The Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense утворюється за допомогою had+past participle.

Affirmative			Negative			Question
I you he she it we they	had come had worked	there	I you he she it we they	had not come had not worked	there	Had	I you he she it we they	come worked

Ми використовуємо Past perfect, коли описуємо дію, яка відбулася перед іншою дією у минулому. Наприклад: The house was clean, she had just cleaned it.

Порівняйте:present perfect have done past now Sally doesn't want to go to the cinema. She has seen this film already.

past perfect had done past now Sally didn't want to go to the cinema. She had seen this film before.

Future Perfect

a) I will graduate in June. I will see you in July. By the next time I see you, I will have graduated. b) I will have finished my homework by the time. I go out on a date tonight. c) When Professor Jones retires next month, he will have taught for 45 years.

Future Perfect вживається для вираження дії, що закінчиться до певного моменту в майбутньому (Примітка: якщо момент, якому передує дія у Future Perfect, виражений підрядним реченням часу, то за правилами вживання часів у підрядному реченні замість майбутнього часу вживається теперішній)

Контрольна робота №3

Варіант II

Для виконання контрольної роботи необхідно засвоїти такі теми з граматики:

• Форми теперішнього (Present), минулого (Past) та майбутнього (Future) часів групи Perfect;

• Значення та вживання дієприкметників минулого часу(Past Participle).

Завдання 1. Прочитайте та зробіть письмовий переклад тексту.

Ukraine

Ukraine is located in the south-eastern part of Europe and covers the area of 603,700 square kilometres. The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable to the development of its relations with countries of Europe, as well as with the countries throughout the world. It borders on Russia, Byelorussia, Moldova, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. It is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov and has very important ports. The main part of the Ukrainian area is flat and only 5% of it is mountainous. The Ukrainian Carpathians and the Crimean Mountains are the most famous Ukrainian mountains and make up those 5%. The major rivers are the Dnieper, the Dniester, the Bug, the Donets and others.

The climate of Ukraine is determined by its geographical location. Ukraine's territory lies in the temperate belt. In general the country's climate is temperately continental, being subtropical only on the southern coast of the Crimea. Such climatic features in the south have contributed to the creation of one of the best resort areas in Ukraine.

Ukraine is a well-developed industrial and agricultural country. It is rich in iron ore, coal, natural gas, oil, salt and other mineral resources. The country has a big metallurgical, machine-building, fuel and power base; it is the producer of chemical and agricultural raw materials. One of the most important branches of national economy is the power industry. Besides, Ukraine produces planes and ocean-liners, tractors and combines, excavators and cars, up-to-date instruments and equipment, electronic microscopes and TV sets, computers and synthetic diamonds.

Scientists of Ukraine enrich the world science with important discoveries and inventions. They have contributed much to solving the main problems of automation of production processes and electric welding. The Academy of Sciences of Ukraine includes many outstanding scientists and research workers famous for their important research work. Our scientists created new improved machines and mechanisms, they do important research work in biology, medicine, nuclear physics. Besides different branches of industry Ukraine has highly developed mechanized agriculture. There are many good arable lands in the country.

The population of Ukraine is over 47 million people. The representatives of many nationalities live there: the Ukrainians, Russians, Byelorussians, Moldavians, Poles and Bulgarians. It has a very rich and varied culture and history. There are a lot of higher educational establishments in Ukraine, a lot of professional theatres, public libraries and state museums. Nowadays people of Ukraine display a keen interest in Ukrainian history and cultural heritage. Many masterpieces of Ukrainian culture have been revived.

Ukraine is a member of the United Nation Organization. It is visited by delegations, groups of specialists, art companies, sport teams and tourists from different countries of the world and establishes new contacts with these countries.

There are 400 towns and cities in Ukraine. Five of them have a population exceeding a million: Kyiv, Kharkiv, Donetsk, Odesa, Dnipropetrovsk.

The capital of Ukraine is Kyiv, its political, cultural, economical centre.

Завдання 2. Перекладіть українською мовою наступні слова та вирази з тексту. Будьте готові до письмового контролю лексики.

To be located, to cover, to be washed by, south, north, to determine, a temperate belt, favourable, development, to exceed, nationality, Poles, climatic features, synthetic diamonds, resort areas, mineral resources, to enrich, to contribute, electric welding, arable lands, keen, cultural heritage, masterpieces, to be revived, to establish.

Завдання 3. Поставте дієслова, що в дужках в Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future Perfect та перекладіть їх українською мовою.

1. All my friends were glad to hear that I (to pass) all the examinations successfully.

2. We already (to learn) a lot of English words.

3. They (to write) the article by five o’clock tomorrow.

4. I not (to meet) him for a long time.

5. On my way to the university I remembered that I (to leave) my report at home.

6. She never (to cross) the street at that place.

7. He (to translate) that text before I return.

8. She (to prepare) her report by the time they came.

9. This year scientists of Ukraine (to contribute) much to solving the main problems of automation of production processes and electric welding.

10. He said that he (to graduate) from our university.

11. The students (to translate) the text before the bell rang.

Завдання 4. Перепишіть ці речення, підкресліть в кожному з них дієприкметник та перекладіть їх українською мовою.

1. Translate the words written on the blackboard.

2. The broken dishes lay on the floor.

3. The book written by this scientist is very interesting.

4. The climate of Ukraine is determined by its geographical location.

5. Ukraine has highly developed mechanized agriculture.

Завдання 5. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст. Спираючись на інформацію подану в тексті, вирішіть, які ствердження відповідають дійсності(+), а які містять невірну інформацію(-).

1. Lesia Ukrainka is the literary name of Larysa Kosach.

2. Her mother was a sister of M.Starytskyi.

3. At the age of 3 Lesia learned to read.

4. She wrote her famous poem “Old Tale” in 1888 in Yalta.

5. Her last stay in Kyiv was in 1913.

Ukrainian literature contains a lot of glorious names. Among them one can name Taras Shevchenko, Ivan Franko, Lesya Ukrainka and others.

Lesya Ukrainka (Larysa Kosach) is one of the greatest and most popular Ukrainian poets. She was born on February 25, 1871 in Novgorod-Volynskyi. Her father knew literature very well. Lesia’s elder brother Mykhailo became a Ukrainian writer. Lesia’s mother was a writer known by the literary name Olena Pchilka. Her mother was sister of M. Dragomanov.

From her childhood Lesia heard discussions about Ukrainian history and literature. At the age of 4 Lesia learned to read and at 9 she wrote her first poem “Hope”. When she was 10 the family moved to Kyiv. A home teacher was invited for the children here. Lesia learned to play the piano. She made great success but at the age of 13 she fell ill.

The first poem of the 13-year old girl “Lily of the Valley” was published in Lviv magazine “Zona” because there were no Ukrainian magazines in Kyiv at that time. She took her literary name Lesia Ukrainka because of her love to Ukraine. In 1888 she lived in Yalta where she created a series of poems “Travelling to the Sea” and “Crimean Memoirs”.

In 1893-07 her book of poems “On the Wings of Songs”, the poem “Old Tale” and drama “Iphigenia in Tauris” were published. The peak of her poetic mastery was the “Sylvan Song” published in 1911 about the struggle between the beauty and the evil.

At the beginning of 1913 she returned to her Motherland to Ukraine. It was her last stay in Kyiv.

Lesia Ukrainka died on August 1, 1913 in Surani (Georgian) where she stayed for treatment and was buried in Kyiv.