Pluznikov_Terminy

3ABIITEPbE. 3a6op (1) C HaBeCOM ):IJIH 3a~I CKOTa OT HenorO):lhI.

3ABO,lJ;. 1 I1poMhIIUJIeHHOe npe):lnpll- }[THe. 2 I1pe):lnpHHTHe no pa3Be):leErnUO nOpO):lHCThIX xmBOTHhIX. 3 MaCTepcKIUI B KyneqeCKOH HJIII Me~aHCKOH ycaob6e.

3AB03H5L I1pllcTPoeHHoe K Q.M6apy

KphITOe nOMe~eHHe ):IJIR TeJIer II caHeH.

3ABOP, 3ABOPA. 1 3acoB ):IJIR BOpOT. 2 }Kep):lh, COe):lIlHHIO~1UI KOJIhR B orpa- ):Ie. 3 m.llaz6aYM.

3ABOPOTH5L 3aKJI8):IHOH 3anop BOpOT.

3ABOPQATA5l fOPO,lJ;bBA. Orpa):la 113 roP"30HTaJIhHhIX }Kep):leH.

3AB5l3EHME. TlOphMa.

3AfATKA, 3AfATb. 1 XrreB. 2I1po-

CTPaHCTBO Me}K):ly mIeTHHMH, YCTJIaHHOe COJIOMOH. 3 3HMHHS1 06,MQaKa ua6bt (1) HaB030M C COJIOMOH. 4 llieTeHh CHaBeCOM, KphIThIM COJIOMOH.

3AfJIYllMHA. 1 IIoocmyneHolC ):Iepe-

BHHHOH JIeCTHHqbI, npll6HBaeMhm K 3y6qaThIM memU6Q.M. 2 BepTIIKaJIhHIUI

):IO~aTIUI nOBepXHocTh, coe):\HHRlO~1I.!I

cryneH'laThIeno.llICu B 6aHe. 3 PacCToHHHe Me}K):ly ):IBYMR Kopo6ICQ.MU B O):lHOM OKOHHOM npoeMe.

3ArPMBOK. rpu6a.

3ArP5l,lJ;KA. }Kep):lh no BepXHeMY KpalO PYCCICOU neliU, nOMoralO~1UI B306paThCR Ha JIe}KaHKY.

3AfY30K. BOKOBIUI rpaHh '1eThIpeX-

CKaTHOH KP06.1lU.

3AfYH. CaUHUIC.

3A.lJ:BOPHA5l M3BA. He60JIhmlUl ua6a (1) B 38):1HeH qaCTH KpecThHHcKoro

060pa npeAHa3HaqeHHaSl AJISI cOAepX<llHIDI MOJIOAOrO CKOTa JIH60 AJIH CTUpKH, nOCHAeJIOK H T. A.

3A,[(BOPlUI. AaJIhHHSl H3 napaJIJIeJIhHhlX yJIH~ B AepeBHe.

3A,[(BOPOK. 1 3aAHHH 060P (1, 2) KpeCThSlHcKOH ycaob6bt, 06'heAHHSIIO- I.QHii XJIeBJ>I H aaTCymbt. 2 J(60p (1, 2) KpeCThSlHcKoH ycaob6bt, OTAeJIeHHhIH OT ua6bt (1) AepeBeHcKoH yJI~eH. 3 HaBec ,AJISI CKOTa. 4 KpaHHHSI 3aAHHSI yJIH~a B CeJIeHHH.

3A,[(BOPbE. 1 HaBec AJISI CKOTa B 3aAHeH qaCTH KpecThSlHcKoro o6opa (1). 2 AepeBeHcKHe 3ao6opTCu.

3A,[(EU. He60JIhmOH npupy6 K ceHJt.M, HMelOI.QHii nOAc06HO-x03S1HCTBeHHoe 3HaqeHHe.

3A,[(MHKA. J(ocTCa (1), 3aBepmalO~aSI

CllHHKY AHBaHa.

3A,[(~ M3BA. 3aAHHe nOMe~eHHSI

B KpecThSlHcKoH ua6e (1), npeAHa3HaqeHHhIe nOA X<HJIhe 6aTpaKOB H xpaHH- JIH~e AOMamHeH YTBapH.

3A,I1;OK,3acnuHTCa.

3A,[(OprA. IIepHJIh~a, 1I0MoralO~e

B306paThCH Ha JIeX<aHKY PYCCTCOU ne'lu.

3A,[(OPOrA. IIOllepeqHaSI CTeHKa C

OTBepCTHeM ycmbR, OTAeJISlIO~aSI B pyc-

CTCOU ne'lu ee OCHOBHoe npocTpaHCTBo

.OT uteCmTCa.

3AE3)K11:H ,[(BOP, 3AE3)KMH AOM. lIocmoMbtu 060P, lOcmuHul¥l

(1) npH Aopore.

3AE30K. IIeperOpaX<HBalO~H peKY IIJIeTeHh C BepmaMH AJISI JIOB,lIH PhI6hI.

