɫɤɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɢ

ɂɧɬɟɪɫɟɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɜ ɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɛɵɬɢɣɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹɯ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɣ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ Ɍɚɤ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɜ ɥɸɛɵɯ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɩɪɹɦɨ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɫ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɚ ɢɧɞɭɫɬɪɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɇɧɨɝɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɱɶɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɪɢ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɜɫɺ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɭɸɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɟ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɋɮɟɪɚ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɷɬɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɲɨɭ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɢɧɞɭɫɬɪɢɹ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɚ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦ ɞɟ ɮɚɤɬɨ ɩɪɢɞɚɺɬɫɹ ɜɬɨɪɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ± ɷɬɨ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɧɟɠɟɥɢ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɜ ɱɢɫɬɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ ɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɷɬɚ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɛɢɡɧɟɫ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦɢ ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɯ ©ɱɢɫɬɨɦª ɜɢɞɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹɯ ɫ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɩɪɚɜ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɬ ɞ

ɉɪɢɱɺɦ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɚɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɩɨ ɷɬɢɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɜɨɣ ȼ ɝɨɞɭ ȼɟɪɯɨɜɧɵɣ ɫɭɞ ɋɒȺ ɜ ɫɜɨɺɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɞɟɥɭ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɥɢɝɢ ɩɪɢɲɟɥ ɤ ɜɵɜɨɞɭ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɬɨ ɫɬɚɥɨ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɹɞɚ ɫɥɭɲɚɧɢɣ ɜ Ʉɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɟ ɋɒȺ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɚɧɬɢɦɨɧɨɩɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɇɚɩɪɨɬɢɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɣ ɫɭɞ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɩɨ ɪɹɞɭ ɞɟɥ ɜ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ± ɡɧɚɦɟɧɢɬɨɟ ɞɟɥɨ Ȼɨɫɦɚɧɚ ɱɺɬɤɨ ɚɪɬɢɤɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɥ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɣɤɚɤɛɢɡɧɟɫɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɦɜɢɞɨɦɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɤ ɧɟɦɭ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɚɧɬɢɦɨɧɨɩɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ

ɂɧɬɟɪɫɟɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

Ⱦɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɟɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɣ ɢɯ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɜ

Ⱦɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɧɚɫɢɥɢɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɟɞɢɧɨɛɨɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɞɪ

ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ⱥɧɧɟɥɢɡ ɇɟɥɶɫɨɧ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɪɟɱɶ ɢɞɺɬ ɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɫɢɥɢɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ

Sauer R.D. 6SRUW WKH 6WDWH DQG WKH 0DUNHW >ɋɩɨɪɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɪɵɧɨɤ@ 2FFDVLRQDO 3DSHU ± ± ʋ ± S ± 3 KWWS ZZZ IQI RUJ SK GRZQORDGDEOHV 6SRUW 6WDWH 0DUNHW SGI!

Ɉ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɢ ©ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤª ɫɦ ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ. Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤª Ⱥɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ± ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ. Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤª ɇɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɟ ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ±ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ. Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤª ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɬɪɚɧɫɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ Ɇɚɬɟɪ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪ ɧɚɭɱ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱ ɤɨɧɮ Ȼɟɥɝɨɪɨɞ ± ɇɂɍ ©ȻɟɥȽɍª ȼɚɪɦɢɧɫɤɨ Ɇɚɡɭɪɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫ ɜ Ɉɥɶɲɬɵɧɟ ɉɨɥɶɲɚ ȼɟɥɢɤɨɬɵɪɧɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫ ɋɜɹɬɵɯ Ʉɢɪɢɥɥɚ ɢ Ɇɟɮɨɞɢɹ Ȼɨɥɝɚɪɢɹ ɐɟɧɬɪ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫ Ȼɨɝɟɦɢɢ ɑɟɯɢɹ ± Ȼɟɥɝɨɪɨɞ ȽɢɄ ± ɫ ± ɋ ±ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ., ɉɨɧɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ. Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɢ ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɉɟɪɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ ɋɟɪ ©ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɭɤɢª ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ±

