- •Міністерство освіти і науки України
- •Contents
- •The Future-In-The-Past Tense……………………………………………………………..45 the present indefinite (simple) tense
- •I. The formation of the Present Indefinite.
- •1. The Present Indefinite is formed from the infinitive without the particle to.
- •3. The contracted negative forms are:
- •4. To denote actions and states continuing at the moment of speaking (with stative and relational verbs).
- •11. To denote future actions in adverbial clauses of concession after conjunctions
- •12. To denote past actions in newspapers headlines.
- •3. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Indications of time are not necessary.
- •VII. Verbs denoting effect or influence: astonish, impress, please, satisfy, surprise. Feel, look, smell and taste used in the continuous forms
- •2. Look
- •3. Smell
- •4.Taste
- •See and hear used in the continuous forms
- •Think, assume and expect used in the continuous forms
- •The past indefinite (simple) tense
- •I. The formation of the Past Indefinite.
- •Verbs ending in -e add -d only:
- •3. The contracted negative forms are:
- •If the period is over or reference is made to a particular past point of time within that
- •8. To express a future action viewed from the past. This use is found in reported speech and
- •4. The contracted negative forms are:
- •5. The negative- interrogative forms are:
- •II. The use of the Past Continuous.
- •1. It serves to express an action which is going on at a given moment in the past.
- •2. The Past Continuous is used to express an action going on at a given period of time in the past.
- •The future indefinite (simple) tense
- •I. The formation of the Future Indefinite Tense
- •1. The Future Indefinite is formed by means of the auxiliary verbs shall/will
- •II. The conracted negative forms are:
- •3. To denote future habitual actions which we assume will take place.
- •3. The contracted negative forms are:
- •4. The negative-interrogative forms are:
- •II. The use of the Future Continuous.
- •1. The Future Continuous is used to denote an action which will be going on at a definite moment in the future.
- •2. The Future Continuous is very often used in modern English in the same meaning as the Future Indefinite, I. E. To denote a future action.
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •The present perfect continuous tense
- •I. The formation of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Had he not worked?
- •Hadn’t you worked?
- •III. The use of the Past Perfect
- •The Squire was purple with anger before his son had done speaking.
- •In negative sentences:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •1. The past moment from which the action expressed by the Past Perfect Continuous is viewed may be indicated:
- •The future perfect tense
- •I. The formation of thePerfect Continuous Tense
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Will he not have worked?
- •Shan’t we have worked?
- •III. The use of the Future Perfect
- •The future perfect continuous tense
- •I. The formation of the Future Perfect Continuous Tense
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Appendix
- •I. Some spelling rules
- •I. Doubling the final consonant.
- •II. Mute Final e.
- •III. Final -y and Its Modifications.
4. To denote actions and states continuing at the moment of speaking (with stative and relational verbs).
He wants to see you at the moment.
Who does the car belong to?
I do not understand you at all.
5. to express an instantaneous action which takes place at the moment of speaking but it is not viewed in its progress. The speaker just names the occurrence itself, the actions as such.
You leave me no choice.
I swear it to you.
I refuse to listen to you .You talk such nonsense.
6. to express declarations, announcements, etc. referring to the moment of speaking.
I declare the meeting open.
I agree to your proposal.
7. to express a succession of point actions taking place at the moment of speaking (in the outlines of novels, plays, stage directions, films, demonstrations, etc. It is often used by radio commentators at sports events).
Now I peel the apples, slice them and put them into the dish. (demonstration )
When the curtain rises, Juliet is writing at her desk. Suddenly the window opens and
a masked man enters. (the action of the play)
Now watch me closely: I take a match, light it, put it into the glass and … oh,
nothing happens!
8. to denote future actions. Mostly with verbs of motion ( to go, to come, to start, to leave, to return, to arrive, to sail, etc.) usually if the actions denote a settled plan and the future time is indicated:
I go to Moscow next. She leaves for England in two months
9. to denote future actions in adverbial clauses of time after conjunctions when
till (until)
as soon as
as long as
before
after
while
once
She won’t go to bed till you come.
As soon as he earns any money he spends it.
10. to denote future actions in adverbial clauses of condition after conjunctions if
unless
in case
on condition that
provided
providing
But I must have the doctor handy, in case she feels worse.
Unless you take the brake off the car won’t move.