
- •Передмова
- •Text 2 Basic Characteristics
- •Text 4 What is Language?
- •1. Answer the questions using the list below.
- •2. Work in pairs. Do you think the following statements are true or false? Write (t) or (f) in the boxes.
- •3. Here are the answers to some questions. Work out the questions.
- •4. What do you think about the text?
- •6. Answer the questions on the text:
- •7. Make sentences using these words.
- •8. Give English equivalents. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Countries Where English Is Spoken
- •10. Translate into English.
- •11. Match the synonyms using your dictionary.
- •12. Translate into English.
- •15. Translate the words and word combinations into English.
- •16. Match the words in the left column with their explanations in the right column.
- •17. Here are the answers to some questions. Work out the questions:
- •18. Translate the sentences into English.
- •19. Render the text in English.
- •20. Render the text into English: моє ставлення до вивчення англійської мови
- •Unit 2 Our University Text 1
- •Text 2 Fire Service in Ukraine
- •1. Sort out these words and put them into the correct box:
- •2. Translate from Ukrainian into English:
- •3. Translate the words and word combinations into English.
- •7. Fill in the blanks
- •8. Translate the sentences into English.
- •9. Discuss the following questions together, then ask each other the questions. Speak about your friends who are your groupmates or faculty mates:
- •10. Render the text into English: Наша історія
- •Emergency management
- •1. Answer the questions on the text:
- •3. Define the part of speech from which each of words below was formed:
- •4. Read the text “Emergency management” and make an outline using the following key words:
- •5. A compound noun it formed from two nouns, or an adjective and a noun.
- •6. Fill the missing words from this list in the necessary form:
- •7 . Match the words in the left column with their explanations in the right column:
- •8. Fill the missing words from this list in the necessary form:
- •9. Read and translate the text Phases and professional activities
- •Preparedness
- •Recovery
- •17. Form adjectives from the following nouns or verbs and make up phrases with them. Follow the model:
- •21. Define the part of speech from which each of the words below was formed:
- •24. A compound adjective is formed from two different words and occasionally three. Combine the following words and form different compound adjectives:
- •About Emergency Management
- •30. Look thorough the text and give the words and expressions of the same root
- •31. State which part of speech the italicized words are and say how are they formed. Translate the words into Ukrainian.
- •32. Render the text into English: головні положення законодавства україни у сфері рятувальної справи
- •Disasters and Incidents
- •1. Ask questions using the fallowing words and word combinations:
- •2. Define the part of speech the italicized words are and say how they are formed. Translate the word combinations info Ukrainian.
- •3. Math the words in the left column with their explanations in the right column.
- •6. Match the words in the left column with their explanations in the right column:
- •7. Match the words in the left column with their explanations in the right column:
- •Mining tragedy at marcinelle
- •Safe from careless driving
- •9. Look at the words in bold in the extracts and try to explain them.
- •15. Match the beginnings with the endings and say whether they are parts of a story or a newspaper report, justifying your answers. Think of suitable headings for the news reports.
- •16. Fill in the correct preposition.
- •19. Look at the picture
- •Ice-skater didn't follow
- •20. Look at the picture, read the text and then
- •21. For questions 1-15, read the text below and fill in the gaps with one word. The first has been done as an example.
- •23. Cross out the unnecessary words, or put a tick (ö) next to the correct lines as in the example.
- •24.Complete the following text with the correct words derived from the words in bold. The first one has been done as an example.
- •25. Read the following text about fallout and match the headlines given in the box to the appropriate paragraph.
- •26. Answer the questions
- •27. Read the following headlines and guess what type of accident or disaster they describe. Say what may have happened in each incident.
- •28. Check your knowledge of the active vocabulary. Match the following English words and expressions to their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •29. Correct the following statements.
- •30. Match the words in the left column with their explanation in the right column:
- •31. Match the words in the left column with their explanations in theright column
- •32. Render the texts in English.
- •1. Answer the questions on the text:
- •3. Define the part of speech from which each of words below was formed:
- •4. Read the text “Disaster Psychology” and make an outline using the following key words:
- •5. Fill the missing words from this list in the necessary form:
- •6. Read and translate the text
- •7. Read questions and discuss given answers. Propose your own answers.
- •8. Look at these recommendations for psychologists and try to explain this division. Do you agree with it?
- •10. Render the text into English: Психічна поведінка людини у надзвичайній ситуації
- •Unit 6 the growth of psychology
- •1. Answer the questions on the text:
- •2. Translate and memorize the following words from the text and their derivatives. Single out noun verb adverb adjective forming suffixes.
- •3. Fill in each sentence with the suitable word from the vocabulary list in the necessary form:
- •4. Match the words in the left column with their explanations in the right column.
- •5. Complete the following sentences:
- •6. Match the names of specialists with the corresponding activities:
- •7. Form adjectives from the following verbs or nouns and make up phrases with them. Follow the model:
- •8. Put the words into their correct spaces in the text:
- •Scope of Psychology
- •9. Arrange the following words into pairs of synonyms.
- •10. Translate the sentences into English:
- •11. Read and translate the text:
- •12. Pick out the words from the text which may be grouped under the heading “Psychology. General Notions”.
- •13. Explain the headline of the text.
- •14. Choose the right answer:
- •15. Role-play:
- •16. Render the text into English:
- •17. Take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific problem solving exercise.
- •From the history of psychology
- •18. Read the article quickly and give a short summary of it: The Historical Background of Psychology
- •Unit 7 senses and perception
- •1. Answer the questions on the text:
- •2. Fill in each sentence with the suitable word from the vocabulary list in the necessary form:
- •3. Translate and memorize the following words from the text and their derivatives. Single out noun, verb, adjective, adverb forming suffixes:
- •4. Complete the sentences with the derivatives of the suggested words from the right column:
- •5. Substitute the definitions for the words belonging to the group “Senses and Sensation”:
- •6. Arrange the following sentences into pairs of synonyms.
- •7. Confirm or deny the statements. Make use of the following phrases:
- •8. Fill in the correct word derived from the words in bold. Find some more facts about perception.
- •9. Arrange the following words into pairs of antonyms:
- •10. Translate the sentences into English:
- •11. Read and translate the text: Taste and Smell Lessen with Age
- •12. Pick out the words from the text, which may be grouped under the heading "Senses".
- •21. Take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific problem solving exercise.
- •From the history of psychology
- •22. Read the article quickly and give a short summary of it:
- •Consciousness
- •List of Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the questions on the text:
- •2. Fill in each sentence with the suitable word from the vocabulary list in the necessary form:
- •3. Substitute the definitions for the words taken from the text:
- •4. Learn the difference between two similar words and their derivatives:
- •10. Read and translate the text: a Good Night's Sleep — an Impossible Dream?
- •11. Pick out the words in the text, which may be grouped under the heading "Sleep".
- •19. Describe:
- •20. A role-play:
- •21. Render the text into English буття і свідомість
- •22. Take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific problem solving exercise.
- •From the history of psychology
- •23. Read the article quickly and give a short summary of it:
- •Unit 9 memory
- •2. Fill in the blank with the vocabulary word that best fits the meaning of each sentence:
- •3. Confirm or deny the statements. Make use of the following phrases:
- •4. Substitute the definitions for the words taken from the text:
- •5. Search the text for the derivatives of the following nouns and verbs. Use them in word combinations:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •7. Read and translate the text: Kinds of Memory
- •8. Pick out the words from the text, which may be grouped under the heading "Memory".
- •18. Render the text into English: пам'ять
- •19. Take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific problem solving exercise.
- •From the history of psychology
- •20. Read the article quickly and give a short summary of it:
- •Cognition and language
- •2. Fill in the blank with the vocabulary word that best suits the meaning of each sentence:
- •3. Substitute the definitions for the words taken from the text:
- •4. Search the text for the antonyms of the following words. Make up sentences with them:
- •5. Confirm or deny the statements. Make use of the following phrases:
- •6. Translate into English:
- •7. Read out "a Cognition Scale" developed on the basis of a cognitive personality theory and define your place in this scale:
- •8. Suggest your own ideas concerning the above given statements?
