Additionally, ill-defined centrilobular nodules may be present, reflecting intra-alveolar accumulation of pulmonary macrophages. Nodules have been reported to be uniform in size (1–3 mm in diameter) and are diffusely distributed with no zonal predominance [39].

CT–Pathology Comparisons

The airspace lesions histopathologically correlate with pulmonary hemorrhage, both with or without capillaritis [40] (Fig. 22.8).

Patient Prognosis

The treatment of DAH depends on the underlying cause of hemorrhage. Corticosteroids are a mainstay of therapy in most cases. Cyclophosmide or azathioprine may be added. Plasmapheresis may be tried in the cases of the immune etiology. Mortality is considerable especially in small vessel vasculitis.

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