- •Reference Book
- •Academic Writing
- •Contents
- •Unit 1 Academic Writing Style
- •1. The Differences between Spoken and Written Language
- •Checklist of language to avoid in academic writing
- •Exercise 1. Find the matches between more formal and common vocabulary.
- •Exercise 2. Match the following colloquial expressions with their formal equivalents:
- •Exercise 3. Edit the following text fragments according to the academic writing style:
- •2. Levels of Formality
- •Exercise 4. Organize the following sets of sentences in the order of formality as shown in the example above. The first one is done for you as a guide.
- •Exercise 5. Identify the inconsistency in levels of formality in the following text fragments and revise them.
- •Unit 2 Paragraph Writing
- •1. Paragraph Structure
- •A Sample Paragraph
- •Concepts to remember
- •The Topic Sentence
- •Exercise 2. Underline the statement you think would make the best topic sentence of the paragraph.
- •Organizing Patterns
- •Patterns of Paragraph Development
- •Illustration
- •Paragraph 1
- •Paragraph 2
- •Paragraph 3
- •Paragraph 1
- •Paragraph 2
- •Paragraph 3
- •Paragraph 4
- •Paragraph 5
- •Transitional words and phrases
- •Spoken language
- •Evaluating a paragraph
- •Paragraph Writing Evaluation Form
- •Unit 3 Essay Writing
- •1. Organization of the Essay
- •2. The Introductory Paragraph
- •Practice: The Introductory Paragraph
- •3. The Concluding Paragraph
- •Example
- •Practice: Concluding Sentences
- •Example
- •Formulating the counterarguments against the thesis
- •Organizing the essay The classical system of argumentation based on that of ancient Greek and Roman orators
- •5. Argumentation Designs Diagram I
- •Diagram II: Controlling Handguns – Pro and Con
- •6. The Writing Product Content
- •Organization
- •Language
- •The Writing Process
- •7. Checklist of Essay The Whole Essay
- •Paragraph
- •Sentence
- •8. Sample Argumentative Essay The predominant reason students perform better with
- •Practice. Revising the Essay
- •Heavy Traffic
- •Unit4 Research Paper
- •1. What Is Research?
- •2. Steps in Writing a Research Paper
- •What you must do
- •What you must produce
- •Note Taking
- •Bibliography
- •Some examples to compare
- •Practice. Write a paraphrase of each of the following passages.
- •5. Summary
- •Requirements for Summaries
- •Steps in Summarizing
- •A Sample Outline and Summary the colonial heritage
- •The Outline
- •The Summary
- •Language Focus: The First Sentence in a Summary
- •Useful Phrases for Longer Summaries
- •6. Texts for Note-Taking, Paragraphing and Summarizing Text 1 japan paves way for big foreign influx
- •Text 2 the gulf between professor
- •The keys to a civil society—diversity, tolerance, respect, consensus
- •Multiple-choice tasks Original I
- •Sample I
- •Sample II
- •Sample III
- •Original II
- •Sample IV
- •Sample V
- •Sample VI
- •7. Annotated Research Paper
- •Educating Kids at Home
- •Works cited
- •Research Paper Peer Editor’s Comments and Suggestions
- •Paragraph structure
- •8. Research Paper Abstracts
- •Supplement Comparison of Punctuation Marks Usage in English and Ukrainian
- •Practice
- •List of Works Cited Books
- •Articles
- •Internet Sources
- •Other Sources
- •Basic Features of mla Style Key Points Two Basic Features of mla Style
- •Mla author/page style for in-text citations
- •The mla list of works cited
- •Key points What to Do in the mla List of Works Cited
- •Articles
- •Internet sources
- •Key Points Citing Internet Sources
- •Other sources
- •Literature Used
Evaluating a paragraph
Topic Sentence
Does the topic sentence begin the paragraph?
Has the topic or subject been narrowed or limited?
Does the topic sentence express an opinion or idea about the topic?
Support
Are specific and concrete details used for support?
Is the support too general or vague?
Which of the following types of support are used:
Short examples?
Extended or narrative examples?
Explanations?
Statistics?
Statements by authorities? (quotes and
paraphrases)
Descriptions?
Unity
Which supporting sentences directly relate to the idea expressed in the topic sentence?
Which supporting sentences do not directly support the idea expressed in the topic sentence?
Coherence
Is there a logical order to the support?
Is repetition used to keep the reader focused?
Is the support relationship to the main idea sufficiently explained?
Using: Synonyms referring to key words;
Pronouns referring to key words;
Repeating actual key words or ideas;
Is the paragraph consistent in:
Person? (1st, 2nd or 3rd)
Number? (singular, plural)
Tense? (Present, Past, etc.)
Are combining devices used to tie points or sentences together?
Transition;
Coordination;
Subordination.
Paragraph Writing Evaluation Form
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Peer Editor’s Comments and Suggestions |
General |
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1. What is the best feature of this paragraph? |
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Paper Format |
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2. Is the format correct? Does it look like the model? |
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Organization and Content |
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3. Topic sentence: Is there a clear topic sentence? Does it have a controlling idea?
4. Supporting sentences: Is the main idea clear? Does the writer need to add more details to explain it? 5. Concluding sentence: Is there a concluding sentence? Does it begin with an appropriate end-of-paragraph signal?
6. Unity: Do all of the sentences support the topic sentence?
7. Coherence: Do the sentences flow smoothly? Are there any inconsistent pronouns? Are transition signals used? |
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Sentence Structure |
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8. Are there any unclear sentences? Can you suggest a way to improve them?
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Grammar and Mechanics |
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9. Are there any errors in grammar and mechanics? |
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Unit 3 Essay Writing
1. Organization of the Essay
THE PARAGRAPH |
THE ESSAY |
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Topic Sentence |
Introductory Paragraph |
General Statements THESIS STATEMENT |
Body (supporting sentences) |
Body Paragraphs |
TOPIC SENTENCE Supporting Sentences |
TOPIC SENTENCE Supporting Sentences |
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TOPIC SENTENCE Supporting Sentences |
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Concluding Sentence |
Concluding Paragraph |
CONCLUDING SENTENCE(S) Final Thoughts |