18)Dwell on the problem of the syntactic bond

A syntactical relations between the component of the phrase is the syntactical bond. The are two theories concerning the types of syntactic bond. Продолжение ответ#19

19) Agreement and government as two main types of syntactic relations.

A syntactical relations between the component of the phrase is the syntactical bond. The are two theories concerning the types of syntactic bond. Professor Ilyish distinguishes two main syntactical reltions between components of a phrase: agreement, government. Agreement is a method of expressing a syntactical relationship which consists of making subordinate words take a form similar to that of a word to which it is subordinate. As to the problem of agreement of the verb with the noun or pronoun denoting the subject of the action (a child plays, children play), this is controversial problem. The fact that sentences like My family is small, and My family are early risers exist side by side proves that there is no agreement of the verb with the noun in either case: the verb shows whether the subject of the action is to be thought of as singular or plural, no matter what the category of number in the noun may be.

Government is the use of the certain form of the subordinate word, required by its head but not, coincide with the form of the head word etc. the role of government in modern English is almost as insignificant as that of agreement. The only thing that may be termed government is the use of the objective case of personal pronouns and of the pronoun who when they are subordinate to a verb or follow a preposition.

Even this type of government is, however, made somewhat doubtful by the rising tendency.

20) Three types of aspect in English language: semantic, pragmatic, structural

21) Basic features of object. Ответ №17

22) State out the main of adverbial modifier.

The word “adverbial ” may give rise to two notions, both of them wrong. For one thing, we may suppose that an adverbial modifier is always expressed by an adverb, which of course is not true: an adverbial modifier may be expressed by different morphological means. There are several ways of classifying adverbial modifiers: according to their meaning, according to their morphological peculiarities, according to the type of their head word. A complete classification of adverbial modifiers according to their meaning, a list of all possible meaning they can have, is impossible to achieve, and it would serve no useful purpose. As to classification according to morphological peculiarities, it can probably be made exhaustive, although some of the morphological types are met with every seldom unit

Another type of adverbial modifier is the phrase pattern “preposition+ noun”. This type of adverbial modifier is one of those which are sometimes indistinguishable from object, or rather where the distinction between object and adverbial modifier is neutralized.

23) Comment on the main features of the attribute

An attribute can either precede or follow the noun it modifiers. Accordingly we use the terms “prepositive” and “postpositive” attribute. The position of an attribute with respect to its head word depends partly on the morphological peculiarities of the attribute itself, and partly on stylistic factors. The size of a prepositive attribute phrase can be large in Modern English. This is mainly due to the fact that whatever is included between the article and the noun , is apprehended as an attribute to the noun. The problem can best be approached in the following way. If we take the sentence: history only emerged in the eighteenth century as a literary art… we shall have to choose between two views: in the century is in adverbial modifier of time; eighteenth is an attribute; in the eighteenth century is an adverbial modifier of time and is a secondary member of the sentence, modifying the predicate verb emerged.