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɦɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɧɚɫɢɥɢɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɜɢɧɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɭɦɵɫɥɚ ɢ ɧɟɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɢɝɪɵ ɉɟɪɜɵɟ ɞɜɚ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɵ ɜ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɦɢɪɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣ ɠɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɝɨɥɨɜɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɢ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɦɵɫɥɚ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɧɚɫɢɥɢɟ ɩɪɢɫɭɳɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɜɢɞɚɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɞɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɚɦɢ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɥɭɱɚɢɧɚɫɢɥɢɹɜɫɩɨɪɬɟɞɨɯɨɞɹɬɤɪɚɣɧɟɪɟɞɤɨɚɤɨɝɞɚɷɬɨɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɥɢɰɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɢɜɲɟɟ ɧɚɫɢɥɢɟ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɦɹɝɤɨɦɭ ɧɚɤɚɡɚɧɢɸ Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɩɪɢ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɦ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɢ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɫɢɥɢɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɭɦɵɫɥɚ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɝɪɵ ɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɟɺ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ

Ⱦɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɪɹɦɵɯ ɢ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢ ɤ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɦ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮ

Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɩɟɪɟɫɟɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɟɺ ɭɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɦɢɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɜɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɢɠɟɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ

± ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ

± ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɦ ± ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɫɫɢɜɚɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ

ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɦ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦ ɷɤɫɬɪɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

± ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟɫɩɨɪɬɚɢɯɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦɢɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɢɢɯ ɞɨғɥɠɧɵɦ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɫɨɥɢɞɚɪɧɵɦ ɫɭɛɫɢɞɢɚɪɧɵɦ ɢ ɢɧɵɦ

Nelson A. :KHQ ZKHUH DQG ZK\ GRHV WKH 6WDWH LQWHUYHQH LQ 6SRUW D FRQWHPSRUDU\ SHUVSHFWLYH >Ʉɨɝɞɚ ɝɞɟ ɢ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɨ ɜɦɟɲɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɭ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɚ@ 6SRUWV /DZ H-RXUQDO ± ± S ± 3 ±

ɋɦɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ., ɉɨɧɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ. Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɢ ɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɉɟɪɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɍɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ ɋɟɪ ©ɘɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɭɤɢª ± ± ʋ ± ɋ ±

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɉɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɫɩɨɪɬª ©ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª ©ɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª ©ɫɩɨɪɬ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣª ©ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª

(ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ., Ɋɟɞɶɤɢɧɚ Ⱥ.ɂ.)

ɂɫɫɥɟɞɭɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɪɚɡɨɛɪɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹɦɢ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɭ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ± ɫ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟɦ ©ɫɩɨɪɬª ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɩɚɪɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹɦɢ ©ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª ɢ ©ɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª ©ɫɩɨɪɬ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣª ɢ ©ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª

Ɂɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɞɟɮɢɧɢɰɢɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɫɩɨɪɬª ɧɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɺɬɤɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ

ɉɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɫɩɨɪɬª ɢ ©ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª

Ɏɪɟɞɟɪɢɤ Ȼɸɣ ɀɚɧ Ɇɢɲɟɥɶ ɆɚɪɦɷɣɭғȾɢɞɶɟ ɉɨɪɚɤɤɶɹғɢ Ɏɚɛɪɢғɫ Ɋɢɰɰɨғɩɨɞɱɺɪɤɢɜɚɸɬ ɱɬɨ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɫɩɨɪɬª ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɱɬɨ ɛɟɡ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɟɧ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɣ ɭɱɺɬ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɢ ɱɬɨ ©ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɭɞɢɹɦɢ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ ɨɬɵɫɤɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɯ ɫ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ³ɫɩɨɪɬ´ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɚɬɶ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɭ ɨɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣª

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ Ɇɚɧɭɷɥɸ ɀɨɡɟ Ƚɨɦɟɫɭ Ɍɭɛɢɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚ ©ɫɩɨɪɬª ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɨɬ ;,9 ɜɟɤɚ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɦɨɪɹɤɢ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɞɨғɥɠɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɫɜɨɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɧɚɜɵɤɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɤɚɤɢɦɢ ɬɨ ɢɯ ɭɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɵɦɢ ɢɝɪɚɦɢ ɫɯɨɞɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɛɟɪɟɝ ɱɬɨ ɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɤɚɤ ©ɪɚɫ ɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɟɛɹª ɢɧɚɱɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ ± ɩɨɤɢɧɭɬɶ ɩɨɪɬ

