Vocabulary:

to observe law дотримуватись закону

to fulfill laws виконувати закони

rules of behaviour правила поведінки

voluntarily добровільно

compulsion примус

property relations майнові відносини

to combat encroachments on the state system боротись із замахами на

держапарат

Ex.3 Translate into Ukrainian:

1. The sphere in which the law operates is quite extensive.

2. These rules are set up for individuals, their collectives and organizations to be observed and fulfilled.

3. Law fixes the existing property relations.

4. Law lays down the measures for combating encroachments on the state system, the existing order of social relations and the forms in which this is done (criminal law, procedural law).

5. Law operates as an important factor in consolidating the social relations.

6. The more complex the economic mechanism of a society organized as a state, the stronger is the influence law exerts in many concrete directions.

Ex.4 Read the following text and translate it into Ukrainian:

LAW

Law is a code of rules of behaviour laid down by the state in the form of laws or other normative acts. These rules are set up for individuals, their collectives and organizations to be observed and fulfilled. Whenever the rules of behaviour laid down by law are not observed voluntarily, measures of state influence, including compulsion, are applied.

The sphere in which the law operates is quite extensive, embracing above all the sphere of production, distribution and exchange.

Law fixes the existing property relations. It operates as a regulator of a measure and forms of distribution of labour and its products between the members of society (civil law and labour law). The law fixes the forms of administration and the constitutional system, and determines the legal status of citizens as well as the activity of the state mechanism (constitutional law, administrative law).

Finally, the law lays down the measures for combating encroachments on the state system, the existing order of social relations and the forms in which this is done (criminal law, procedural law).

Law is never passive in respect of the socioeconomic system and always operates as an important factor in consolidating the social relations. Law also exercises a great influence on the economy, and the more complex the economic mechanism of a society organized as a state, the stronger is the influence it exerts in many concrete directions.

Ex. 5 Find in the text:

1. Закон регулює існуючі майнові відносини.

2. Закон передбачає міри боротьби із замахами на держапарат, на існуючий порядок соціальних відносин а також передбачає форми здійснення такої боротьби у кримінальному та процесуальному праві.

3. Право – це комплекс правил поведінки затверджених державою у формі законів чи інших нормативних актів.

4. Сфера впливу закону досить широка і охоплює майже всі галузі виробництва, розподілу та обміну.

5. Закон фіксує форми адміністративної та конституційної систем і визначає правовий статус громадян, а також діяльність державного апарату.

6. Чим складніших механізм суспільства організованого в державу, тим сильніший вплив закону в багатьох конкретних напрямках.

Ex.6 Match the following words to make up word–combinations:

Rules of acts

To observe voluntarily

To fulfill influence

Normative sphere

to apply society

property system

distribution of laws

members of status

constitutional behaviour

state measures

extensive labour

legal relations

Ex.7 Complete the following sentences:

1. Law lays down the measures for…

2. The sphere in which the law operates…

3. Law is never passive in respect of…

4. Whenever the rules of behaviour laid down by law are not observed…

5. Law is a code of…

6. It operates as a regulator…

7. Law also exercises a great influence…

Ex.8 Open the brackets using comparative degrees of adjectives:

1. The rooms are (clean) than they used to be.

2. This is (expensive) book of them all.

3. His answer was (bad) than I thought.

4. The Nile is (long) than the Dnipro.

5. She thinks this shop is (good) than that one.

6. These people are polite than in my town.

7. Who is (old) student in your group?

8. Is Michael (intelligent) than Stephan?

9. What is the name of the (high) mountain in Europe?

Ex.9 Open the brackets using the comparative degrees of adjectives:

1. This is … in our city. (big building)

2. She is … we have ever met. (strange person)

3. The road becomes … after some miles. (narrow)

4. Peter is … of them all. (old)

5. It was …time of my life. (bad)

6. The weather is much … than yesterday... (good)

7. Ann was a bit … than she usually is. (cheerful)

8. Going by train takes twice …going by plane.(long)

9. He thinks English spelling is … than Russian.(difficult)

10. This test was …of all. (easy)

11. She works … than her sisters (hard).

Ex. 10 Insert “as…as” or “so…as”.

1. I ski …well… my sister.

2. The weather is not … bad … I had expected.

3. That chair is … comfortable …this one.

4. Peter is … intelligent … my friend.

5. This girl is not … nice … that.

6. Her child is… tall … mine.

7. My brother’s French is not … good … Nick’s.

8. These houses are …high … those.

9. I am not …lazy …she.

10. He doesn’t drive … careful … she.

Ex. 11Translate into English:

1. У компанії 20 юристів. Але він – найбільш кваліфікований.

2. Цей результат значно кращий.

3. Сьогодні ще холодніше.

4. Студент Петренко наймолодший в групі.

5. Лютий такий же холодний, як і січень.

6. Ця справа не така складна, як попередня.

7. У мене вдвічі більше доказів, ніж у тебе.

Ex 12 Read the following text and translate it into Ukrainian: