- •Reference Book
- •Academic Writing
- •Contents
- •Unit 1 Academic Writing Style
- •1. The Differences between Spoken and Written Language
- •Checklist of language to avoid in academic writing
- •Exercise 1. Find the matches between more formal and common vocabulary.
- •Exercise 2. Match the following colloquial expressions with their formal equivalents:
- •Exercise 3. Edit the following text fragments according to the academic writing style:
- •2. Levels of Formality
- •Exercise 4. Organize the following sets of sentences in the order of formality as shown in the example above. The first one is done for you as a guide.
- •Exercise 5. Identify the inconsistency in levels of formality in the following text fragments and revise them.
- •Unit 2 Paragraph Writing
- •1. Paragraph Structure
- •A Sample Paragraph
- •Concepts to remember
- •The Topic Sentence
- •Exercise 2. Underline the statement you think would make the best topic sentence of the paragraph.
- •Organizing Patterns
- •Patterns of Paragraph Development
- •Illustration
- •Paragraph 1
- •Paragraph 2
- •Paragraph 3
- •Paragraph 1
- •Paragraph 2
- •Paragraph 3
- •Paragraph 4
- •Paragraph 5
- •Transitional words and phrases
- •Spoken language
- •Evaluating a paragraph
- •Paragraph Writing Evaluation Form
- •Unit 3 Essay Writing
- •1. Organization of the Essay
- •2. The Introductory Paragraph
- •Practice: The Introductory Paragraph
- •3. The Concluding Paragraph
- •Example
- •Practice: Concluding Sentences
- •Example
- •Formulating the counterarguments against the thesis
- •Organizing the essay The classical system of argumentation based on that of ancient Greek and Roman orators
- •5. Argumentation Designs Diagram I
- •Diagram II: Controlling Handguns – Pro and Con
- •6. The Writing Product Content
- •Organization
- •Language
- •The Writing Process
- •7. Checklist of Essay The Whole Essay
- •Paragraph
- •Sentence
- •8. Sample Argumentative Essay The predominant reason students perform better with
- •Practice. Revising the Essay
- •Heavy Traffic
- •Unit4 Research Paper
- •1. What Is Research?
- •2. Steps in Writing a Research Paper
- •What you must do
- •What you must produce
- •Note Taking
- •Bibliography
- •Some examples to compare
- •Practice. Write a paraphrase of each of the following passages.
- •5. Summary
- •Requirements for Summaries
- •Steps in Summarizing
- •A Sample Outline and Summary the colonial heritage
- •The Outline
- •The Summary
- •Language Focus: The First Sentence in a Summary
- •Useful Phrases for Longer Summaries
- •6. Texts for Note-Taking, Paragraphing and Summarizing Text 1 japan paves way for big foreign influx
- •Text 2 the gulf between professor
- •The keys to a civil society—diversity, tolerance, respect, consensus
- •Multiple-choice tasks Original I
- •Sample I
- •Sample II
- •Sample III
- •Original II
- •Sample IV
- •Sample V
- •Sample VI
- •7. Annotated Research Paper
- •Educating Kids at Home
- •Works cited
- •Research Paper Peer Editor’s Comments and Suggestions
- •Paragraph structure
- •8. Research Paper Abstracts
- •Supplement Comparison of Punctuation Marks Usage in English and Ukrainian
- •Practice
- •List of Works Cited Books
- •Articles
- •Internet Sources
- •Other Sources
- •Basic Features of mla Style Key Points Two Basic Features of mla Style
- •Mla author/page style for in-text citations
- •The mla list of works cited
- •Key points What to Do in the mla List of Works Cited
- •Articles
- •Internet sources
- •Key Points Citing Internet Sources
- •Other sources
- •Literature Used
The National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy
Reference Book
in
Academic Writing
for Graduate Students
Кyiv 2007
The National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy
Reference Book in Academic Writing for Graduate Students
Compilers: Bilozerova O., Briskina L., Kytayeva S., Mazin D., Fedoriv Ya., Shvydka H.
Національний університет „Києво-Могилянська Академія”
Посібник з академічного письма для студентів магістеріуму
Укладачі: Білозерова О., Бріскіна Л., Китаєва С., Мазін Д., Федорів Я., Швидка Г.
Навчальний посібник "Reference Book in Academic Writing for Graduate Students" призначений для студентів магістерських програм НаУКМА й зосереджений на стилістичних і структурних особливостях академічних текстів з урахуванням міжнародних вимог до англомовного наукового дискурсу. Кожен розділ посібника складається з теоретичних відомостей і практичних завдань відповідно до Програми курсу англійської мови для магістеріуму НаУКМА. Розрахований для використання під час аудиторної та самостійної роботи студентів. |
Резензенти:
Будій З.І., канд. філол. наук, доцент, завідувач кафедри англійської філології Тернопільського національного педагогічного університету ім. Володимира Гнатюка
Василенко І.В., канд. філол. наук, доцент кафедри англійської мови Національного університету „Києво-Могилянська Академія”
Сєрякова І.І., канд. філол. наук, доцент кафедри граматики і історії англійської мови Київського національного лінгвістичного університету
© Київ 2007
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Для внутрішнього використання
Contents
UNIT 1 4
Academic Writing Style 4
1. The Differences between Spoken and Written Language 4
2. Levels of Formality 8
UNIT 2 11
Paragraph Writing 11
1. Paragraph Structure 11
2. Unity. Coherence. Development 16
UNIT 3 27
Essay Writing 27
1. Organization of the Essay 27
2. The Introductory Paragraph 27
3. The Concluding Paragraph 28
4. Argumentative Essay 30
5. Argumentation Designs 32
6. The Writing Product 33
7. Checklist of Essay 34
8. Sample Argumentative Essay 35
UNIT4 38
Research Paper 38
1. What Is Research? 38
2. Steps in Writing a Research Paper 38
4. Paraphrase 41
5. Summary 44
6. Texts for Note-Taking, Paragraphing and Summarizing 49
7. Annotated Research Paper 55
8. Research Paper Abstracts 62
SUPPLEMENT 66
Comparison of Punctuation Marks Usage in English and Ukrainian 66
APPENDIX 78
MLA STYLE of DOCUMENTATION 78
Index of MLA Style Features 78
Basic Features of MLA Style 80
Literature Used 97
Unit 1 Academic Writing Style
It should be noted that knowing about the process of essay writing and how to structure an essay is important; however, knowing about the appropriate style and conventions to use in your writing is equally significant. Academic writing is structured, formal and objective. Its language is often abstract and complex.