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Файл:Книга по английскому!!!.doc
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- •Федеральное агентство по образованию
- •Н.Е.Воскресенская, с.А.Захарова английский язык для первокурсников
- •Contents Unit 1
- •Put the words in the alphabetical order.
- •Read these words and give their Russian equivalents.
- •Grammar: Personal and Possessive Pronouns
- •Choose proper pronouns for the nouns.
- •Fill in the correct pronoun.
- •Read and translate word combinations:
- •Grammar: Verb to be
- •Fill in the correct form of the verb.
- •Fill in the verb to be in Present Simple.
- •Fill in the verb to be in Present, Past or Future Simple.
- •Grammar: there is/are – есть/имеется
- •Translate the following sentences.
- •Grammar: Verb to have
- •Our Group and Our Studies
- •Words and word combinations on the text.
- •Learn the word combinations. Make sentences with them.
- •Choose the correct translation.
- •Read and translate the following word combinations into Russian.
- •Read the text and tell your partner about your group and studies. Our Group and Our Studies
- •Complete the sentences with the correct words.
- •Answer the following questions and then tell the class about your activity at the University.
- •Grammar: Basic forms of the Verb Regular Verbs
- •Irregular Verbs
- •Pair work. Learn the irregular verbs given above.
- •Read these numerals.
- •Read the dates.
- •Enjoy the jokes. A Few Laughs
- •First-Year Students Speak About Themselves
- •Words and word combinations on the text.
- •Match the Russian words and word combinations with the English ones.
- •Read and retell the text. First-Year Students Speak About Themselves
- •Give Russian equivalents.
- •Learn the names of the faculties.
- •Compare English and Russian words.
- •Learn the words and word combinations.
- •Learn the new words and word combinations from the text “St.Petersburg State Marine Technical University”.
- •Match the words and word combinations with their Russian translation.
- •Read the questions, then the text, translate it and answer the questions:
- •St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University
- •Additional material to the lesson:
- •Read the text, make up an outline and retell the text. The University
- •Read the text and retell it.
- •2.1. Put the words in the alphabetic order.
- •Compare the English and Russian words.
- •Read the English words correctly and give their Russian equivalents.
- •Match the word combinations in a with their close in meaning word combinations in b.
- •Grammar: The Sentence
- •Put these words in the correct order to make sentences.
- •Grammar: Present Simple
- •Grammar: Past Simple
- •Read the verbs correctly.
- •Complete the sentences with verbs from the box in the correct form (Present or Past Simple).
- •Write questions for these answers.
- •Write questions for these answers. Use a word from the box to start each question.
- •Grammar: Future Simple
- •Fill in will or going to.
- •Choose the correct form of the verb.
- •Translate the sentences into Russian and then again into English.
- •Find the correct English equivalent.
- •Write the following verbs in Past Simple.
- •Follow the models, make the sentences negative and add some information.
- •Tell your partner or the class:
- •Enjoy the jokes.
- •Shoes Don’t Match
- •University Education in Great Britain
- •Words and word combinations on the text.
- •Translate the text with the dictionary. University Education in Great Britain
- •Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
- •Read and translate the text with the dictionary. The Universities of Great Britain
- •Fill in what, which, who, when, where, whose or why.
- •Complete the reporter’s questions.
- •Complete the following sentences with the appropriate form of “speak, talk, say, tell”.
- •Enjoy the jokes.
- •Read and translate the text and then tell the group about Canadian Universities. Canadian Universities
- •Read and translate the sentences. Pay attention to prepositions of time: at, on, in. Learn and memorize their usage.
- •Put in the correct prepositions: at, on or in. Translate the sentences.
- •Put the words in the alphabetical order.
- •Give Russian equivalents to the English words, paying attention to suffixes.
- •Choose the correct English equivalent.
- •Grammar: Особенности перевода конструкций со страдательным залогом
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Rewrite these sentences, putting the verbs in the passive. Keep them in the same tense, and remove they, we, etc.
- •Our Physics laboratory
- •Words and word combinations on the text.
- •Read the text. Find answers to these questions.
- •Read the text again and retell it. Our Physics Laboratory
- •Have a break! Enjoy yourselves!
- •Ship Model Tests
- •Words on the text.
- •Match English and Russian words.
- •Translate the word combinations.
- •Read and translate the text with a dictionary. Ship Model Tests
- •Grammar: Degrees of Comparison
- •Change the adjectives according to the models.
- •Grammar: Conjunctions of Comparison
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Translate the joke.
- •Fill in the blanks with the English words.
- •Translate the word combinations with “most”.
- •Put the adjectives in brackets into the comparative or superlative form.
- •Complete each sentence with two to five words, including the words in bold.
- •Answer the following questions.
- •Grammar: Substitutes one (ones), that (those)
- •Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the words: one (ones), that (those).
- •Changing Weather
- •Words on the text.
