Pneumonia

Pneumonia begins suddenly. In most cases temperature rises quickly. The pulse rate and breathing are fast. Cough begins early and, at first, is dry and painful. The patient feels ill, has flushed face and a dry tongue.

In severe cases there may be delirium. A patient with delirium is very restless and the nurse must pay special attention to them.

Patients with pneumonia need rest and sleep. The best position for a patient is semi-sitting. Fresh air is very important. These patients need a lot of liquid and a light diet.

Influenza

Influenza is a very infectious disease. The disease can be mild or severe. The symptoms of influenza are: high temperature, headache and general pain. In most cases, the patient must stay in bed, be warm and drink a lot of water. The patient must stay in bed until the temperature is normal. The next two or three days he/she may be up for only short periods of time. After being infected with influenza patients feel weak and often depressed. As influenza is very infectious you must remember:

Never shake hands when you have a cold. Colds are communicated by contact. You should wash your hands after shaking hands with many people or people who have colds to prevent yourself from getting sick.

Ex.3. Give the English equivalents:

починається раптово; почервоніле обличчя; сухий язик; у важких випадках; легка дієта; інфекційна хвороба; залишатися в ліжку; слабкий і пригнічений; потиснути руку; передається при контакті; запобігти захворюванню.

Ex. 4. Give the Ukrainian equivalents:

need rest and sleep; there may be delirium; very restless; pay special attention; need a lot of liquid and a light diet; to prevent yourself from getting sick; after being infected with influenza.

Ex .5. Say if it is true or false:

1. Pneumonia begins slowly.

2. The pulse rate and breathing are slow.

3. Coughing is usually bad in case of pneumonia.

4. In most cases there may be delirium.

5. Fresh air is very important for patients with pneumonia.

6. Influenza is a very infectious disease.

7. Colds are not communicated by contact.

Ex.6. Answer the questions to the texts:

1. What kind of diseases is flu? 2.What kind of diseases is pneumonia? 3. What is the pulse rate and breathing? 4. In what cases may there be delirium? 5. What is the best position for a patient with pneumonia? 6. What do these patients need? 7. What are the symptoms of flu? 8. What are the symptoms of pneumonia? 9. How are colds communicated by?

Ex.7. Read the text and do the exercises:

Infectious diseases can pass from an infectious person to a healthy person in different ways.

Measles

Measles is a very infectious disease. The disease passes from one child to another. The first symptoms are sneezing and coughing. The disease begins with signs of a heavy cold, a running nose and a dry cough. The temperature is high and the child has a dislike of light.

Rash appears on the third or fourth day behind the ears and around the mouth, and then covers the body.

The nurse must be very careful to prevent the spread of infection. The nurse must take care of the mouth hygiene. The patient's mouth and lips must be clean and moist.

Ex.8. Are the sentences true or false? Correct false statements:

l. An infectious disease is a disease that you get from someone

or something.

2. Measles passes from one person to another only through the mouth.

З. Тhе rash appears in a week.

4. The nurse gives nourishing food when the temperature rises.

5. Measles begin with a cold and a bad cough.

6. The nurse must take care of the mouth hygiene.

7. The first symptom of measles is only coughing.

8. Rash covers the body.

9. The patient's mouth and lips must be clean.

10. The patient's temperature in case of measles and scarlet

fever is usually low.

Ex.9.Answer the questions.

l. What does a patient with measles have?

2. What is the temperature of a patient with measles ?

3. Does skin begin to peel?

4. Must we isolate a person with measles?

5. What are the first symptoms of measles?

6. When does rash begin in case of measles?

7. How must a nurse look after a patient with measles?

8. What diet must a child with measles have?

9. What are the symptoms of measles?