12. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод выделенных слов:

1. Electricity is a source of light as well as of heat.

1. As igneous rocks and their veins are rich in mineral deposits, they are very important to man.

2. As is known, fossils are found in sedimentary rocks although they may be found in igneous rocks as well.

3. Mine cars are unloaded (разгружать) as they pass through a loading point.

4. As far as petroleum is concerned it is associated with water and natural gas.

5. Nowadays natural gas is utilized as a raw material for manu­ facturing synthetics.

6. As a rule open-cast mining is used when the deposit lies near the surface.

13. Прочитайте следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на пере-вод герундия с предлогами by, for, in, of, он, without:

1. The progress in the coal industry was achieved by mechaniz­ ing and re-equipping underground operations.

2. Brown coal and lignite are used as raw materials for produc­ ing coke and chemical products.

3. The problem of extracting geothermal energy is under con­ sideration now.

Unit 6 145

4. On re-utilizing the wastes (отходы) it will be possible to make the extractive industries more efficient.

5. Geologists have got good results in prospecting for mineral resources in the sea.

14. А) Назовите, в каких предложениях употреблен герундий. Укажите определяющие его признаки:

1. Charcoal is used for producing high grades of cast iron.

1. Coke is formed in the process of heating certain grades of coal in the absence of air.

2. New concentration plants have been built for the processing of non-ferrous and ferrous metals.

4. Many minerals undergo changes by taking water in their molecule.

5. The form of a mineral body is taken into consideration in selecting the method of mining.

6. In prospecting for useful minerals, aerial photography will play an important part.

7. Using modern mining equipment allowed the miners to in­ crease the output of coal.

8. The training of mining specialists now takes place in proxim­ ity to industrial enterprises.

9. It is difficult to understand the nature of fossils without study­ ing their origin.

6) Найдите в тексте а предложения, в которых употреблен герундий. Переведите предложения.

15. Переведите предложения, используя следующие слова и сочетания слов:

to be of great importance; to be the basis for; the national economy; to represent; there is; to manufacture; gaseous

1. Уголь, нефть и природный газ — старейшие источники энергии. Они представляют собой горючее топливо органи­ ческого происхождения.

2. Есть (существует) жидкое, твердое и газообразное топ­ ливо.

3. Уголь — сырье для получения кокса.

4. Сырая нефть является основой для изготовления про­ мышленного жидкого топлива.

5. Использование природного газа имеет большое значение для народного хозяйства страны.

146 Unit 6

16. Закончите предложения подходящим по смыслу словами нз текста а:

1. As for the origin of fossil fuels they have been formed by ... .

2. According to the latest information the main sources of energy are ... .

3. As is known fossil fuels are mostly associated with ....

4. As far as petroleum is concerned, it can be found in ... .

5. Generally speaking, all types of fuel are important....