4KTJ5[1]

Interesting facts

University professors often give good-looking girls better marks in exams; male students tend to or overestimate the intellectual qualities of pretty female students.

In court cases attractive people get lighter sentences, unless they made conscious rise of their beauty to get their own ends, in which case they might be more severely punished.

Attractive people are seen by others as having a better personality, higher status, more likelihood of getting married, and being happier.

Beautiful girls rarely become scientists; they tend to choose subjects such as languages, law and medicine.

Women who have beautiful bodies often have less selfconfidence they worry too much about keeping their body perfect.

Short men are less likely to get jobs than tall men and they receive e lower starting salaries. In US presidential elections, the taller candidate nearly always wins. There may even be a connection between height and intelligence, as it seems that the same genes are involved in both aspects.

9. Appearances Make-up:

Answer the questions in groups and then decide whether make –up actually improves the way we look.

Why do people wear make-up? How do you feel with and without make-up on? How much time do you spend on making yourself up, or on your appearance in general?

Do you think you look better with a sun tan? What are the dangers?

Why don’t men usually wear make-up? If it were socially acceptable would more men wear it?

Do you wear perfume or after-shave? Why?

Read some facts about the history of make-up. Put the pieces of history in chronological order, matching them to the illustrations

Make –up was then used to hide the ravages caused by smallpox, and men took to covering their

111

faces with rouge and their heads with masses of false hair. After the French Revolution ,a natural look became fashionable and under Queen Victoria, women who used rouge were considered immoral.

2.This century has of course seen an unprecedented rise in all forms of cosmetics ,including surgery to remove various blemishes and scars ,or purely for vanity. It’s interesting that the use of make-up has to some extend turned full circle: young people today often use make-up for some kind of magical effect ,and tattoos too are very popular.

3.It seems strange to us now but women in the Middle Ages ,well at least in Europe, actually tried to make their skin look even whiter. They did this with flour powder, but anyway they can’t have been very dark in the first place: what was their poor diet and the gloomy castle surroundings, they must have ended up looking like an oval, white egg. Later on French women began to paint their faces white ,and their faces white , and their lips and cheeks red.

4.Originally in the very primitive tribes only men painted themselves. They lived in terror of evil demons which might harm them when they went out to hunt .They painted grotesque designs on their faces as a disguise, so that the evil demons wouldn’t recognize them. Women, who stayed inside the protection of the village, needed no paint of course.

5.Cleopatra was supposed to have painted her brows and lashes black, top lids deep blue and lower lids

bright green: she must have looked quite something. It seems incredible but many cosmetics sold today

to restore youthful beauty originated from the Egyptian habit of mummifying the dead.

11. Keeping up appearances

What wouldn’t/ shouldn’t you do in a street? Would you do more of these things in

12. a) Make up topics on the theme.

b) Make dialogues using the topical vocabulary and conversational phrases of the lesson.

13. Describing character

A Find six adjectives for describing character in the grid. Then match the words with the definitions.

112

5

so excited / stressed. My best friend is coming and we haven’t seen each other for years.

6

I’m very homesick / upset. She just suddenly started shouting at me.

B Complete the sentences with the other words from A.

1. I feel…………………………. . . I’m very busy at work and I’m studying for an exam in my spare time. I just don’t have any time to relax.

2 I feel so …………………………… . She really needs my help, but there’s nothing I can do.

3 I’m a little ……………………………… . I haven’t seen my friends and family for such a long time.

4 I’m so ……………………………….. you’re here. I was beginning to think you’d had an accident. 5 I’m really …………………………… . We’ve had to cancel our skiing holiday because Johns broken his leg.

6 I’m not …………………………….. with the repair work they’ve done in my house. It’s just not good enough.

14 Describing character

A Put the words in the box into the correct group.

bad qualities: good qualities: .

B Match the sentences on the left with the replies on the right. Write the letters in the box below.

1 She wants to give me some money as a gift. 2 She just walked straight past without even saying hello.

3 She always says please and thank you.

4 She hates waiting for anything. She wants everything to be done right now.

5 She’s very good with the children. I never worry about them when sheds there. 6 I really like Rich’s new girlfriend.

7 She only thinks about herself.

8 She never gets angry, even when he has to explain things to them again and again.

114

9 She’s always telling jokes and playing tricks on people.

10 He asked if he could use her car to get to the hospital, but she just said no.

a Oh, she’s so rude. b I know she’s very sensible, isn’t she?

c I know, she’s so selfish, isn’t she? d Yes, she’s a very polite girl.

e Yes, she seems lovely, doesn’t she? f I know she’s so impatient, isn’t she? g Oh, she’s so mean.

h I think she’s too silly sometimes, don’t you? i Yes, she’s really patient, isn’t she?

j She’s always so generous, isn’t she?

15 Describing appearance

A Find twelve adjectives for describing appearance in the grid. Then complete the words in the list below.

B Complete what the people are saying with the words from A.

1 Jane’s new boyfriend looks like a model. He’s very ____________________

2 If you’re going for an interview, you’d better make sure you look

_______________

3 I’m a bit __________________ . I need to go on a diet.

4 I’m _________________, ,so I try to keep out of the sun completely.

5 Oh look! She’s so ________________________ . How many months old is she? 6 She isn’t beautiful, but she isn’t ugly either. She’s just

___________________________________________________ .

115

7 You still have to be careful in the sun even if you’re ______________________ . 8 He looks really ________________________ in his designer clothes.

9 I always look so ______________________ . I really need to buy some new clothes.

10 Penny’s got a lovely face and beautiful hair. She’s very ____________________

.