- •Read and translate the text with a dictionary. Changing Weather
- •Read the text and talk about the most interesting phenomena and places on the globe. Weather Extremes
- •Read the text and talk about the climate in your city or town, using the expressions from the text. Compare it with that of London, Moscow or St.Petersburg. Climate and Weather
- •Read the text and say how weather influences people and you personally. What is Weather?
- •Polite Speech (over the telephone).
- •Now pay attention to prepositions of position: in, at, on.
- •Read the personality test and choose the alternative that best describes your likes or dislikes, or the way you feel. Are you a thrill-seeker? Words on the test are given below the text.
- •Words on the text:
- •Scoring
- •Give the basic forms of the nouns and adjectives.
- •-Al, -ant/-ent are adjective-forming suffixes. Read and translate the adjectives.
- •Can you work out the meaning of the words below? Prefixes in-, il- ,im-, ir- have negative meaning.
- •Translate the word combinations paying attention to the adjectives.
- •Present Perfect
- •Past Perfect
- •Future Perfect
- •Translate the sentences into Russian and then back into English.
- •Put these words in the correct order to make questions. The first word is given.
- •In this exercise you have to read a sentence and then write another sentence with the same meaning.
- •Put the verb into the correct form, Present Perfect (I have done) or Past Simple (I did).
- •Put the verb into the correct form, Past Simple or Past Perfect.
- •The Hero-City of Leningrad
- •Words on the text.
- •Match the English and Russian equivalents.
- •Read and translate the text. The Hero-City of Leningrad
- •Answer the questions.
- •Write an outline (plan) of the text and tell about the Hero-City of Leningrad.
- •Put the verb into the correct form.
- •Put the verb into the correct form, Past Continuous or Past Simple.
- •Choose the proper translation.
- •Read the joke.
- •St. Petersburg is the City of Shipbuilders
- •Learn the words and word combinations.
- •Fill in the gaps with the English words.
- •Read the questions and find the answers in the text.
- •St. Petersburg is the City of Shipbuilders
- •Write sentences using the time expressions in brackets, as in the example.
- •Fill in the gaps with recently, ever, how long, yet, for, since, never.
- •Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form, Present Perfect or Past Simple.
- •Compare the verb-forms and translate the following pairs of sentences.
- •Put in the correct prepositions in, at, on. Translate the sentences.
- •The First Ships of the Russian Navy
- •Words on the text.
- •Read and translate the text. The First Ships of the Russian Navy
- •Answer the following questions.
- •Enjoy yourself.
- •Write the basic form of the following verbs.
- •Give Russian equivalents of the English words.
- •Translate the following words and word combinations.
- •Read the words and give their Russian equivalents.
- •Grammar: Modal Verbs and their Equivalents
- •Choose the English equivalents.
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Choose the sentences with the verbs meaning necessity (obligation) and translate them.
- •Complete the sentences with the proper modal verb.
- •Obligation and advice.
- •The Shipbuilding Industry
- •Words on the text
- •Read and translate the text in writing: The Shipbuilding Industry
- •Choose the correct English equivalent.
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Fill in the blanks with the English words.
- •Complete these sentences with some / any / somebody / anybody / anyone / nobody / anything / nothing / anywhere/.
- •The Krylov Shipbuilding Research Institute
- •Words on the text.
- •Read and translate the text. The Krylov Shipbuilding Research Institute:
- •Grammar: Clauses
- •Translate the following sentences.
- •Translate the sentences
- •Translate the sentences.
- •The First Stays First
- •Words on the text.
- •Read and translate the text. The First Stays First
- •Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the prepositions at the end of relative clauses.
- •Grammar: Reported Speech. Sequence of Tenses
- •Sequence of Tenses
- •Complete the second sentence in each example so that it becomes a reported version of the first sentence.
- •Read the text. Turn direct speech sentences into a reported version and retell the story. A Funny Story
- •Read the dialogue and retell it in reported speech. Polite Speech (over the telephone)
- •Pella: a Self-Made Shipyard
- •Words and word combinations on the text.
- •Read and translate the text, write an outline and a summary of the text. Pella: a Self-Made Shipyard
- •Enjoy yourself!
- •Translate the adjectives with the suffixes –ful, -ous, -ic, -ive, -al.
- •Past Participle
- •The Functions of Present and Past Participle
- •Translate the phrases with Present Participle.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to Present Participles.
- •Analyse the pairs of sentences and translate them.
- •Rewrite the sentences using participles.
- •Make sentences beginning with Having …
- •Now make sentences beginning with -ing or Not-ing.
- •Choose the correct alternative in the following sentences.
- •The Port of St. Petersburg
- •Words and word combinations on the text.
- •Read the text and answer the questions: 1. What happened in 1703, 1704 and in 1721? 2. What ships call at St. Petersburg’s port? 3. What cargo do ships carry? The Port of St. Petersburg
- •Translate the following sentences. Analyse them.
- •How Merchant Ships Operate
- •Words and word combinations on the text.
- •Translate the phrases.