3AEPIIIEHHhIH rn03Ab (=3aKpeIIJIeHHhIH m03Ah). rB03,Ah AJIHHOH 15-20 CM, HMelO~H Ha CTBOJIe qaCThle 3a3y6pHHhI, 1I0BhImalO~e C~ellJIeHHe C

OOCTCOU (1), 6pe6HoM H T. A.

3AE30K. 3ae30TC.

3A3AAOPOrA. Y3Koe IIpocTpaHCTBO MeX<.AY neqblO H cTeHoH.

3A3BOHHhIH KOJIOKOJI, 3A3BOHqMK (=AHCKaHT, MaJIhIH KOJIOKOJI). TOHKOrOJIOChIH KOJIOKOJI (BecoM OT 10 ¢YHTOB AO 6 nyAOB), 3BOHOM KOTOporo HaqUHaeTCSI 6JIaroBecT, C03hIBa1OI.QHii OKpeCTHhlX npuxox<aH Ha ~ep­ KOBUYIO CJIyx6y.

3AMMKA. 1 3eMJIH B HeAaBHeM npomJIOM 6ecx03HhIe, a Teneph 3aHSIThIe AJISI ceJIhCKOX03HH:CTBeHHOH 06pa60TKH. 21136a (1) Ha TaKHX 3eMJISIX. '

3AKAMAPA. 3aTCO.Mapa.

3AKJIAAHA}! rOJIOBKA. M3Ha-

qaJIhHOe pacIIIHpeHHe Ha Ko~e

CTepX<HSIaaKAemcu.

3AKJIAAHA~ AOCKA. 3aJIox<eHHaSI B OCHOBaHHe 3AaHHSI oocTCa (2) co cBeAeHHSlMH 0 BpeMeHH coopyxeHHSI H JIH~aX, npHCYTCTBoBaBmux npH 3aKJIaAKe.

3AKJIA,[(HOH BPYC. AepeBHHHhIH 1I0AOKOHHHK, 3aKJIaAhIBaeMhIH B KaMeHUYIO CTeHY HJIH Bpy6aeMhm B AepeBSlHHhIe cmouTCu, KOTophIe orpaHHqHBalOT npoeM.

3AKJIA,[(HOH KPECT. KpecT C HaAITHChlO, 3aBepmaBmHH CTpOHTeJIhHhIe JIeca npH B03Be,AeHHH 3,AaHHSl.

3AKJIAAOQHbIH KAMEHb. 1 KpYIIHhm KaMeHh (06hJqHO yrJIOBOH), Topx<eCTBeHHO 3aKJIaAhIBaeMhIH B OCHOBaHHe 06~eCTBeHHoro coopyxeHHSI. 2 HuX<HuH: x<epHoB B MeJIhHUqHhIX 1I0CTaBax.

3AKJIA,[(JfOH KPIOQOK. OTpe30K x<eCTKOH npOBOJIOKH C ~eIIJISlIO~ H3m60M Ha Ko~e, 3aKpellJIeHHhIH Ha CTBOpKe OKHa, qT06hI ee He 3aXJIOnUYJI BeTep.

3AKJIEII. 3anop BOpOT.

3AKJIEIIHOH BOJIT. IIporry~eHHhm qepe3 AepeBo 60JIT, 3aOCTpeHHhm KO- He~ KOToporo 3aruyT HJIH paCKJIellaH AJISI npoquocTH Hepa3'heMHOrOKpeIlJleHHSI.

3AKJIEIIHOH KAMEHb. 3a.MTC66blU TCa.MeHb.

3AKJIETb. 3aAHHH OTceK pa3AeJIeHHOH HaABoe TC.!Iemu JIH60 BTOPaSI KJIeTh 1I03aAH lIepBoH.

3AKJIEII. 3allop ABepH HJIH OKHa.

3AKJIEIIKA. Hepa3'heMHOe KpeIlJle-

HHe ABYX MeTaJIJIuqeCKUX JIHCTOB HJIH

1I0JIOC ~HHApuqeCKHM CTepX<HeM C

ymupeHHSIMH (roJIOBKaMH)'Ha KO~ax,

nJlOTHO npHJIeralO~MH K CKpeIIJIHMhIM

nOBepXHOCTHM nOCJIe YAapoB MOJlOTOM.

3AKJIYHbE. MeCTo 3a TC.!IYHeu HJIH

PUlOU B PYCCKOH AepeBHe.

3AKOJI. QacToKoJi H3 nJleTHeH, KOJIheB H xBopoCTa, B03BeAeHHhIH 1I0llepeK peKH H npelISlTCTBYIO~H ABH- x<eHHIO PhI6hI BBepx 110 TeqeHHIO; HHOrAa cHa6x<aeTCSI phI60JIOBe~HMH YCTpOHCTBaMH.

3AKOMAPA. IIoJlYKpyrJloe HJIH TCU./Ie6uoHoe 3aBepmeHHe npRCe.!l ~epKoB­

Horo 3AaHHSI, npHMepHo cooTBeTcTBY- lO~ee KpHBH3He 3aKphIBaeMoro c6ooa.

3AKPEIIJIEHHhIH rB03Ab. 3aeputeHHbtU z6oaob.

