References

Traumatic lung cyst is a very rare manifestation of blunt chest injury. It develops early after trauma, requires no speciÞc treatment, and resolves spontaneously after a period of up to a few months [68]. Its main signiÞcance lies in that it has to be differentially diagnosed from cavitary lung lesions of other origin. Symptoms are nonspeciÞc and include chest pain, hemoptysis, and shortness of breath. The majority of the reported cases had concomitant injuries, such as pneumothorax, hemopneumothorax, or pulmonary hematoma.

CT Findings

Pulmonary laceration (traumatic lung cyst) occurs when there is a disruption of the lung parenchyma, resulting in a cavity in the lung. It appears as a round or oval cavity or cyst on CT [69, 70] (Fig. 12.17). Traumatic cysts may be Þlled with air, blood, or both air and blood. Over time, they become increasingly Þlled with blood and then regress. They may be single or multiple and unilocular or multilocular in appearance. In acute setting, traumatic cysts are usually surrounded by contusion. Traumatic cysts heal more slowly than contusion and may last up to several months.

CT-Pathology Comparisons

Because of the normal pulmonary elastic recoil, lung tissues surrounding a laceration pull back from the laceration itself. This results in the laceration manifesting at CT as a round or oval cavity or cyst, instead of having the linear appearance typically seen in other solid organ. Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts develop through a mechanism that allows the transmission of great compressive forces to the lung parenchyma. The latter undergoes a rapid compression and decompression that causes the formation of small parenchymal lacerations, affecting both the alveoli and the interstitium. Around these lacerations, the elastic lung tissue retracts, thus leaving small cavities or cysts that are Þlled with air or ßuid [71].

Patient Prognosis

Traumatic lung cysts typically change in shape and size, and may become larger during the Þrst 2 weeks of observation [68]. After that time, they start to get smaller until eventual resolution. It requires no speciÞc treatment and resolves spontaneously after a period of up to a few months.

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