caused by lymphatic obstruction [4] (Fig. 16.4). Tumor infiltration and edema in the pleural interstitial tissue lead to thickening of interlobular fissures. Diffuse ground-glass opacity areas seen in the progressed disease are caused by pulmonary edema.

Patient Prognosis

Although prognosis of PLC largely depends on the malignancy of origin, the overall outcome of the patients is dismal unless they are curable cancers with aggressive multimodal therapy.

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