3AKPECTOBbE. YrJlOBOH nOHHX<eHHhIH yqaCTOK qeThIpeXCTOJIIIHoro TCpecm06oTCyno.!lbHolO xPa.Ma C npHMOyrOJlhHhIM IIJIaHOM.

3AKPOB. IIoKpoB, 3aBeca.

3AKPOH. 1 Cma6HR. 2. CoeAHHeHHe napaJIJleJlhHhIX OOCOTC (1), n.!IaCmUH HJIH oepHuH, npH KOTOPOM KpaH: O,AHOrO H3 3THX 3J1eMeHTOB nepeKphIBaeTcSI coceAHHM - 6J1aroAapSl cpe3y HJIH crylleHhKe Ha CThIKe.

3AKPOM. OTceK, B KOTOPhIH CChIIIalOT 3epHoBoH XJIe6 BUYTpH a.M6apa (1).

3AKYT. 1 TeIlJlhIH 3HMHuH: XJleB AJiSI

MeJIKoro CKOTa. 2 IIoMe~eHHe AJiSI

c06aK Ha IIcapHe. 3 QYJIaH, oTropox<eH-

HaSI KJIaAOBaSI.

3AJI, 3AJIA (=caJla). 06mupHoe 1I0Me~eHHe B X<HJIOM AOMe HJlH 06~e­ CTBeHHOM 3AaHHH, npeAHa3HaqeHHOe AJiSI Topx<ecTBa HJIH HHhIX c06paHHH 60JlhmOrO KOJluqeCTBa JlIOAeH.

3AJIABHHA. JIa6a (1).

3AJIABHHK. AJIHHHaSl CKaMhSl BAOJlh CTeHhI B ua6e (2).

3AJIABOK. 1 PYHOYTC (1), z.!IyXQR

.!Ia6TCa C 1I0A'heMHOHKphImKoH, B KpeCThSlHCKOH ua6e {I, 2) HJIH B npuxo:HCeu. 2 3aJIox<eHHoe rnyxoH OOCTCOU (1) HJIH pemeTKoH IIPOCTPaHCTBO 1I0A JlaBKOH, B KOTOPOM KyphI HecYT H BhICHX<HBaJOT SI~a. 3 ,[(JIHHHhm H HH3KuH: mKa¢ B KpeCThSlHCKOH ua6e (2), npHMhIKalO~H K CTeHe HJIH K neperopoAKe Y nequ. 4 JIaBKa, BhITHuyTaSI BAOJlh CTeHhI OT lIeqH H 3aMeHSlIO~aSI CTOJI AJiSI CTpHIlHH. 5 IIpHJlaBOK - AJIHHHhm rJIyxoH CTOJI co mKa¢qHKaMH. 6 3anaoHR (2).

3AJIOBHMK. OrpaHuqeHHoe HH3KHMH CTeHKaMH npocTpaHC1itI0 HaA lIepeKphITHeM zQ./Iepeu (1) Y BxoAa B AepeBSlHHhIH a.M6ap (1, 2).

3AJIOrH. rOpH30HTaJIhHhIe PSIAhI KHp- nuqHOH TC.!IaOTCU, pa3AeJleHHhle mupoKHMH nOJIOCaMH pacTBopa.

3AJIOM. HHma.

3AJIYBHHUA. I1oMem;eHUe 3a neperOpOAKOH B ua6e (2).

3AJIhHhHi XPAM. D;epKoBHoe 3AaHUe, B KOTOPOM BbICOKoe U rrpoCTopHoe nOMem;eHUe xPaMa UMeeT nepeKpbITIDI rrpuMepHo Ha OAHOM ypoBHe.

3AMA3KA. BJI3KruI CMeCb U3 oTMY- 'IeHHOrO Mena U onucpbI, 3aKpennJIlOm;ruI CTeKna B OKOHHbIX nepenneTax.

64

3AXO,Il;. 1 Y3KHH npOXOIl;. 2 TYDHK. 3 Yron. 4 XneB. 5 (=MOTbillbHbIH 3aXOIl;). OTXO;)Kee MeCTO, y60pHruI.

3AQETI. AHKep.

3AQETIA. KOHTponbHO-CTOp0;)KeBOH nyHKT, Ha KOTOPOM oCTaHaunHBaIOT nOB03KH Il;nx npoBepKH.

3AQETIKA. JIenHoe RnH pe3Hoe YKpameHHe Ha CTblKe apxHTeKTYPHbIX ll;eTaneH, HanpHMep, alpap (1) .

3AQEKA (=3aqOKa)./I(eKoltoa.

3Am;A,Il;A. 3KpaH nepell; KaMUHOM.

3Am;ETIhI. 3aKnaAHbIe KpIO%X Anx HauecKH BOPOTHblX CTBOpOK.

3Am;EBEHKH. TIpoMe;)KYTOqHbIH

CJIOH B OCHOBaHHH KaMeHHoro nona,

COCTOllID;HH H3 6emoHa C MenKHMH

KaMemKaMH.

