§ 5. The negative. We form the negative of a to-infinitive by putting not before to. I soon learned not to conflict with the manager. § 6. We use the infinitive:

• as the subject of a verb. To advertise in magazines is very expensive;

• as the object of a verb. Both parties have decided to postpone the stri­ke until a later date;

• as the complement of 'be'. Your mistake was not to write that letter.

§ 7. The split infinitive. "Splitting an infinitive" is usually considered unacceptable and should generally be avoided. I want you to understand that clearly. However, we often do separate to from the infinitive in spoken English, depending on where the emphasis falls: I want you to clearly un­derstand what I'm telling you. This often the case with adverbs like: comple­tely, fully, really, truly.

§ 8. Verb + object + infinitive. When the subject of the infinitive form is different from the subject of the verb, then an object pronoun (me, you, him, her, it, us, them) or a noun is placed before the infinitive form, / want him/John to help me (=He should help me) hut: Iwant to help (= I should help ):

• verb + object + bare infinitive is used after: see/watch/observe/ notice/hear/feel. / saw her enter the room;

• verb + object + to-infinitive is used after: want/wish/desire/would like/like/hate. He wishes the work to be done properly;

• verb + object + 'to be' is used after: expect/think/believe/suppose/ consider/find/know/declare, / consider him (to be) a clever man;

• verb + object + passive infinitive is used after: order/command/ ask for/allow. The manager ordered the cargo (to be) insured. He asked for the cases (to be) loaded today;

• verb + preposition + object + to-infinitive is used after: rely on/ count upon/wait for. / rely on you to do it in time.

§ 9. Verb in the Passive + to-infinitive is used after: advise/allow/ ask/believe/consider/expect/feel/find/force/hear/invite/know/re-port/say/see/suppose/teach/tell/think/trust, etc. He is said to be planning a new campaign. The goods are reported to have been dis­patched, /was told not to touch the switch.

F.l. Identify all the infinitive forms in the text "Collective Barga­ining" and translate the sentences into Russian.

F.2. Choose an appropriate verb from the box to complete the spaces in the article. The first has been done for you.

negotiate take place go deal act be dispersed

drop hand ignore negotiate award

Owners Can't Ignore Union

New York (CNN money). One of the most influential figures in modern professional sports says he fully expects baseball (1) to field 30 teams next year, and not (2) ... ahead with plans announced this week (3) ... two teams.

"I say it as an illustration of again how foolishly the owners seem (4)..., said Marvin Miller about the contraction plans announced by major leag­ue owners this week. "The notion that you can just (5) ... the union is fo­olish, and becomes more foolish each time they do it."

Love him or hate him, Miller is someone who is tough (6)... when tal­king about labor relations in baseball in general and U.S. sports as a whole.

Before Miller, owners could and did ignore players' wishes. They would refuse (7)... with players' agents, or (8)... multiyear contracts.

The owners have apparently come up with a new theory of how (9) ... with the players union — if you can't beat them, pretend they're not there. They tried (10)... the union their first defeat in the lifetime of most players by simply announcing the unilateral action.

Commissioner Bud Selig admitted that management would have (11)... with the union how the players with the two yet-unnamed franchises will (12)..., but not about whether contraction would (13)....

F.3. Read the sentences from "The Economist" advertisements, underline examples of verb + object + infinitive or verb in the Passi­ve + infinitive constructions and place them in the appropriate column in the box below. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. The Treasury Select Committee of the House of Commons is seeking a Committee Specialist to assist with the inquiries.

2. Candidates will be expected to have a broad understanding of the whole range of the Government's economic agenda.

3. Strict impartiality is required and the person appointed will be ex­pected not to engage in political activities for the duration of the ap­pointment.

4. "Local Voices" is designed to support professional broadcasters in creating high-quality coverage of AIDS issues for their audiences.

5. We are looking to you to strengthen our efforts by providing a first rate national and international policy research and advisory service to Director General.

6. Due to the nature of the work, the successful applicant will be requi­red to complete security clearance.

7. The Institute of Management and Computer Sciences is searching for an outstanding individual possessing a doctoral degree in mana­gement sciences area to head its management sciences stream.

