- •7.030507, 8.030507 – Переклад
- •Vocabulary – 1
- •Government
- •Vocabulary – 2
- •Parliament
- •Vocabulary – 3
- •Political Parties of Great Britain
- •Vocabulary – 4
- •Parliamentary Election
- •Vocabulary – 5
- •Exercises
- •United kingdom Government
- •The election system
- •The house of commons
- •Picture
- •Вестминстер и телекамеры
- •Палата общин и Британский парламент
- •Glossary
- •The political system of the united states of america
- •Government of the United States
- •Vocabulary – 1
- •Principles of American government
- •Vocabulary – 2
- •Three branches of power
- •Vocabulary – 3
- •How a bill becomes a law
- •If passed by one house,
- •If 2/3 majority in each house agrees, Bill becomes a Law
- •If Congress stays in session, Bill becomes a Law in 10 days
- •The executive branch
- •Vocabulary – 4
- •The judicial branch
- •Vocabulary – 5
- •Checks and Balances
- •Vocabulary – 6
- •Supreme court (judicial branch)
- •Exercises
- •Конгрес
- •Верховний суд сша
- •Glossary
- •The political system of ukraine Ukraine: general information
- •Party System of Ukraine
- •Vocabulary – 1
- •Government
- •Vocabulary – 2
- •Ukrainian Parliament
- •Vocabulary – 3
- •Politics and Political Parties
- •Vocabulary – 4
- •Transition to independence
- •Vocabulary – 5
- •Vocabulary – 6
- •The Constitutional Court of Ukraine (on the basis of Articles 147-153 of the Constitution of Ukraine)
- •Vocabulary – 7
- •Exercises
- •Про бідний Кабмін замолвіть хоч слово
- •Definition of “political party”
- •Glossary
- •Political systems
- •Three branches of power
- •Political parties
- •Resource pack Supplemenatry Texts for Rendering and Discussion
- •History of Cabinet
- •Change of meeting day
- •Powers of Cabinet
- •Cabinet Committees and Cabinet Secretariat
- •History of the Building
- •Entertaining at Number 10
- •Ministerial responsibility
- •Constitution of the United States (1787)
- •Політичні партії у Сполучених Штатах Америки
- •Партія регіонів
- •Партія “Батьківщина”
- •Barak obama’s inauguration speech
- •Інаугураційна промова віктора януковича
- •Constitution of the united states
- •Конституція україни
- •Розділ I
- •Розділ II
- •Розділ III
- •Розділ IV
- •Розділ V
- •Розділ VI
- •Розділ VII
- •Розділ VIII
- •Розділ IX
- •Розділ X
- •Розділ XI
- •Розділ XII
- •Розділ XIII
- •Розділ XIV
- •Розділ XV
- •7.030507, 8.030507 – Переклад
- •61000, Україна, Харків, мсп, вул. Лермонтовська, 27.
НАРОДНА УКРАЇНСЬКА АКАДЕМІЯ
І. В. Змійова
Політичні системи Великої британії,
Сполучених штатів Америки
та України
Political systems
of great Britain,
the united states of america
and Ukraine
Навчальний посібник
з усної практики для студентів 5 курсу,
які навчаються за спеціальністю
7.030507, 8.030507 – Переклад
Харків
Видавництво НУА
2011
УДК 811.111’27:32(075.8)
ББК 81.432.1-923.7-3
З-69
Затверджено на засiданнi
кафедри германської та романської філології
Народної української академії
Протокол № 12 вiд 30.05.11
Рецензент канд. філол. наук, проф. Т.М. Тимошенкова
З
З-69
Політичні системи Великої Британії, Сполучених Штатів Америки та України = Political Systems of Great Britain, the United States of America and Ukraine : навч. посіб. з усної практики для студ. 5 курсу, які навчаються за спеціальністю 7.030507, 8.030507 – Переклад / І. В. Змійова ; Нар. укр. акад., [каф. герм. та роман. філол.]. – Х. : Вид-во НУА, 2011. – с.
Навчальний посібник з усної практики для студентів 5 курсу, які навчаються за спеціальністю 7.030507, 8.030507 – Переклад містить тексти та завдання з теми «Політичні системи Великої Британії, Сполучених Штатів Америки та України». Вправи та тексти ґрунтуються на сучасному аутентичному матеріалі.
Посібник призначений для навчання на рівні перекладацьких відділень і факультетів вищих навчальних закладів.
УДК 811.111’27:32(075.8)
ББК 81.432.1-923.7-3
© Народна українська академія, 2011
CONTENTS
The Political System of Great Britain 4
EXERcises 12
glossary 27
The Political System of the united states of
America 29
exercises 40
glossary 47
The Political System of Ukraine 51
EXERcises 58
glossary 63-64
APPENDIX 65
THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF GREAT BRITAIN
Text 1.
UNITED KINGDOM
The Crown
The Crown is the supreme power in the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. The sovereign is also the head of the established Church of England and is commander in chief of the armed forces. In practice, however, the present queen, Elizabeth II, acts only on the advice of her ministers and cannot reject or ignore their advice.
These restrictions on the powers of the sovereign are the result of several centuries of confrontation and interaction between the sovereign and Parliament. In effect the United Kingdom is governed by her majesty's government in the queen's name.
The queen still has several significant functions. She calls and dissolves Parliament, and she opens a new session with a speech from the throne. This speech is not written by her, however, but by the government in power, and it outlines the government's policy for the forthcoming session of Parliament. Similarly, the queen confers honours – in the form of peerages, knighthoods, and decorations – that are given on the advice of the government and that often reward people for services to the political party in power. She can award some honours herself, however – such as the Order of the Garter. She appoints judges, army officers, diplomats, and officials of the Church of England also on advice.
Although the queen has in fact little authority of her own, she is kept informed of events and is sometimes consulted by the government in power. The queen has the advice of a Privy Council, which consists of ministers of the government and other persons recommended by the government in power. In the event of an inconclusive national election, the queen may be required to choose a new Prime Minister.
In addition to her other functions the queen is head of the Commonwealth, which consists of a number of states that formerly belonged to the British Empire. The Commonwealth includes such countries as Australia, Canada, and New Zealand and a number of smaller states such as Jamaica, the Bahamas, and Fiji. The queen is represented in these countries by governors-general, who are not members of the United Kingdom government and who act independent of it. The United Kingdom government cannot interfere in the affairs of a Commonwealth country, except in the case of such dependencies as the Falkland Islands and Gibraltar, which have not achieved complete independence from the United Kingdom.
The history of the monarchy plays a large part in the history of the British Isles. The present sovereign is a descendant of Sophia – the Electress of Hanover – whose son came to the British throne in 1714 as George I. Sophia was the nearest Protestant descendant of James I, her grandfather. The Act of Settlement in 1701 provided for the accession to the throne of Sophia and her heirs in order to ensure a Protestant monarchy. By this act all sovereigns must be members of the Church of England. The act also strictly limited the role of the sovereign in the government of the country. In 1917 the royal family dropped their German titles and took the name of the House of Windsor because of the unpopularity of everything German during World War I.
The queen and her family members are largely supported by the state. Parliament annually approves allowances for members of the royal family. The queen's private expenditures come partly from her own funds and partly from an inheritance known as the Duchy of Lancaster. The Prince of Wales receives revenues from another estate - the Duchy of Cornwall.