3AIIJ;ErrKA. 1 ,Il;BepHoH 3anop, KOTOpbIH COCTOHT H3 KpIOqKa, npHKpenneHHoro K KOCRKY, H KOJIbn;a Ha Il;BepHoM nonOTH~e. 2 BXOIl;HOH 3anop B BRAe nQBopOTHOH nnaCTHHKH, ;)KeCTKO coell;H- HeHHOH C BHeIIIHeH pyqKOH Ha nOIl;BH;)K- HOH CTBopKe ABepH H 3arraAaIO~eH 3a BbIcTyn Ha KOCRKe JIH60 HenOABHX<HOH CTBopKe.

3BEPHHEQ. OTBell;eHHruI ARX OXOTbI qaCTb neUaa:JICHOlO napKa, npope3aHHruI cneD;HanbHblMH npoceKaMH.

3BE3,Il;HAA .8APTA. 06cepBaTOpHX.

3BE3,Il;QAThIH CBO,Il;. C600, COCTauneHHbIH H3 fljITH H 60nee paCna.tly6oK, KOTopble CXOIl;XTCX BepXHHM OCTpHeM B OIl;UY TOqKY·

3BOH. 1 Hpyc KOItOKOltbHU, HMeIO~ apKu RnH npXMoyronbHbIe npoeMbl ARX KOJIOKOnOB. 2 KOMnneKT KOJIOKOJIOB Ha

OAHOH 360HHUI{e RnH KOItOKO.ll.bHe.

3BOHHK. ,Il;BepHoH KOJIOKOnbqHK.

3EPIJ;AJIO. YCTaHaBJIHBaBIIIallCll Ha CTOJIaX B npHCYTCTBeHHhIX MeCTax BepTHKaJIhHall TPexrpaHHall nPH3Ma C TeKCTOM n;apCKHX YKa30B (Ha rpaHlIX) H ABYrJIaBhIM OPJIOM (HaBepxy).

3ETOBOE )KEJIE30. MeTaJIJIHqeCKall 6aJIKa, KOTopall HMeeT B CeqeHHH

CTOHKY C rrOJIOqKaMH, OTXOAllll\HMH OT ee KOHn;OB B npoTHBOnOJIO)KHhIX HarrpaBJIeHHllx.

3MAPATXAHA (=3HllpaTxaHa) rJIaBHoe nOMell\eHHe AJIll MOJIllll\HXCll B Me-

'femu.

3Mr3ArM. TpaHIIIeH MaJIOH IIIHpHHhI, nepeXOAllll\He OAHa B APyryIO nOA OCTphIM yrJIOM.

6hICTPOcoxHYll\eH 3aMa3KH H KpacoK AJIll OTAeJIOqHhIX pa60T nopoIIIoK. 2 II060q- H:!>IH npoAYKT BhIIIJIaBKH cepe6pa H3 CBHHn;OBhIX PYA. 3 BJIeCTllll\HH )KeJITOOpaH)KeBhIH nopomoK C KpynHOqeIIIYHqaTOH CTPYKTypOH.

3MMHMll IIEPEIIJIET. OKOHHall paMa 6e3 CTBOPOK H OTKphIBaIOll\eHCll

(jJPaMYzu.

3MMHMll CA,I:(. Cal:( H3 AeKopaTHBHhIX pacTeHHH, YCTpoeHHhIH B 3aKphITOM nOMell\eHHH.

3MMHMIJ;A. 1 H36a (1) 6e3 TPy6hI H ceHeu, nocTpoeHHall 3a X03llHcTBeHHhIM OBOPOM KpecThllHcKOH ycaob6bt HJIH C60KY OT Hero; 06hlqHO 3arJIy6JIllJIaCh B 3eMJIIO Ha M.

H36a (1), B KOTOPOH cOnpOBO)K):laBIIIHe 0603 no 3HMHeH Aopore AO)KH]:IaJIHCh BCKPhITHlI peK.

3MMH5I5I IJ;EPKOBh (= TenJIall n;epKOBh). OTanJIHBaeMhIH xpaM, B KOTO-

POM MO)J{HO COBepIIIaTb 60roCJIY)J{emBi B 3HMHee BpeMSI rO):la.

3MMOBKA. H36a B 3a):lHeH qaCTH KpeCTMIHCKOH ycaob6bl, npe):lHa3HaqeHHruI ):IJUI cO):lep)J{aHIDI CKOTa, a HHOr):la H ):IJI}! )J{HJIb}!.

3MMOBHMK, 3MMOBbE. 1 H36a (1) ):IJI}! BpeMeHHoro npo)J{HBaHIDI nYTHHKoB B JIecy HJIH CTenH 3HMOH (cp.: 3~lM­

HUUP (2). 2 []ocmORJlbiU 060P B 6e3JIIO):I- HOH MeCTHOCTH. 3 OXOTHHqb}! H36YIIIKa B rJIy6HHe JIeca. 4 I1acTYIIIecKruI XH)J{HHa B CTenH. 5 KYXH}! HJIH JlIOOCKaR, B03Be- ):IeHHble B cTopoHe OT ):Ipymx nocTPoeK

ycaob6bl.

3MMOrOPbE. I10CeJIeHHe HeHMYW;Hx H ce30HHbIX pa60qHx.

3MMC. CTbIK OOCOK (1) B 06mu6Ke.

