52. Adverbial modifier and its function.
The position of adverbial modifiers in the sentence is known to be comparatively more free than that of other parts. However , there is some difference here between types of modifiers . those which are most closely linked with the part of the sentence they modify are the ones that denote the frequency or the property of an action. They come between the subject and the predicate , or even inside the predicate if it consists of two words – an auxiliary and a notional verb , or two elements of a compound predicate.
We cannot however say either that adverbial modifiers of these types cannot stand elsewhere in the sentence , or that adverbial modifiers of frequency well appear at the beginning of the sentence. Occasionally on the other hand an adverbial modifier of another type appears between subject and predicate: Catherine , for a few moments , was motionless with horror .
The more usual position of the adverbial modifiers of time and place is outside the group “ subject+predicate+object”, that is either before or after it. an adverbial modifier also comes in between two components of the predicate in the following sentence: he was acting not happily , not with an easy mind, but impelled to remove some of the weight that had for months been pressing him down.
The usual statement about adverbial modifiers of time always coming either at the beginning or at the end of a sentence , and outside the subject predicate group anyway, is much too strict and is not borne out by actual usage. Here are some examples of adverbial modifiers of time coming either between the subject and the predicate , or within the predicate, if it consists of more than one word:
Bessie , during that twenty-four hours , had spent a night with Alice and a day with Muriel.
53.Text and its types.
54. Comment on the structural type.
Types of Sentences According to Structure
-
Simple
-
Composite
The relations between the two classifications should now be considered.
It
is plain that a simple sentence can be either declarative, or
interrogative,
or imperative. But things are somewhat more complicated
with reference to composite sentences. If both (or all) clauses
making up a composite sentence are declarative, the composite
sentence as a whole is of course declarative too. And so it is
bound to be in every case when both (or all) clauses making a
composite
sentence belong to the same type of communication (that is
the case in an overwhelming majority of examples). Sometimes,
however,
composite sentences are found which consist of clauses
belonging
to different types of communication. Here it will sometimes
he impossible to say to what type of communication the composite
sentence as a whole belongs. We will take up this question
when we come to the composite sentence.
Some other questions connected with the mutual relation of the two classifications will be considered as we proceed.
55. Comment on the type of the predicate.
The predicate is one of the two main parts of the sentence:1-it denotes action or property of the thing expressed by subject 2-it is not dependent on any other part of the sentence 3- ways of expressing the predicate are varied and their structure will better be considered under the heading of types of predicate.
Predicate may be classified in two ways , one of which is based on their structure (simple and compound)and the other on their morphological characteristics(verbal and nominal)
If we take the structural classification as the basic one we obtain the following types:
Simple predicate-1)verbal 2)nominal
Compound predicate:-1)verbal 2)nominal
If we were take the morphological classification as the basic one the result would be the following:
Verbal predicate:-1)simple 2)compound
Nominal predicate 1)simple 2)compound