8. He/she would be expected to provide leadership to build the Institu­te's management sciences track into a leading business program in Pakistan.

9. The institute is being planned to be elevated to the status of a university. 10. Following assessment of the Expressions of Interest, the Shell com­pany will invite short-listed applicants to submit full technical and commercial proposals.

Verb + object + infinitive	Verb in the Passive + infinitive

G. Speak up

G.l. Answer the following questions.

1. Are labor relations good or bad in your country? Why?

2. Do you consider that the unions in your country can influence the decisions made by the management? Why?

G.2. Discussion topics.

1. To what extent in your opinion should unions be consulted before ' management makes decisions about manufacturing new products,

changing working hours, hiring new staff?

2. Comment on the following: the decline of unionism in recent decades has been attributed to a) changes in the structures of the economy and labor force and b) growing managerial opposition to unions.

H. Reading the English newspaper

H.l. Read the article and do the exercises. United Talks Break off

Chris Isidore

Airline mechanics seek mediation halt; 30-day strike countdown co­uld start.

New York — United Airlines and the union representing its 15,000 mec­hanics are both poised to ask federal officials to declare an impasse in nego­tiations between the two sides, a move that could start the clock ticking towards a strike, although the airline said it is confident there won't be any disruption of service on account of the move.

The airline and the International Association of Machinists concluded four days of talks Friday mediated by the National Mediation Board, which oversees labor relations in the airline industry without a new labor agre­ement.

United, the main unit of UAL Corp., issued a statement Friday saying it was asking the NMB to release the two sides from mediation. The union had already requested that the NMB declare a 30-day cooling off period which under airline labor law must precede a strike.

Shares of UAL, the world's second largest airline holding company, ga­ined $ 1.37 to $ 34.49 in trading Friday.

The NMB issued a statement Friday saying that it would meet with the two sides separately during the week about a possible offer of binding arbitra­tion, the step that must be taken before declaring a 30-day cooling off peri­od. But unless both sides agree to binding arbitration, which rarely hap­pens, the clock then starts ticking towards a possible strike a month later.

President Can Block Strike

At the end of the cooling off period President Bush can delay a strike for up to 60 more days through appointment of a Presidential Emergency Bo­ard to weigh the various offers from the two sides. Such a move is seen generally as benefiting management.

Bush named such a board in talks between Northwest Airlines and a se­parate mechanics union earlier in March, and he threatened to do so in labor talks at other major airlines since that time.

United's statement said it does not foresee any disruption in its service to customers as a result of Friday's developments, suggesting that it is co­unting on the president to come to management's rescue once again.

Joe Tiberi, spokesman for the IAM, said that the union would be oppo­sed to any PEB in this case, and that it was confident that an agreement could be reached during the cooling off period.

"Historically those final 30 days when everyone's back is against the wall is when most productive negotiations take place," he said. "That's why we've been pushing for that since November."

Talks were delayed while the Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Organizati­on, an independent union that represents mechanics at Northwest, sought to win representation at United as well. The NMB rejected its petition to have a vote there earlier this summer.

H.2. Answer the following questions.

1. What moves show that a strike is possible?

2. Why did the union request a 30-day cooling off period?

3. How can President Bush delay a strike?

4. When do most productive negotiations take place?

Н.З. Match up the words and definitions and translate them into Rus­sian:

1) to mediate; a) to prevent a situation, event, system, etc. from working

in the normal way;

2) binding; b) a period of time usually between 10 and 20 days, in

which you can think about certain types of contract you have just signed and change your mind about entering into it;

3) to poise; c) a point at which further movement or development is

blocked;

4) impasse; d) when a disagreement between an employer and

employees is dealt with by independent officials who try to reach an agreement between both sides in order to prevent a strike or legal battle;

5. to oversee; e) to hold or place in a carefully balanced position;

5. cooling off period; f) to try to end an argument between two people or groups

by talking to both sides and encouraging them to reach an agreement;

7) arbitration; g) to check that an activity is being performed honestly

and legally;

8) to disrupt. h) something that must be kept.

H.4. Read the article once more, find the sentences containing infini­tive and translate them into Russian.

H.5. Make up the outline of the article and then render it.

L Reading the Russian newspaper