11 I want to be ____________________, but I just don’t seem to be able to lose weight.

12 I’m so short. I could never look __________________________.

B Complete the sentences with the other words from A.

I have no job, no money and I can’t sleep at night I feel so miserable. People think I’m ___________ because she’s got a boyfriend and I haven’t. I feel _______________ about not visiting my grandmother in hospital.

I’m not ________________ they’re getting married they’ve known each other a long time.

I’m __________________ about you walking home on your own at night. And then I just started to cry in front of everyone I felt so _____________.

116

Unit 8

Grammar: The Future Indefinite Tense. The Future Continuous Tense.

To be able, to have in the Future Indefinite Tense. Adverbial Clauses of Time and Condition.

Texts: 1. My weekend. 2. My hobby. 3. Conversation

STUDY THE FOLLOWING

Table 1

THE FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

Table 3

THE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

117

Table 4

TO BE ABLE IN THE FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

Table 5

TO HAVE+INFINITIVE IN THE FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE

Table 6

ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME AND CONDITION

118

Grammar exercises

I. Study Substitution Tables No. 1-7 and compose as many sentences as you can.

II.Change each of these sentences using the Future Continuous:

1.They were playing tennis at 10.30. 2. When Tom arrived, we were having dinner. 3. When we went to see them, they were playing chess. 4. My sister was listening to the music when I went to bed. 5. Was she cooking the dinner at 6 o’clock? 6. My grandfather was working in the garden in the morning. 7. Was Ann having breakfast at 9 o’clock?

III. Write questions to the parts of the sentences in bold type:

1. I shall bring that book back this afternoon. 2. I shall phone you as soon as I arrive. 3. It was raining when I got up this morning. 4. My brother will stay in Moscow for three months. 5. I shall be able to go the cinema after the lesson. 6. By May he will have been living abroad for six years. 7. We will see Nicky at the club tonight. 8. I shall be having lunch with Sam tomorrow as usual. 9. They will have made a decision by Friday. 10. You will be able to come to my party this weekend.

IV. Use the correct form of the verb in the adverbial clauses of time and condition:

1. I’ll cook dinner after I (to tidy) the house. 2. I’ll give you a ring when I (to reach) London. 3. Don’t worry if I (to be) a little late. 4. We will wait for you until it (to get) dark. 5. I shan’t have dinner before mother (to come) home. 6. When you (to return) home, you’ll notice a lot of changes. 7. When the rain (to stop), we’ll go out. 8. Before you (to leave), you must visit the museum. 9. Wait here until I (to come) back. 10. If he (not to come) soon, I’m not going to wait. 11. When I (to see) Tom tomorrow, I’ll invite him to our party. 12. We won’t start dinner until Jack arrives.

V. Use the following sentences in indirect speech. Make other necessary changes:

1. Jane says: “I will invite more people if I have a bigger flat. 2. “I will not repeat this again” he says to us. 3. “If I finish it this evening, we’ll go out” he says to her. 4. He says: “I’ll help you to repair your car tomorrow”. 5. She says: “I will call you back”. 6. John says: “I’ll phone you at seven o’clock tonight”. 7. Mary says: “I’ll never forget your birthday again”. 8. “I shall show you my new dress,” she says.

119

TEXT 1

MY WEEKEND

I have always been wondering what it means, “the day off”. If we can do what we really want to do only once a week and fail to find any time for our hobbies during the other six days of the week, it means there is something wrong with time planning. We often repeat proverbs like “The busiest men find the most time” but it is still difficult to find a minute to spare on week days. It seems to me that if we really value our time, we can always find at least half an hour a day for our favourite occupations. Unfortunately, I am unable to do this myself, and Saturdays and Sundays are my favourite days of the week because these are the days of relaxation when I can do all pleasant things I have dreamt about during the week.

During the weekend I can enjoy myself and do whatever I like, but from Monday till Saturday I have almost no spare time. As I am a school-leaver, my days off are Saturday and Sunday. I always look forward to my weekend. I cannot say that I am a heavy sleeper but as I get very tired during the week I let myself sleep a little longer on my weekend. I usually get up at about ten o’clock and go to the bathroom where I have a shower, clean my teeth and brush my hair.

Then I go to the kitchen and help my mother lay the table. On Sundays my parents sleep a bit longer too, that is why we have neither breakfast nor lunch but brunch. All of us like porridge and fried eggs for breakfast, but I prefer apple juice and my parents – coffee with milk.

After brunch my father washes up and my mother and I do the flat. As a rule it takes us about an hour and a half as we have only two rooms. We do not need to go shopping on Sunday as my mother does it on Saturday. So after twelve o’clock I am free to do whatever I like.

People spend their days off in different ways. Some of them prefer to stay at home and read a book or visit and art exhibition, a museum or a sport event. In the evening, as a rule, they go to a theatre or to see their friends. Other people prefer to spend their days off out of town.

As for me I also like to spend my days off in the country. I go in for sports, that is why on Sunday I go to the tennis court and play tennis for about two hours. I have been playing tennis since my 8th form and I can say that it helps me relax and feel well during the whole week. On my way home I usually drop in at the confectionery and buy a cherry cake because we are used to having something tasty for dinner.

Sunday is the only day when we have dinner together. That is one of the reasons why I like Sundays.

All of us like nature and are fond of walking. After dinner we are used to going to the park which is near our house. It is very pleasant to walk there. We enjoy the fresh air and the beautiful scenery around us. While walking we usually discuss the books we have read, the films we have watched recently and ask each other a lot of questions about our life, work and studies.

After coming home we either watch TV or play different games, chess, for example. At eight o’clock we have light supper, usually some vegetables. My

120