5. Substitute the definitions for the words belonging to the group “Senses and Sensation”:

1. A direct feeling, such as of heat or pain, coming from one of the five natural senses.

2. The sensation that is produced when a particular food or drink is put in the mouth and that makes it different from others by its sweetness, bitterness etc.

3. An organism's awareness of, or response to, objects and events in the environment brought about by stimulation of its sense organs.

4. The sense of smell.

5. Something that causes activity.

6. The system in people and animals which receives and passes on feelings, messages, and other such information from inside and outside the body.

6. Arrange the following sentences into pairs of synonyms.

eliminate	empty
impinge	imitate
adaptable	confine
structure	conclusion
inference	collide
lacking	feeling
sensation	admire
restrict	organization
reflect	flexible
appreciate	broadcast
transmit	delete

7. Confirm or deny the statements. Make use of the following phrases:

That’s it! Precisely. Very true. I fully (quite) agree with you. I’m afraid not. You are not quite right, I’m sorry to say it. Far from it.

1. We get in touch with the external world through our senses.

2. Human beings have five senses.

3. Skin can be called the most important organ of our body.

4. By mixing and blending four primary tastes in various combinations one can compose a huge range of taste sensations.

5. Sensation is an essential process, and perception — an optional one.

6. Skin deposits the impulses of all sense receptors.

8. Fill in the correct word derived from the words in bold. Find some more facts about perception.

Perception

In contemporary psychology, perception is commonly 1)… ( treat ) as intervening variable dependent upon stimulus factors, learning, sets, moods, and 2)… ( emotion ) and motivational factors.

Thus, the meaning of an object or objective event is 3)… ( determine ) both by stimulus conditions and by organism factors. For this reason, perception of the world by 4) (difference) … persons is different, since each 5) (individuality)… perceives in terms of those aspects of the situation which have special significance for him. In the decade 6) … (follow) World War II, research emphasis in perception was on 7) … (discovery) the relationships between perception and the various O factors which influence the process. More 8) … (recent), perceptual research has been heavily influenced by information processing 9)… (theoretical) with the result that the perceptual processes are conceptualized in terms of input-processing –output systems. The perceptual process begins with attention, which is the process of 10) … (select) observing. The important stimulus factors are interests and learned habits of attention perception, which is the second stage in 12) … (observe) our world, involves understanding and knowing objects and events. Perception, organized in figure and ground. Figures are 13) … (character) by good shape, definite contour, and clarity in attention. The ground is fuzzy, not well contoured and poorly localized. Perceptions may also be 14)…(organization) by such stimulus factors as similarity and proximity of stimuli, and 15)…(continue) of lines .Highly important in perception are 16)…( Perception) constancies which refer to the tendency to see objects as invariable, regardless of wide variations in viewing conditions. The 17)… (importance) constancies are color, size, shape, and brightness constancy. Illusions 18)…(except) to the constancies and consist of distorted perceptions which occur for a number of reasons, including complex stimulus patterns and sets from past experience.