- •9. Read the text and explain why fathers smile less than mothers: Translating the Smile
- •10. Read the text again and choose the information on:
- •14. Answer the following questions:
- •20. Take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific problem solving exercise.
- •From the history of psychology
- •21. Read the article quickly and give a short summary of it:
- •Emotions and stress
- •1. Answer the questions on the text:
- •2. Fill in the blank with the vocabulary word that best fits the meaning of each sentence:
- •3. Confirm or deny the following statements. Make use of the following phrases:
- •4. Substitute the definitions for the words taken from the text:
- •5. Search the text for the pairs of antonyms, like:
- •6. Pick up the names of the emotions used in the text. Write them down into two columns choosing the opposite emotion to the given one:
- •7. Pick up all compound words from the text, translate, learn them and make up your own sentences. Follow the model:
- •8. Translate the sentences into English:
- •9. Read and translate the text:
- •10. Answer the following questions:
- •23. Read and translate the text: Ways to Control Stress and Make It Work for You
- •24. Answer the following questions:
- •29. Take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific problem solving exercise.
- •From the history of psychology
- •30. Read the article quickly and give a short summary of it:
- •Behaviour and motives
- •1. Answer the questions on the text:
- •2. Fill in the blank with the vocabulary word that best fits the meaning of each sentence:
- •3. Confirm or deny the following statements. Make use of the following phrases:
- •4. Substitute the definitions for the words taken from the text:
- •5. Search the text for the derivatives of the following nouns and verbs. Use them in word combinations:
- •6. Fill in the gaps in the following text with articles wherever necessary
- •7. Translate the sentences into English:
- •8. Read and translate the text: Why Do People Work?
- •9. Answer the following questions:
- •10. Find the fact in the text to prove that:
- •15. Take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific problem solving exercise.
- •From the history of psychology
- •16. Read the article quickly and give a short summary of it:
- •Unit 13 personality and social development
- •List of Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the questions on the text:
- •2. Fill in each blank with the vocabulary word that best fits the meaning of each sentence:
- •3. Confirm or deny the following statements. Make use of the following phrases:
- •4. Substitute the definitions for the words taken from the text:
- •5. Complete the following sentences:
- •6. Translate the sentences into English:
- •7. Responsible, quick-tempered and generous are adjectives which describe people's character. Can you think of any more adjectives? Read the text and explain the words in bold as in the example:
- •Read my Lips
- •8. Read the text and underline the correct adjective as in the example.
- •10. Read the article again and answer the questions.
- •11. Match the words to their opposites
- •12. Fill in the correct word derived from the words in bold
- •13. Here's a list of adjectives describing qualities certain professions need. Read the sentences and fill in the correct adjective:
- •14. Render the text into English: темперамент і характер
- •15. Take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific problem solving exercise.
- •From the history of psychology
- •16. Read the article quickly and give a short summary of it:
- •Unit 14 psychological disorders
- •1. Answer the questions on the text:
- •2. Fill in the blank with the vocabulary word that best fits the meaning of each sentence:
- •3. Confirm or deny the following statements. Make use of the following phrases:
- •4. Substitute the words taken from the text for the definitions:
- •5. Search the text for the derivatives of the following words. Give other derivatives you know. Follow the model:
- •6. Translate the sentences into English:
- •7. Read and translate the text. Fear of Living
- •8. Answer the following questions:
- •9. Complete the following sentences:
- •10. Give statistical data enumerated in the article.
- •21. Take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific problem solving exercise.
- •22. Read the article quickly and give a short summary of it:
- •Texts for supplementary reading
- •Why Family Rows are Good for you
- •The Functions of the Family
- •The Mystery of Sleep
- •Nonverbal Behavior
- •Put pleasure in your life
- •You Just Don't Understand
- •Stress Control
- •The Language of the Body
- •Suicide Today
32. Render the texts in English.
Будьте вкрай обережні на воді!
