1. Ask about trip. Verbal model

   • Did you have a good trip? - Yes, thanks.

- Well, I am not happy about it.

2. Ask about actions that happened in the past and are finished, but we don’t know or are not interested in when they happened. We use the present perfect (the verb “have” and the past participle).

Verbal model

• Have you visited Ukraine before?

Structural model

have + seen

Activity 11.b.1. The task is to build the past participle of both regular and irregular verbs.

Regular verbs:

e.g. to visit – visit – visited - visited

to enter, to watch, to arrive, to calculate, to try, to rent, to export, to produce

Irregular verbs.

e.g. to meet – meet – met - met

to be, to do, to go, to make, to see, to have, to drive, to write

Activity 11.b.2. Complete the questions. A key language point is that we can use “before, yet, ever, never etc.” with the present perfect. The focus is on “have” and the rising intonation in questions.

• before – раньше, до того

e.g. Have you visited Ukraine before?

• yet? - уже?

e.g. Have you met the Managing director yet?

• ever? - когда-нибудь

e.g. Have you ever eaten borshch?

1. Have you visited (name of a company) before?

2. Have you met (name of a friend) yet?

3. Have you been to (name of a town) before?

4. Have you seen (an interesting place)?

5. Have you ever tried (a local dish)?

6. Have you had a chance to try (any local drink)?

3. Ask about something to clarify the information you are having in the form of a tag-question.

Verbal model

• You are the manager, aren’t you?

Structural model

…, auxiliary verb + not + pronoun of the subject?

4. Discuss the weather to be sociable.

Verbal models

• Lovely day today, isn’t it? ~ Yes, it is.

• A bit cold today, isn’t it? ~ Isn’t it.

5. Propose something to drink.

Verbal models

• Would you like a cup of tea? ~ I’d love one.

• Would you prefer tea or coffee?- I prefer coffee.

- Either.

- I would be pleased with either.

12. Activity 12. Mentioning actions that have happened to introduce a new topic.

We can use both the past simple and the present perfect to talk about actions that happened and are finished.

Past Simple	Present Perfect
If we are referring to a definite occasion in the past and mention a time indicator. I was in Ukraine last year.	If we do not use a definite time indicator. I have been to Ukraine several times.

Note: When we start talking about a definite time, we change to the past simple.

e.g.

A: Have you been to Ukraine before?

B: Yes, I have. Just the once.

A: Really? Was it a business trip or a holiday?

B: I came to see a client.

12. Activity 13. Polite phrases to make requests.

We use polite forms for the people we don’t know well, for large and difficult requests, for important occasions.

Activity 13.1. Elicit from students all the modal words they know to use in polite phrases.

can, could, may, will, would, shall, should

We have different ways of saying the same thing. All these modal verbs are used to make requests.

Could you call me a taxi? ~ Yes, I could.

Can I use your phone? ~ I’m afraid not. I have no money on.

The possible rules are:

Could used in polite requests.

Can used in polite requests.

May used with “I”.

Would used with You-requests.

Activity 13.2. Teacher asks SS. to say the same thing in a different way:

e.g. Would you call me a taxi?

Can you call me a taxi?

Will you call me a taxi?

1. to call up David;

2. to use your phone;

3. to join me for lunch;

4. to give me a lift;

5. to write a sentence;

6. to give me a hand.

12. Activity 14. Showing interest.

You can show you are interested asking questions and making positive noises. The positive noise with polite intonation means to rise up your voice to show interest.

• That’s interesting.

• Really?

• Oh.

15. Activity 15. Someone says “Thank you”, and you reply “пожалуйста” in English. Read the two models.

1	A:	Thanks for helping me find the phone number.
	B:	You are welcome.
2	A:	Thank you very much for a nice party.
	B:	It’s been a pleasure. Thank you for coming.
	A:	Not at all.

Other replies:

• Don’t mention it.

• That’s OK.