Buy F., Marmayou J.-M., Poracchia D., Rizzo F. 'URLW GX 6SRUW 0DQXHO >ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɍɱ @ qPH pGLWLRQ ± 3DULV /LEUDLULH *pQpUDOH GH 'URLW HW GH -XULVSUXGHQFH ± S ± 3 ±

Tubino M.J.G.2 TXH p HVSRUWH ± 6mR 3DXOR ± 3

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

Ʉɚɤ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ Ɏɪɟɞɟɪɢɤ Ȼɸɣ ɀɚɧ Ɇɢɲɟɥɶ Ɇɚɪɦɷɣɭ Ⱦɢɞɶɟ ɉɨɪɚɤɤɶɹ ɢ Ɏɚɛɪɢɫ Ɋɢɰɰɨ ɷɬɢɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɥɨɜɨ ©ɫɩɨɪɬª ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɵɦ ɚɮɟɪɟɡɨɣ ɫɥɨɜɚ ©GHVSRUWª ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ɋɷɣɦɨɧɚ Ɍɨɦi ©ɜ ɫɬɚɪɨɦ ɮɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɷɬɨ ɫɥɨɜɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɨɬɞɵɯ ɪɚɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɛɚɜɭ ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɨɧɨ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɟɬ Ʌɚɦɚɧɲ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɤɚɡɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɺɧɧɵɦɜɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɢɣɹɡɵɤɫɬɚɜ³'LVSRUW´ɚɡɚɬɟɦ±³VSRUW´ȼɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɨɧɨ ɬɚɦ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɭɜɟɫɟɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɫɭɳɭɸ ɡɧɚɬɢ ȼɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɢ ɨɧɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɬ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɢ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɚɦ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɠɟɫɬɨɤɢɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɵɦ ɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ³ɩɪɨɫɬɨɧɚɪɨɞɶɸ´ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɨ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɤɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɸɗɬɨɫɥɨɜɨɜɧɨɜɶɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɨɎɪɚɧɰɢɢɜ;,;ɜɟɤɟɜ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɺɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɢ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɞɢɫɰɢɩɥɢɧɵ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɥɨɲɚɞɢɧɵɟ ɛɟɝɚ ɛɨɤɫ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɪɶɛɚ ɇɚ ɡɚɪɟ ;; ɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɞɨ ɯ ɝɨɞɨɜ ɟɝɨ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɫɸ ɮɢɡɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɭɸ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɫɭɝɨɜɭɸ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶª

ɉɨ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɋ ȼ Ⱥɥɬɭɯɨɜɵɦ ɢ Ⱥ ɂ ȼɨɪɨɛɶɺɜɵɦ ©ɷɬɢɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɥɨɜɨ ³ɫɩɨɪɬ´ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɩɨɡɞɧɟɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɦɭ ɝɥɚɝɨɥɭ GHSRUWDUH ɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɨ ɜ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɉɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɧɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɥɨ ³ɨɬɜɥɟɤɚɬɶɫɹ´ ³ɪɚɡɜɥɟɤɚɬɶɫɹ´ ³ɜɟɫɟɥɢɬɶɫɹ´ ± ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡ ɜɫɺ ɱɬɨ ɞɟɥɚɸɬ LQ VSRUW ³ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ´ ɢ IRU ORYH ³ɩɨ ɥɸɛɜɢ´ ȼ ɭɡɤɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɨɧɨ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɨɯɨɬɭ ɧɚ JDPH ³ɞɢɱɶ´ ɗɬɚ ɤɨɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ ɢɡ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɜɟɤɨɜɨɣ ɞɜɨɪɹɧɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɞɨ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɧɹª

ɇɢɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɩɚɪɚɝɪɚɮɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɣ ©ɫɩɨɪɬª ɢ ©ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª

