Text a at the university
The classes at our University will start on the first of September. We shall speak about the subjects we shall study. We shall have lectures, practical work, seminars and lessons. We shall have compulsory and optional courses. The monitors of the groups will check the attendance at the lectures. We shall study many subjects and English is one of them. We will not only read and translate English articles and stories in our speciality, but speak English fluently as well. With the help of tape-recorders we shall improve our intonation. We shall have English lessons twice a week. The greater part of the lesson will be oral speech. We shall work a lot to improve our reading skills. In class we shall read in chorus and pay attention to the pronunciation. Such kind of work will be very useful.
Notes
compulsory
optional
monitor
attendance
fluently
improve
devote
chorus
факультативный
староста
посещение
бегло
улучшать
посвящать
хор
DIALOGUE
Mary: Won't Tom be annoyed?
John: Annoyed at what?
Mary: At your taking his car.
John: He won't know.
Mary:
Why won't he?
John: He won't be back till after we get home.
Mary: How do you know I won't tell him?
John: If you do you won't get a birthday present.
Mary: But, won't Tom want to know where his car is?
John: Yes, what shall we tell him?
Mary: I don't know.
John: I hope it will stop raining. And he will see that his car is dirty.
Mary: Will we have to clean it? John: No, we won't. Mary: What shall we do? John: We'll leave it in a ditch. Mary: At least you'll tell the truth.
Notes
ditch канава, ров
to steal красть
Ex. 13 Continue the dialogue.
Ex. 14 This is an old puzzle. Work in pairs or small groups to solve it.
You will need the words which mark sequence – firstly, secondly, lastly, etc. – to work out the answer and explain your solution.
A man lives in a remote House with his only possessions – a fox, a chicken and a bag of grain. One night the nearby river overflows and the house is surrounded by water. There is a rowing boat with enough room for the man and either the fox, or the chicken, or the grain. If he takes the grain, the fox will eat the chicken. If he takes the fox, the chicken will eat the grain.
How does the man carry them safely to land?
ARTICLES: THE, A, AN
You use the:
1. when you are talking about something specific.
Example: The list goes on.
2. when you refer to something you have mentioned before.
Example:…her best photograph (was) shown to two men scientists.
The photograph was extremely important.
You use a or an:
1. when you mention something for the first time.
Example: a copy … was shown.
2. when you refer to someone or something without giving details.
Example: I gave her a book.
You don’t use the or a:
1. when you talk about people or things in general.
Example: … women aren’t interested in science.
2. when you refer to countries or places you go to often.
Examples: He lives in Italy
She goes to school every day.
Ex. 15 Read about three women scientists and fill in the gaps with articles when necessary.
Kathleen Kenyon (1906–1978) was … great archaeologist. She studied … human history. From 1952 to 1958 she worked near … ancient city of Jericho in … Jordan. She was able to date … city back to 7000 ВС, making Jerichc … oldest city in … world. This showed … importance of … cities in … development of … civilisation.
Kathleen Lonsdale (1903–1971) was … brilliant research scientist. At … school, she had to take lessons at … boys' school because girls couldn't do … science at her school. She developed … X-ray method to measure … distance between diamond atoms and applied her work to … medical problems.
Margaret Burbidge is … astronomer. She was … first woman director of … Royal Greenwich Observatory.