За вікном літо. Все більше хочеться покинути квартиру й відправитися на природу, здебільшого до лісу або річки. Тому на часі говорити про воду, а точніше про правила поводження людей на водоймах, аби відпочинок приносив радість. Усім відомо, що вода чудодійний засіб оздоровлення організму. Купання дає людині фізичне та моральне задоволення, допомагає позбутися стресів. Але, на жаль, для декого відпочинок біля води закінчується трагедією. Як уникнути трагедії на воді
Радіаційна небезпека
Факторами небезпеки радіації є: забруднення навколишнього середовища, небезпека для всього живого, що опинилося на забрудненій місцевості (загибель людей, тварин, знищення посівів та ін.), внаслідок радіаційної аварії. Дії у випадку загрози виникнення радіаційної небезпеки: При оголошенні небезпечного стану не панікуйте, слухайте повідомлення
Повінь, паводок
Фактори небезпеки повеней та паводків: руйнування будинків та будівель, мостів; розмив залізничних та автомобільних шляхів; аварій на інженерних мережах; знищення посівів; жертви серед населення та загибель тварин. Внаслідок повені, паводку починається просідання будинків та землі, виникають зсуви та обвали
Пожежа
Щорічно внаслідок пожеж гине та страждає значна кількість людей. В дим та попіл перетворюються цінності на мільярди гривень. Якщо виникла пожежа - рахунок часу йде на секунди
Сель, лавина
Сель характеризується значною руйнівною силою грунту, що насувається, виникає раптово, рухається зі швидкістю понад 10 м/с, може сягати понад 15 метрів заввишки. Лавина характеризується швидким, раптовим рухом снігу та (або) льоду вниз стрімкими схилами гір
Тонкий лід
Запам`ятайте! Лід може підвести нас восени, взимку і навесні. Ці заходи дозволять вам знизити ризик від небезпеки на льоду. Заходи безпеки на льоду: Знайдіть для початку стежку або сліди на льоду. Якщо їх немає, позначте з берега маршрут свого руху
Землетрус
Фактори небезпеки землетрусів: руйнування будівельних конструкцій будинків та споруд; руйнування на потенційно небезпечних об`єктах, нафто- та газопроводах; утворення завалів; руйнування систем життєзабезпечення та розлами земної кори. Додатковою небезпекою є повторні поштовхи
Хімічна небезпека
Аварії (катастрофи) на підприємствах, транспорті та продуктопроводах можуть супроводжуватися викидом (виливом) в атмосферу і на прилеглу територію небезпечних хімічних речовин (НХР), таких як хлор, аміак, синильна кислота, фосген, сірчаний ангідрид та інші. Це являє серйозну небезпеку для населення, заражене повітря уражає органи дихання, а також очі, шкіру та інші органи
UNIT 5
Disaster Psychology
When disaster strikes, physical assistance may be not only part of what survivors need. Psychological First Aid for disaster-induced stress and trauma may also be required. Severe cases will require the assistance of a mental health professional. For many, however, the best medicine you can provide may be a sympathetic ear.
Disaster-induced stress and trauma are “normal” reactions to an “abnormal” situation.
Disaster survivors normally experience a range of psychological and physiological reactions. Survivors’ reactions may become more intense as the amount of disruption to their lives increases. Strength and type of reaction varies with each person and depends upon several factors:
• Prior experience with the same or a similar event
• The intensity of the disruption
• The emotional strength of the individual
• Individual feelings that there is no escape, which sets the stage for panic
• The length of time that has elapsed since the event occurred
Survivors may go through distinct emotional phases following a disaster:
• In the impact phase, survivors do not panic and may, in fact, show no emotion. They do what they must to respond to the situation and keep themselves and their families alive.
• In the inventory phase, which immediately follows the event, survivors assess damage and try to locate other survivors. During this phase, routine social ties tend to be discarded in favor of the more functional relationships required for initial response activities such as searching out family members and seeking medical assistance.
