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Теоретическая грамматика ответы (3 курс, eng).doc
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10) Classification of sentence according to the structure

All sentence may divided into simple and composite. Simple sentences ate divided into one member and two member. Primary member of a sentence: subject and predicate. Secondary members: object, adverbial modifier, attributive

One traditional scheme for classifying English sentences is by the number and types of finite clauses:

  • A simple sentence consists of a single independent clause with no dependent clauses.

  • A compound sentence consists of multiple independent clauses with no dependent clauses. These clauses are joined together using conjunctions, punctuation, or both.

  • A complex sentence consists of at least one independent clause and one dependent clause.

  • A complex-compound sentence (or compound-complex sentence) consists of multiple independent clauses, at least one of which has at least one dependent clause.

11) Simple sentence. Main features of the simple sentence.

It has been usual for some time now to classify sentences into two-member and one-member sentences. SIMPLE SENTENCE— A simple sentence is one that consists of a single independent clause and no subordinate clauses. The simple sentence always  contains  one  subject  and  one  verb.  For example: The  command  chaplain  supervised  the program. Simple sentence comprises a subject and a predicate (as well as secondary parts of a sentence): She (subject) invited (predicate) us to dinner. It requires a subject and a verb. We ordinarily include some additonal words that explain the subject. The sentence or a part of a sentence that contains a subject and a verb and constitutes a complete thought is called an independent clause. I like English. The sentence above conveys a complete thought. The subject is I, and the verb is like. The word English conveys an understanding of what the subject likes. The sentence has one independent clause and is a simple sentence. Observe the arrangement or sequence of sentence components: subject, verb, other parts of the sentence. This arrangement is not mandatory, but sentences written in this format are usually easy to understand.

12) One member sentence. It peculiarities.

Its subject and predicate. One member is a sentence which contains one of the primary member of a sentence. There are sentences which do not contain two such separate parts, in this sentences there is only one main part is not there and it could not even be supplied, at least not without a violent change in the structure of the sentence( fire! Come on!) or opening sentence of (dusk-of a summer night)

  1. Simple sentence. Two member sentence

In a sentence like helen sighed there obviosly are two main parts: helen, which denotes the doer of the action and is called subject, and sighed, which denotes the action performed by the subject and is called predicate. Sentences having this basic structure, a word to denote the doer of the action and another word to denote the action, are termed two-member sentences