3MHKBEPK. mmOJlbl-lR, B KOTOPOH HaKanJIHBaIOT HacbIw;eHHblH COJIbIO pacTBOP H3 rpYHTa, qT06bI 3aTeM BbIIIyCTHTb ero B CneIl,HaJIbHbIH pe3epByap.

3MIJ,-OPT, 3MIJ,OPT. HH3KHH mmpeK B PY):lHHKe, npe):lHa3HaqeHHblH pa60TbI CHIl;}!.

3M5IPATXAHA. 3uapamxal-la.

3JIATOKPOBHbIll. 3JIaTOrnaBbIH, 3JIaTOBepXHH.

3MEMHA5I KPOBb. KpaCHTeJIb TeM- HO-MaJIHHOBOro Il,BeTa, ynoTpe6JI}!B- IIIHHC}! TIpH JIaKHpOBKe, a TaK)J{e rrpH OKpaCKe ane6acTpoBoro ):IeKOpa B HHTepbepe H T. ):I.

3HAMEHHOE KOI1ME. 3HaM5I, npanop.

30EHMHA. MeJIbHHqHOe BO):l5lHOe KOJIeco nOOOm6el-ll-lOW 60R

30JIOTA5I HABOAKA. ApeBHepycCKruI TeXHHKa HCnOJlHeHH5I HKOH C 30JIOTblM PHCYHKOM Ha 6apxaTHCTO-QepHOM <poHe Me):lHOH OCHOBbI; ynoTpe6JIeHa B KJIeHMaX C060PHbIX BpaT B HOBrOpO):le, CY3Il;aJIe, KocTpoMe, AJIeKCaH):IpOBe; OCHOBaHa Ha rpaBepHoM npOTpaBJIlmaHHH JIaKOBOro nOKpbITH5I, Il;JI5I HaHeceHH}! pHcYHKa coell;HHeHHeM pTyTH C 30JIOTOM.

30JIOTOE CET.JEHME (= 30JIOTOe ll;eJIeHHe). I1ponopIl,IDI, npH KOTOPOH MeHbIIIHH H3 ):IByX oTpe3KoB OTHOCHTC5I K 60JIbIIIeMY, KaK 60JIbIIIHH K HX cyMMe; npHMepHo cooTBeTcTByeT 8:13, HJIH 0,61803398875 ...

30JIOTOll JIMCTEJIb. I1030JIOQeHHble 6pYCKU (1) ):IJI5I 30JIOTblX paM, H3roTOBJIeHHble H3 cyxoro ):IepeBa 6e3 cyqKOB H npO<pHJIHpoBaHHble MaIIIHHHbIM cnoc060M.

30JIOTO JIMCTOBOE. OqeHb TOHKHe JIHCTKH BbICOKOKaqeCTBeHHoro 30JIOTa (06blqHO 93-H np06b1), npell;Ha3HaqeHHble ):IJI}! 30JIOqeHIDI 6azem06, Me6eJIH, UKOHocmaC06 H T. n.

30JIOTbIE BOPOTA. YKpaIIIeHHble 30JIOTOM rJIaBHble BopoTa Il;peBHepycCKOro wpooa (1).

30JIbHMK (= nO):l):lYBaJIo). 1 C06HpaIOW;ruI 30JIY H neneJI qaCTb TOnOqHOrO npocTpaHcTBa, pacnOJIo)J{eHHa}! nOll; KOJlOCHUK060U peIIIeTKoH OTOnHTeJIbHbIX YCTPOHCTB. 2 BbIIl;BH)J{HOH npoTHBeHb nO):l KOJlOCHUKaMU (1) PYCCKOU neliU, B KOTOPblH nona):laeT 30JIa BO BpeM}! TonKH.

30HAEK. I1apycHoe nOKpbITHe ):IJI}! 3aW;HTbI OT COJIHIl,a, TeHT.

30HT. 1 MeTaJIJIHqeCKHH HaBec, - 06blqHO Ha a)J{ypHblx KOHCOJlRX, C ¢PU30M (2) JIH60 no030poM (1) no nepHMeTpy, - Ha):l BXO):lOM, npOe3):10M BO ):IBOP, 6aJIKOHOM HJIH KuomOM (1). 2 A6a- :JICyp (1).

30HTMQHbIll CBOA. COCTaBJIeHHblH H3 OIl;HHaKOBblX JlOmK06 C600 Hall; nOMew;eHHeM CnJIaHOM B BH,I~e rrpaBHJI!=,- Horo BbIIIYKJIOrO MHoroyrOJIbHHKa.

300JIOnf1IECKMll CAA. 1 (= 3BepHHeIl,). 06IIIHPHbIH yqaCTOK B JIecwCTOH MeCTHOCTH, Ha KOTOPOM pa3BOIl;}!T 3BepeH ):IJI}! OXOTbI JIH60 OT):IeJI}!IOT XHW;- HHKOB orpa):lOH OT nOJIeH H HHblX oKpecTHocTeH. 2 I1apK, B KOTOPOM cO):lep)J{aTC5I pa3Ho06pa3Hble )J{HBOTHble ):IJI5I ll;eMOHCTpaIl,HH ny6JIHKe, a TaK)J{e B HayqHblX Il,eJI5IX.