- •Read and translate the text. How Merchant Ships Operate
- •The Functions of Gerund
- •Translate and analyse the sentences.
- •Words on the text. Learn them.
- •Do the written translation of the text. The Port of Novorossiysk
- •Types of Ships
- •Words on the text.
- •Match the words in a with the words in b.
- •Fill in the proper English words.
- •Match the synonyms.
- •Translate the word combinations.
- •Analyse and translate the sentences.
- •Enjoy yourself! Read the dialogue and retell it in reported speech. A Close Translation
- •Answer the questions using the prepositions given.
- •Read the letter. Why is it called “polite”? a Polite Letter
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to different meanings of after, before, as.
- •Make the following words negative.
- •Give Russian equivalents to the international words.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the words and word combinations in bold type.
- •Read, analyse and translate the sentences.
- •Grammar: Objective Infinitive Construction (Complex Object – Сложное дополнение)
- •Verb groups followed by the Infinitive Construction
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Fill in the particle to before the infinitive where necessary and translate the sentences.
- •Read and translate the dialogue. A Sound Sleeper
- •Words and word combinations on the text.
- •Form all possible word combinations.
- •Translate the word combinations paying attention to the parts of speech.
- •Match the English words in a with their Russian equivalents in b.
- •Translate the word combinations.
- •Match the synonyms.
- •Read the text and answer the following questions.
- •The Ship’s General Arrangement
- •Words and word combinations on the text.
- •Read and translate the text with a dictionary (passages 1–3 orally, 4–7 in written form). The Ship’s General Arrangement
- •Grammar: Subjective Infinitive Construction (Complex Subject)
- •Find the proper Russian translation.
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Read a sentence and then write another sentence with the same meaning.
- •Rephrase the following sentences as in the example.
- •A Ship’s Propeller
- •Words on the text.
- •Read the text and answer the following questions.
- •Read the text, find the sentences with the Complex Object construction, translate them. Reproduce the story. The Science of Speaking
- •Read and translate the text. As One Grows Older (From “Writer’s Notebook” by w.Somerset Maugham)
- •Complete the following dialogue at a reception in a hotel by putting the verbs in brackets into the correct tense (Present Continuous or Present Simple).
- •Different Types of Marine Engines
- •Words on the text.
- •Match the English words in a with their Russian equivalents in b.
- •Read and translate the text. Different Types of Marine Engines
- •The Echo Sounder
- •Translate the sentences.
- •Translate the text. The Echo Sounder
- •Answer the questions.
- •Pay attention to phrasal verbs, guess at their meaning from the context of the sentence.
- •The Internet
- •Bill Gates
- •Inversion:
- •Applying for a Job
- •1. A Job Interview
- •2. Before the Interview
- •3. Just Before
- •4. At the Interview
- •5. After the Interview
- •6. An Interview for a Job
- •Английский язык для первокурсников
How Merchant Ships Operate
-
Words and word combinations on the text.
|
arrival n |
— |
прибытие |
|
arrive in, at |
— |
прибывать в |
|
cargo n |
— |
груз |
|
employ v |
— |
использовать(ся) |
|
departure n |
— |
отправление |
|
departure v |
— |
отправлять(ся) |
|
liquid bulk carrier |
— |
балкер, наливное судно |
|
liquid natural gas carrier [LNGC] |
— |
газовоз, судно для перевозки сжиженных природных газов |
|
merchant ship |
— |
торговое судно |
|
own v |
— |
владеть, обладать |
|
tramp n |
— |
трамп (судно, не совершающее регулярных рейсов) |
-
Translate the phrases.
1. They are designed to … , 2. ships operate, 3 regular routes, 4. fixed timetable, 5. a list of arrivals, 6. in advance, 7. a large number of ships, 8. most merchant ships, 9. the most economical way of transporting, 10. I don’t know whether I am right or not, 11. a particular type of vessel.
-
Read and translate the text. How Merchant Ships Operate
Merchant ships are designed to carry cargo. Some are also designed to carry passengers. Nowadays most merchant ships are built to carry cargo. A few still carry passengers. Merchant ships can operate in the following three basic ways.
They can operate as liners. Liners are employed on regular routes on a fixed timetable. A list of their arrivals and departures is published in advance. They sail whether they are full or not.
Merchant vessels can also operate as tramps. Tramps do not sail on regular routes. They do not keep to a fixed timetable. They are employed in all parts of the world where there is cargo for them to carry.
A large number of merchant ships operate as specialized vessels. These are designed to carry a particular type of cargo. There are several types of specialized vessels. The most common are oil tankers. They are owned by the major oil companies or by independent operators. Two other types of liquid bulk carrier of growing importance are chemical carriers and liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers. Oil tankers are often very large, because huge quantities of oil need to be transported and one large vessel is more economical to operate than two smaller ones.
|
Grammar: Gerund |
||
|
|
Active |
Passive |
|
Simple |
building |
being built |
|
Perfect |
having built |
having been built |
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