- •Міністерство освіти і науки України
- •Contents
- •The Future-In-The-Past Tense……………………………………………………………..45 the present indefinite (simple) tense
- •I. The formation of the Present Indefinite.
- •1. The Present Indefinite is formed from the infinitive without the particle to.
- •3. The contracted negative forms are:
- •4. To denote actions and states continuing at the moment of speaking (with stative and relational verbs).
- •11. To denote future actions in adverbial clauses of concession after conjunctions
- •12. To denote past actions in newspapers headlines.
- •3. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Indications of time are not necessary.
- •VII. Verbs denoting effect or influence: astonish, impress, please, satisfy, surprise. Feel, look, smell and taste used in the continuous forms
- •2. Look
- •3. Smell
- •4.Taste
- •See and hear used in the continuous forms
- •Think, assume and expect used in the continuous forms
- •The past indefinite (simple) tense
- •I. The formation of the Past Indefinite.
- •Verbs ending in -e add -d only:
- •3. The contracted negative forms are:
- •If the period is over or reference is made to a particular past point of time within that
- •8. To express a future action viewed from the past. This use is found in reported speech and
- •4. The contracted negative forms are:
- •5. The negative- interrogative forms are:
- •II. The use of the Past Continuous.
- •1. It serves to express an action which is going on at a given moment in the past.
- •2. The Past Continuous is used to express an action going on at a given period of time in the past.
- •The future indefinite (simple) tense
- •I. The formation of the Future Indefinite Tense
- •1. The Future Indefinite is formed by means of the auxiliary verbs shall/will
- •II. The conracted negative forms are:
- •3. To denote future habitual actions which we assume will take place.
- •3. The contracted negative forms are:
- •4. The negative-interrogative forms are:
- •II. The use of the Future Continuous.
- •1. The Future Continuous is used to denote an action which will be going on at a definite moment in the future.
- •2. The Future Continuous is very often used in modern English in the same meaning as the Future Indefinite, I. E. To denote a future action.
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •The present perfect continuous tense
- •I. The formation of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Had he not worked?
- •Hadn’t you worked?
- •III. The use of the Past Perfect
- •The Squire was purple with anger before his son had done speaking.
- •In negative sentences:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •1. The past moment from which the action expressed by the Past Perfect Continuous is viewed may be indicated:
- •The future perfect tense
- •I. The formation of thePerfect Continuous Tense
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Will he not have worked?
- •Shan’t we have worked?
- •III. The use of the Future Perfect
- •The future perfect continuous tense
- •I. The formation of the Future Perfect Continuous Tense
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Appendix
- •I. Some spelling rules
- •I. Doubling the final consonant.
- •II. Mute Final e.
- •III. Final -y and Its Modifications.
The future perfect continuous tense
I. The formation of the Future Perfect Continuous Tense
The Future Perfect Continuous is formed by means of the Future Perfect of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle I of the notional verb.
In the interrogative form the first auxiliary verb is placed before the subject.
In the negative form the negative particle not is placed after the first auxiliary verb.
|
Affirmative |
Negative | |
|
I shall have been working |
I shall have not been working | |
|
You will have been working |
You will have not been working | |
|
He/she/it will have been working |
He/she/it will have not been working | |
|
We shall have been working |
We will have not been working | |
|
They will have been working |
They will have not been working | |
|
Interrogative |
| |
|
Shall I have been working? |
| |
|
Will you have been working? |
| |
|
Will he/she/it have been working? |
| |
|
Shall we have been working? |
| |
|
Will they have been working? |
| |
II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
I’ll have been working
We’ll have been working
The contracted negative forms are:
I shan’t have been working
He won’t have been working
The negative-interrogative forms are:
Will he not have been working?
Won’t he have been working?
Shall we not have been working?
Shan’t we have been working?
III.The use of the Future Perfect Continuous
The Future Perfect Continuous denotes an action begun before a definite moment in the future and continued into that future moment;
I shall have been writing for two hours by the time you come back.
By the first of July he will have bee working at this office for six months.
THE FUTURE-IN-THE-PAST TENSE
The English language has a special form of the future, the Future-in-the-Past, to express a future action viewed from a past moment (sequence of tenses). If the verb in the principal clause is in one of the past tenses, a past tense (or Future-in-the-Past) must be used in the subordinate clause. If the action expressed in the principal clause is posterior to that of the principal clause the Future-in-the-Past is used.
THE FUTURE-INDEFINITE-IN-THE-PAST
I. The formation of the Future-Indefinite-in-the-Past
The Future-Indefinite-in-the-Past is formed by means of the auxiliary verbs should and would and the infinitive without to of the notional verb.
Should is used for the first person singular and plural.
Would is used for the second and the third person singular and plural.
In the interrogative form the auxiliary verb is placed before the subject.
In the negative form the negative particle not is placed after the auxiliary verb.
|
Affirmative |
Interrogative |
Negative |
|
I should work |
Should I work? |
I should not work |
|
You would work |
Would you work? |
You would not work |
|
He/she/it would work |
Would he/she/it work? |
He/she/it would not work |
|
We should work |
Should we work? |
We shouldn’t work |
|
They would work |
Would they work? |
They shouldn’t work |