3001l>OP. CPpU3 (1), YKpaIIIeHHbIH H306paMeHIDIMH )J{HBOTHbIX (06b1qHO

peJIbe<pHhIMH).

30PE. Pa3HOBH):IHOCTb <paCOHHoro )J{e- JIe3a, ynoTpe6JI5IBIIIa5lC5I KaK 6aJIKH B npoe3)J{eH QaCTH MOCTOB (HanpHMep, AJIeKCaHll;pOBCKHH MOCT Qepe3 BOJIry, KpeCTOBCKHH 6uaoyK B MOCKBe).

30<l>OP. 300¢op.

3PA T.JOK. KpY)J{OK B Il,eHTpe 60JllOmbl, K KOTOPOMY CX0Il;HTC5I CnHpaJIb.

3YE, 3YEOM. Coell;HHeHHe gByX 6pe- 6el-l HJIH 6pycbe6 (1) rryTeM Bpy6KH cTyneHQaTOrO KOHIl,a B BbleMKY, TOQHO cooTBeTcTBYIOW;YIO eMY no <popMe.

3YEIJ,bI (= MepJIOHbI). 3aBepIIIaIOW;He KpenOCTHYIO cTeHY H pa3):1eJIeHHble He60JIbIIIHMH rrpocBeTaMH O):lHHaKOBble BblcTynbI B BepTHKaJIhHOH nJIOCKOCTH, 3aW;Hw;aBume cTPeJIKOB OT HenpIDITeJIbCKoro OrH5I HJIH CTpeJI.

3YET.JATA5I APKA. ApKa (1), no BHYTpeHHeH nOBepxHocTH KOTOPOH paBHoMepHo pacnOJIo)J{eHbI ·ocTpoyrOJIbHble BblcTynbI.

3YBT.JATA5I TETMBA. HaKJIOHHruI onopa JIeCTHHIl,bI, HMeIOw;a51 no BepxHeMY KpaIO 3y6QaTble Bblpe3bI, K KOTOpbIM npH6HBaIOTC5I npocmynu H noo- cmynel-lKu.

3YET.JATbIll IIII1MHrAJIET. 3anHpaIOW;HH OKHO MexaHH3M, B KOTOPOM IIIeCTepeHKa npH PYK05lTKe CMew;aeT BepTHKaJIhHble 3anopHble CTep)J{HH, a TaK)J{e nOnepeQHYIO 3a):lBH)J{KY ):IJI5I ynJIOTHeHH5I CTbIKa.

3YET.JMKM. J(el-lmUKYJlbl.

3YJIA. KypHJIbHHIl,a Ha TeppHTopHH

6Y):l):lHHCKOro MOHaCTblp5l.

3bIEKA. JIIOJIbKa, nO):lBeCHruI KOJIbI6eJIh B KpeCTh5lHCKOH ua6e (2).

3bIM3A, 3bIMC. Kapl-lua.

MACIIMC (= S1CnHC). Acnuo.

MBAH EJIKMH. Ka6aK.

MBEPHh. KpOBeJIbHaSI opaH1ca (1),

~ena.

MrJIMIJ;A. mno1llca, CKpellJUIIO~aSI ~e­ peBHHHble IqUTbI H3 OOCOlC (1).

MrJIA. 1 BepTHKaJIbHOe 6pe8Ho, YCH-

JIHBalO~ee cTeHY H3 roPH30HTaJIbHblX 6pe8eH. 2 IIIIrnJIb.

MrJIMu;A. 1 rOpH30HTaJIbHaB )l(ep~b B

orp~e. 2 )l(ep~b, npH)l(HMalO~aSl COJIO-

MeHHYIO KP08J11O.

MrJIY. 3CKHMoccKoe )I(HJIH~e H3 6JIo-

KOB O'leHbllJIOTHOrO CHera.

MrPMmE. MecTo MaCCOBbIX 3peJI~.

M.IJ;OJIhHMu;A. 5I3bNecKuH XpaM.

M.IJ;hIM. rYMHO npH KpecTbSlHcKOH ycaob6e 60raTbIX Map~eB.

ME3YMTCKMH CBO.IJ;. COMKHymbtU C800, pe6pa KOToporo onupalOTcSI Ha CTblKH BOCbMH pacnQJIy60K (1, 2) no

yrJIaM KB~paTHoro nOMe~eHHB.

M)I(E IIO.IJ; KOJIOKOJIhI. THn u;epKOBHoro 3~aHHB, Y KOToporo H~ OCHOBHbIM npocTpaHCTBOM (nepe~ UKOHocmaCOM) B03Be~eH RpyC 380Ha.

M3EA. 1 KpeCTbBHcKHH )I(HJIOH OOM B CeJIbCKOH MeCTHOCTH (KaK npaBHJIO, ~epeBSlHHbIH; pe)l(e - B XIX H Ha'l. XX B. - KHPllH'iHblH).2 (= HCTo6Ka, HCTollKa). )l(HJIoe ·OTallJIHBaeMOe nOMe-

67

~eHHe B ~epeBBHHoM KpecTbSIHcKOM

oOMe (1). 3 BHYTpeHHee nOMe~eHHe B

~eBHepyccKoM ~epeBBHHoM 080pije (1).

