- •Міністерство освіти і науки України
- •Contents
- •The Future-In-The-Past Tense……………………………………………………………..45 the present indefinite (simple) tense
- •I. The formation of the Present Indefinite.
- •1. The Present Indefinite is formed from the infinitive without the particle to.
- •3. The contracted negative forms are:
- •4. To denote actions and states continuing at the moment of speaking (with stative and relational verbs).
- •11. To denote future actions in adverbial clauses of concession after conjunctions
- •12. To denote past actions in newspapers headlines.
- •3. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Indications of time are not necessary.
- •VII. Verbs denoting effect or influence: astonish, impress, please, satisfy, surprise. Feel, look, smell and taste used in the continuous forms
- •2. Look
- •3. Smell
- •4.Taste
- •See and hear used in the continuous forms
- •Think, assume and expect used in the continuous forms
- •The past indefinite (simple) tense
- •I. The formation of the Past Indefinite.
- •Verbs ending in -e add -d only:
- •3. The contracted negative forms are:
- •If the period is over or reference is made to a particular past point of time within that
- •8. To express a future action viewed from the past. This use is found in reported speech and
- •4. The contracted negative forms are:
- •5. The negative- interrogative forms are:
- •II. The use of the Past Continuous.
- •1. It serves to express an action which is going on at a given moment in the past.
- •2. The Past Continuous is used to express an action going on at a given period of time in the past.
- •The future indefinite (simple) tense
- •I. The formation of the Future Indefinite Tense
- •1. The Future Indefinite is formed by means of the auxiliary verbs shall/will
- •II. The conracted negative forms are:
- •3. To denote future habitual actions which we assume will take place.
- •3. The contracted negative forms are:
- •4. The negative-interrogative forms are:
- •II. The use of the Future Continuous.
- •1. The Future Continuous is used to denote an action which will be going on at a definite moment in the future.
- •2. The Future Continuous is very often used in modern English in the same meaning as the Future Indefinite, I. E. To denote a future action.
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •The present perfect continuous tense
- •I. The formation of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Had he not worked?
- •Hadn’t you worked?
- •III. The use of the Past Perfect
- •The Squire was purple with anger before his son had done speaking.
- •In negative sentences:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •1. The past moment from which the action expressed by the Past Perfect Continuous is viewed may be indicated:
- •The future perfect tense
- •I. The formation of thePerfect Continuous Tense
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Will he not have worked?
- •Shan’t we have worked?
- •III. The use of the Future Perfect
- •The future perfect continuous tense
- •I. The formation of the Future Perfect Continuous Tense
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •II. The contracted affirmative forms are:
- •Appendix
- •I. Some spelling rules
- •I. Doubling the final consonant.
- •II. Mute Final e.
- •III. Final -y and Its Modifications.
3. To denote future habitual actions which we assume will take place.
Spring will come again.
Other pupils will sit at my desk.
4. in sentences containing clauses of condition, time and sometimes purpose
If I drop this glass it will break.
When it gets warmer the snow will start to melt.
I am putting this letter on top of the pile so that he’ll read it first.
NB! In if-clause or time clause we don’t use the future indefinite even when the meaning is future
It will get warmer soon but when it gets warmer…
5. a succession of actions in the future
I shall wait in the next room and come back when she's gone. We'll
just talk about the weather and the crops for a few minutes and
then we'll have dinner.
6. decisions made at the moment of speaking
All right,I shall see you at 8.
7. in newspapers and newsbroadcasts,for formal announcements of future plans and for weather forecasts
THE PRESIDENT WILL OPEN A NEW AIRPORT TODAY.
The fog will persist in all areas.
8. in requests
Will you do me a favour?
9. in firm intentions, promises
I shall love you for ever.
10. in threats
I won’t speak to you ever again.
11. in suggestions
Shall I go for a work?
Shall I start reading?
12. in asking for advice
What shall I say if he calls?
THE FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
I. The formation of the Future Continuous.
The Future Continuous is formed by means of the Future Indefinite of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle I of the notional verb.
In the interrogative form the first auxiliary verb is placed before the subject.
In the negative form the negative particle not is placed after the first auxiliary verb.
Affirmative Interrogative Negative
I shall (will) be working Shall I be working ? I shall not be working
He will be working Will he be working ? He will not be working
She will be working Will she be working ? She will not be working
We shall be working Shall we be working ? We shall not be working You will be working Will you be working ? You will not be working
They will be working Will they be working ? They will not be working