• It was a pleasure.

Activity 15.1. Make up 3 dialogues saying “пожалуйста” in English.

16. Activity 16. Someone says “Sorry”, and you have to reply “Ничего страшного. Пустяки.” in English.

A:		Sorry.
B:		Don’t worry about it.
Other replies:
.	It doesn’t matter.
	No harm done.
	It’s not important.

17. Activity 17. Make a proposal to your partner to see round the city and round the company.

• Would you like to see round the city? - Yes, I’d love to.

- I’m not really interested in it.

18. Activity 18. Pronunciation.

The words are important. The way you say them is also important. You need to use polite intonation – a wide pitch range. The flat intonation and small pitch range will be interpreted as rudeness, however polite are actual words spoken.

Activity 18.1. Read the sentences. First, use polite intonation. Then, the words should sound rude.

1. Would you mind waiting a moment?

2. May I have another cup of tea?

3. Can you pour it yourself?

4. I’m afraid I’m in a hurry.

5. Would you call me a taxi?

6. Could you tell me your name?

7. May I have your name?

19. Activity 19. Find things in common.

It’s nice to find you’ve got things in common when you meet people for the first time and like him or her.

Model l:

A:	Do you play tennis?
B:	Yes, I do.
A:	Oh, we both play tennis.

Model 2:

A:	How many children have you got?
B:	Two: a boy and a girl.
A:	Well, we both have two children.

Activity 19.1. Find five things you’ve got in common with your business partner. Use the models above.

20. Activity 20. Act out the conversation.

Activity 20.1. Act out the conversations below:

1	Visitor	Could I speak to David?
	Receptionist	May I have your name?
	Visitor	It’s Julie. I’m afraid I’m in a hurry.
	Receptionist	I’m sorry but he’s in a meeting at the moment. Would you mind waiting a moment? There’s a seat over there.

2	Receptionist	Could you sign a visitor’s book please?
	Visitor	Of course. May I use your pen please?
	Receptionist	Certainly. Would you like some coffee?
	Visitor	I’m afraid I don’t drink coffee. Do you have any tea?
3	Visitor	Could you possibly put my briefcase somewhere safe?
	Receptionist	Certainly.
	Visitor	I wonder if I might have another cup of tea.
	Receptionist	Of course. Please help yourself.

4	Visitor	Could I see your customer address book?
	Receptionist	I’d like to help but I’m afraid it’s confidential.
	Visitor	Really? I thought your colleague Mr.Lopez said I could.
	Receptionist	I’m afraid there must have been a mistake.

Activity 20.2. Situation: The hostess opens the door, invites the guest in and takes their coat. The guest apologizes for being late, explains why and gives a present. Make a dialogue on your own.

Criteria for evaluation are:

• “There is/ There are” constructions. What does “There is” mean? Negative and question forms.

• Introduce people of the same age; introduce people of different age;

• Introduce man to woman and talk about the weather;

• Part from a person;

• How we show politeness in English through intonation. (a wide pitch range)

• Why are we formal sometimes?

H/w:

1. There is/ There are constructions.

2. Learn the dialogues by heart“ Introduce people of the same age”,

“Receiving a guest”, “Talking about the weather”,

“Parting from a person”.

3. Ask for another cup of coffee and a cake politely.

4. Answer to a person who says “Sorry” in 4 different ways.

5. Introduce Miss Ivanova in an official situation.

6. Introduce Ludmila to your friend.

7. You receive a guest from Sweden in your office. Take care of him.

Lesson 14

Objectives:

• to hold social and business conversation with business contacts;

• to create the right impression when talking to a business partner.

Tasks:

• to ask a question to a subject;

• to get to know the prepositions of direction and movement “to, into, out of, from, off”;

• to discuss leisure interests;

• to respond appropriately to a visitor’s comments;

• to explain local customs to a foreign guest;

• to discuss cultural differences;

• to deal with problems encountered on a trip.