4 .IJ;peBHepyccKaSI Kaun;eJIBpHSl (IIoCOJIbCKaSI H36a, BoeBo~cKaSI H36a H T. ~.).

M3EH5IK. IIpHro~HbIH ~JISI )I(HJIoro

CTpoeHHB XBOHHblH CTpoeBoH JIec, He

MeHee 6 BeplllKoB B nOnepe'lHHKe.

M3EOQMHA. 1 EOKoBaSi no~nopKa. 2 YCTOH MOCTa.

M3BECTKOBO-IIECQAHhIH KMPIIJfq. M3rOTOBJIeHHbIH pyqHbIM HJIH

MaIlIHHHbIM cnoco6oM KHpllH'iH3 CMeCH

H3BeCTH C neCKOM (HHor~a H C KpacHTeJIBMH - ~JISI ~eKopaTHBHoro a<p<peKTa); no npO'iHOCTHyCTynaJI 06b1'lHOMYKHpnH'IyHa 20% H npHMeHSlJICSI B KJI~Ke BbIIIIe U;OKOJIH, TaK KaK Mor BllHTbIBaTb

BJIary H3 3eMJIH.

M3BECTKOBO-IIECQAHhIE CTEHhI. Ha6HBHble HecropaeMble CTeHbI H3 CbIPOH CMeCH H3BeCTH H neCKa, o6JIa~a­ IO~He 60JIbiliOH npO'iHOCTblOH ~OJIro­ Be'lHOCTblOnpH ~eIlIeBH3He, npocToTe H 6blcTPoTe BbIllOJIHeHHB (He~ocTaToK - ~JIHTeJIbHOe BblCblxaHHe: ~JIB )l(HJIbIX nOMe~eHltil: - He MeHee ro~a).

M3BECTKOBhIH AJIEEACTP. IIo-

JIynp03pa'lHbIH KpHCTaJIJIH'leCKHH H3-

BeCTKOBblH IIIIIaT, ynoTPe6JISlBIIIItil:cSI

~JISI YKpameHltil:.

M3BECTKOBhIH KPOH. .IJ;eIlIeBaB

)l(eJITaSi KpaCKa, npHMeHSIeMaB B MaJIBp-

HbIX pa60Tax Ha KJIeeBOH OCHOBe H npH

H3rOTOBJIeHHH 060eB.

M3BECTKOBhIH IIIIIAT (= JIerKHH

IIIIIaT, nOJIeBOH I1InaT). IIOPOiliOK KpH-

CTaJIJIH'leCKOH yrJIeKHCJIOH· H3Becm,

ynOTPe6JIBeMbIH B KJIeeBbIX nOKpacKax

BMeCTO MeJIa.

M3BECTHHK. OC~O'lHaSI ropHaSI rro- po~a, rro XHMH'ieCKOMYCOCTaBY - yrJIe-

KHCJIbIH KaJIbU;HH CaC03; yrroTpe6JISIeTCH KaK 06JIHn;OBO'lHblHMaTepHaJI (HanpHMep, B U;OKOJISlX), ~JISI H3rOTOBJIeHHSI

KapHuaHbtX rrJIHT, 6JIOKOB rro~ noocma8a, rrpOMeX{)'TO'lHbIX6JIOKOB B CTBOJIax KOJlOHH, pe3HbIX ~eTaJIeH apXHTeKTypHoro y6paHcTBa, rrO~OKOHHHKOB, cTyrre-

HeH, TporyapHblx rrJIHT, a TaK)l(e KaK

6ym ~JIH <py~aMeHTOB.

OKHCH KaJIbU;HS1 Ca(OH)2 (= railieHaB H3BecTb); 6JIaro~apSi crroco6Hocm TBep- ~eTb npH rrOrJIOIu;eHHH yrJIeKHCJIOTbI H3

B03~a railieHaB H3BeCTb B CMeCH Crrec-

KOM H BO~OH o6pa3yeT CTPOHTeJIbHbIH pacTBop.

M3BO.IJ;. 1 POB. 2 C800. 3 BapHaHT H306pa)l(eHHB, OTJIH'lalOII.I;HHCSIOT npoTomrra.

M3rAP. 1 KHpllH'iOT pa360pKH cTapblx rre'leH. 2 t[epenuija H3 rrepe)l()l(eHHOH rJIHHbI.

M3rOJIOBAiliEK. B320Jl08auteK.

M3rOPO.IJ;A. 1 OKOJIHu;a. 2 rpaHHn;a

CJI060~bI.

M3EKPhIH (= H3eKp, 3eKpbIH). rOJIy-

60H, 6HPI030BbIH.

M3JIYQMHA (= HaKamHa). IIo~rropa rro~ o6peutemKou TSI)I(eJIOH Kp08J1U Ha CmpOnUJIbHbtX H02ax C 60JIbIlIHMH

HHTepBaJIaMH.

M3MIOJIA3. IIJIIO~.

M30EKA. 1 He60JIbillaB ua6a (1).