• In the rescue phase, emergency services personnel are responding and survivors take direction from these groups without protest. They trust that rescuers will address their needs and that they can then put their lives back together quickly.
• In the recovery phase, survivors may believe that rescue efforts are not proceeding quickly enough. That feeling, combined with other emotional stressors (e.g., dealing with insurance adjusters and living in temporary accommodations), may cause survivors to pull together against those who are trying to help them.
Pre-empt some of the symptoms by taking good care of yourself!
• Try to rest a bit more.
• Eat well-balanced and regular meals (even when you don’t feel like it).
• Try to keep a reasonable level of activity - physical activity is often helpful.
• Reestablish a normal schedule as soon as possible. Fight against boredom.
• If you are alone, have someone stay with you for at least a few hours or periods of a day.
• Recurring thoughts, dreams, or flashbacks are normal - don’t try to fight them. They’ll decrease over time and become less painful.
Preparedness
Post-event psychological and physiological symptoms:
The intensity, timing, and duration of these responses will vary from person to person. They may be: acute or mild, immediate and/or delayed, cumulative in intensity.
Psychological Symptoms:
• Irritability or anger
• Self-blame, blaming others
• Isolation, withdrawal
• Fear of recurrence
• Feeling stunned, numb, or overwhelmed
• Feeling helpless
• Concentration and memory problems
• Sadness, depression, grief
• Denial
• Mood swings
Physiological Symptoms:
• Loss of appetite
• Headaches, chest pain
• Diarrhea, stomach pain, nausea
• Increase in alcohol or drug consumption
• Hyperactivity
• Nightmares
• Inability to sleep
• Fatigue, low energy
If the symptoms described above are severe or if they last longer than six weeks, the traumatized person may need professional counseling.
Emotional First Aid for Survivors:
Using these techniques will provide the survivor the initial comfort and support he/she needs in taking the first step toward recovery.
• Establish Rapport. Talk to the person. Encourage him or her to talk about his/her feelings as well as their physical needs.
• Listen. If the person has something to say, take the time to listen.
• Empathize. Show through your response that you understand the person’s concerns or worries and that such feelings are to be expected.
• Provide Confidentiality. Respect the person’s confidence. Don’t repeat personal information to other people.
• Some of the following may also help to alleviate the emotional pain of a traumatic event:
• Spend time with the traumatized person.
• Reassure them that they are safe.
• Offer your assistance even if they have not asked for help.
• Don’t take their anger or other feelings personally.
• Don’t tell them that they are “lucky it wasn’t worse” - they won’t be consoled by this.
Instead, tell them that you are sorry such an event has occurred and you want to understand and assist them.
“Humanizing” the disaster response:
In the aftermath of a disaster, rescue operations can be more responsive to both the survivors’ and rescuers’ psychological needs if their feelings are recognized. Psychologists encourage open, honest expression of emotions as a self-protection mechanism. To avoid “emotional overload,” survivors and rescuers should be allowed to express their feelings openly, as long as doing so does not interfere with the rescue. Listen, but try not to take ownership of others’ feelings.
List of Vocabulary
acute – різкий, критичний
alleviate – полегшити
assess – оцінювати
boredom – сум, тоскність
chest pain – біль у грудях
denial – відмова, заперечення
disaster-induced – спричинений катастрофою
discarde – відкидати, відмовлятися
event – подія
fatigue – стомленість, втома, апатія
feeling stunned – шоковий стан
grief – печаль, горе
headaches – головний біль
irritability – дратівливість, збудженість
mood swings – перепади настрію
nausea – нудота
numb –оніміння, оціпенілість
overload – перенавантаження
overwhelmed – вражений
physical assistance – фізична допомога
pre-empt – попереджувати, заміняти
rapport – взаємозв’язок, взаєморозуміння
recurrence – повтор, повернення
sadness – сум, сумний настрій
survivors – ті, хто вижили (пережили, наприклад, катастрофу)
sympathetic ear – вислуховування повне співчуття і розуміння
timing – час, вибір часу, залежність від часу
withdrawal – відмова