ɋɩɨɪɬ± ɷɬɨ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɚɹ ɢ ɞɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨ ɞɨɫɭɝɨɜɵɯ ɨɡɞɨɪɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɥɢɰɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦɢ ɥɢɰɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɥɢɰ ɩɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɦ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚɦ ɜ ɬɪɟɧɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɚɯ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɟɛɹ ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɫɨɫɬɹɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɫ ɫɨɩɟɪɧɢɤɨɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ

Buy F., Marmayou J.-M., Poracchia D., Rizzo F. 'URLW GX 6SRUW 0DQXHO >ɋɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɍɱ @ qPH pGLWLRQ ± 3DULV /LEUDLULH *pQpUDOH GH 'URLW HW GH -XULVSUXGHQFH ± S ± 3

Thomas V.R.+LVWRLUH GX VSRUW >ɂɫɬɨɪɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ@ ± 3DULV 38) ± 3 ɉɟɪɟɜ ɰɢɬ ɩɨɋɨɥɨɜɶɺɜ Ⱥ.Ⱥ.Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɢ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ± Ɇ ± ɋ

Ⱥɥɬɭɯɨɜ ɋ.ȼ., ȼɨɪɨɛɶɺɜ Ⱥ.ɂ.Ɍɪɢ Ȉ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ Ʉɚɤ ɧɟ ɡɚɛɥɭɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɥɚɛɢɪɢɧɬɚɯ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɢ ± Ɇ Ɋɗɍ ɢɦ Ƚ ȼ ɉɥɟɯɚɧɨɜɚ ± ɫ ± ɋ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɢɯ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɦɨɪɮɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɡ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɞɜɭɯ ɢɥɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɫɬɹɡɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɟɞɢɧɨɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɥɭɱɲɟɣ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɹɡɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɛɟɞɢɬɟɥɹ

Ɇɚɫɫɨɜɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬ ± ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɣɫɹ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ ɤ ɫɩɨɪɬɭ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɯɨɬɹ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɺɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɧɢɦ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɦɵɣ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɫɬɶɸ ɜɨɜɥɟɱɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɟɝɨ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɫ ɫɚɦɵɦɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɨɜɥɟɱɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɣ

ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ ©ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª

ȼɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚª ɚ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɧɢɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɤɨɝɨ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɢɡ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɶ ɤ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɞɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ȼ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɥɨɦɚɧɨ ɧɟɦɚɥɨ ©ɤɨɩɢɣª ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ

ȼ Ɇ Ƚɟɥɟɰɤɢɣ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɨɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɬɪɟɦɹɬɫɹ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɧɚ

Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɢɝɪɚɯ ɱɟɦɩɢɨɧɚɬɚɯ ɦɢɪɚ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɫɟɪɢɢ ɤɭɛɤɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɚɪɬɨɜ

ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɵ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɨ ɧɟ ɧɚɫɬɪɚɢɜɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɧɚ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɤɪɭɩɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ Ƚɥɚɜɧɚɹ ɢɯ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ± ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨɟ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɤɭɛɤɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɫɬɚɪɬɚɯ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɸ

ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɵ ɜɟɬɟɪɚɧɵ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢɝɪɚɯ ɟɞɢɧɨɛɨɪɫɬɜɚɯ ɮɢɝɭɪɧɨɦ ɤɚɬɚɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɶɤɚɯ ɷɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɵ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɚɪɬɢɫɬɢɡɦɨɦ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɜɵɫɲɟɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɨ ɪɚɞɢ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɡɚɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɜ

ɉɨɧɤɢɧ ɂ.ȼ. Ʉ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɨɛ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɫɩɨɪɬª ɋɟɞɶɦɚɹ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪ ɧɚɭɱ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱ ɤɨɧɮ ©Ƚɥɨɛɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɉɥɢɦɩɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɢɝɪɵ ɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹªɆɚɬɟɪɤɨɧɮɉɨɞɨɛɳɪɟɞȾ ɂ Ɋɨɝɚɱɟɜɚɫɨɫɬ Ɉ Ⱥ ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ±Ɇ ± ɫ ± ɋ ±

Ƚɟɥɟɰɤɢɣ ȼ.Ɇ. Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɋɢɛ ɮɟɞɟɪ ɭɧ ɬ ± Ʉɪɚɫɧɨɹɪɫɤ ɂɉɄ ɋɎɍ ± ɋ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ Ɉ Ⱥ ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬ± ɷɬɨ ©ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɢ ɧɟɥɢɧɟɣɧɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɭɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɢ ɢɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɦɹɝɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɨɛɵɱɚɟɜ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɚɤɬɚɦɢ ɢ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɨɦ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ ɬɪɟɧɟɪɚ ɫɭɞɶɢ ɢ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɵ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɨɪɟɜɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɨɣ ɤɧɢɦɡɚɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɟɜɨɡɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɟɜɰɟɥɹɯɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚª

ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɟɳɺ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɞɟɮɢɧɢɰɢɣ ɧɨ ɜɫɟ ɨɧɢ ɫɬɪɚɞɚɸɬ

ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª ɋɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɷɬɨ ɧɟ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɸɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɫ ɩɨɥɢɫɟɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɦɧɨɝɨɡɧɚɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣª ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɨɩɥɚɱɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɨɦ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɢ

Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɵɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ©ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɪɬª ɞɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ

ȼ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ

ȿɫɥɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɩɪɹɦɨɦ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɬɨ ɥɢɲɶ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ ɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɦɢɪɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɩɨɥɧɨɜɟɫɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɺɪɧɭɬɨɟ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɹ ɤ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɭ ɨɬ ɥɸɛɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ƚɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɫɬɪɟɬɢɬɶ ɜ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɜ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɯ ɛɵɜɲɟɝɨ

ɋɋɋɊ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ Ʌɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɣ Ⱥɦɟɪɢɤɢ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɨɜ ɦɢɪɚ

ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɂ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɪɚɡɛɪɨɫ ɫ

ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ Ɉ.Ⱥ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚɆɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɚɫɫɨɰɫɩɨɪɬɩɪɚɜɚ,$6/ɄɨɦɢɫɩɨɫɩɨɪɬɩɪɚɜɭȺɫɫɨɰɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ± Ɇ ± ɋ

ɉɨɠɚɥɭɣ ɧɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɢɡɞɚɧɨ ɥɢɲɶ ɨɞɧɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɬɱɚɫɬɢ ɜɫɤɪɵɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ± ɫɦ ɒɟɜɱɟɧɤɨ Ɉ.Ⱥ. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪ ɚɫɫɨɰ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɚ ,$6/ Ʉɨɦɢɫ ɩɨ ɫɩɨɪɬ ɩɪɚɜɭ Ⱥɫɫɨɰ ɸɪɢɫɬɨɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ± Ɇ

Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɍɱɟɛɧɢɤ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɨɜ

ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ

ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ

ȼ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ ɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɧɚɬɪɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ

± ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

± ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧɚ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ

± ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɪɦ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

ɉɪɹɦɨɟ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ

ɫɩɨɪɬɚ

Ʉɚɤ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶɹ Ⱦɟɤɪɟɬɚ ɲɬɚɬɚ ɑɢɭɚɭɚ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɚ

ɨɬ ʋ ± Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ ɲɬɚɬɟ ɑɢɭɚɭɚª ©ɩɨɞ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɬ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɫɦɟɧ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɬɪɭɞɨɜɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɟ ɜɨɡɧɚɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɫɜɨɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶª

Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɲɬɚɬɚ

Ʉɨɚɭɢɥɚ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɚ ɨɬ ɝɨɞɚ©Ɉɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ ɲɬɚɬɟ Ʉɨɚɭɢɥɚª

ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ Ɂɚɤɨɧɚ ɲɬɚɬɚ Ʉɢɧɬɚɧɚ Ɋɨɨ Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɚ ɨɬ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟª ©ɩɨɞ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɪɬɨɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɩɨɨɳɪɟɧɢɸ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɢɥɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɸ ɜ ɫɩɨɪɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɛɵɥɢª

Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɚɹ ɧɨɪɦɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɬɚɬɶɟɁɚɤɨɧɚ ɲɬɚɬɚ Ɍɥɚɫɤɚɥɚ

Ɇɟɤɫɢɤɚ ɨɬ ʋ ©Ɉ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɟ ɢ ɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɜ ɲɬɚɬɟ Ɍɥɚɫɤɚɥɚª

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