2 C8emeJlKa, 20peHKa (1) H~ OCHOBHbIM 06'beMOM~epeBBHHoro ~OMa.

H30rHYTAA TETI1BA. KOpOTIrnH H30I'H)'ThIHK)'COK p;epeBa, COep;HIDI- IO~ CMe)KHhIe MapUlU Ha 1I0BOpOTe p;epeBSlHHOH JIeCTHHQhI.

H30JIHPYIOIIJ;AA CTEHA. I1epero-

pOp;Ka TOJI~OH 6 'tem6epmb KUpnU'ta

HJIH 6 nOltKUpnU'ta, B03Bep;eHHruI lIapaJI-

JIeJIhHO OCHOBHOH CTeHe, '1T06hIrrpellilT-

CTBOBaTh IIpOHHKHOBeHHIO B 1I0MelQe-

HHe ChIpOCTH, III)'Ma,TeMIIepaTypHhIX H

MeXaHH'leCKHXKOJIe6aHHH.

H3PA3El(. KepaMH'leCKHH 3JIeMeHT

YKpaIIIeHIDI HJIH 06JIHQOBKH CTeH JIH60

lIe'leH,HMelOlQHH Ha ThillhHOH CTOpOHe

Kop06'1aThIHBhICTYII p;mI CQeIIJIeHIDI C

KltaOKOU.

HKOHA MYCHHCKOrO ,lJ;EJIA.

HKOHa B TeXHHKe MoaaUKU.

HKOHHqECKAA CTATY~. KOIIIDI CO CKYJIhllTyphI (06hI'IHOB ry )Ke BeJIH- 'lHHY).

HKOHHHK. 1 I1OJIO'lKa,Ha KOTOPOH CTOSIT HKOHhI (HarrpHMep, B KpacHoM yzlty ua6bt (1). 2 Kuom (2).

HKOHOCTAC (= HKoHocTaB). lI1perpap;a, OTp;eJISIlOlQruI OCHOBHoe rrpocrpaHCTBO rrpaBOCJIaBHOrO xpaMa OT a.rtmapR (1) H BKJlIO'IalOlQaSI B ce6SI HKOHhI B p;Ba H 60JIee RPYC06. 2 Kuom (2), IIpHMhIKalO~ K IIpocTeHKY MH CTOJIrry B uHmepbepe xpaMa.

HKE 3Hrr3 (= lIapHopT). BaIIIKHp-

CKruI nRmUCmeHHaR ua6a.

HJIEM. I1oCeJIeHHe-ycaob6a MapHHQeB

('1epeMHcoB).

HJIHTOH. illeJIKOBhIH IIJIaT, B KOTOphIH 3aBepHYT aHmUMUHC Ha npecmolte.

HJIJIIOMHHATOP. qyryHHruI peIIIeT- '1aTaSIpaMa Hap; npURMKOM, BMOHTHpOBaHHruI B TPOTyap 3aIlOp;JIHQO C HHM. ~'1eHKH H. 3allOJIHeHhI rOJIy60BaThIMH CTeKJISIHHhIMH IIpH3MaMH, KorophIe rrporrycKalOT CBeT B rrpHSIMOK H 1I0p;BaJIhHOe 1I0MelQeHHe.

HJIOY,lJ;EP)I(ATEJIb (= HaHOcoyp;ep-

)KaTeJIh). I1JIeTeHOe 1I0llepe'lHOe3arpa-

)I{)l;eHHe B pYCJIe peKH, YCKopSIIOIQee

OTJIO)KeHHe HJIa Ha OTBep;eHHOM P;JISI

3Toro Y'laCTKe.

HMI1OCT. 1 BCTaBKa Me)l{)l;y nRmou apKu H ee OIlOPOH, rrpO<pHJIHpoBaHHruI Harrop;o6He aHma6lteMeHma MH KapHuaa. 2 I1ollepe'IHhIH 6pyc B OKOHHOM lIepeIIJIeTe, OTp;eJISIIOIQHH CTBOPKH OT HeIlOp;BH)I{HOH l/Jpa.MYzu. 3 BepTHKaJIhHruI CTOHKa B paMe, pa3~eJISIIOlQruI OKOHHhIH lIepeIIJIeT HJIH ~BepHhIe 1I0JIOTHHlQa Ha 60JIee Y3KHe '1acm.

nHTaHHble KayqYKOM, rYTTanepqeH, OJIHcj:>OH, aC(jJaJlbmOM II. .n;p.; Hcnonh30BanaCh .n;ml 06HBKH CTeH II. Me6enH (CM.

J!epMamWt).

MCKYCCTBEHHOE IIPEIUITCTBME. 060pOHHTenhHoe coopy)!{eHHe IlIHpIl.HOH He MeHee 2 Ca)!{eHeH, B03Be-

.n;eHHoe B 50300 IlIarax nepe.n; yKpenneHHhIMH rr03H~IDIMH II. rrpe.n;Ha3HaqeHHoe .n;ml 3a.n;ep)!{KH HenpHgTenhCKoro HacTynneHlI.g; MO)!{eT 6hITh H3rOTOBneHO 11.3 3eMnH (pOB, 60Jl'lbR R.Ma, aClcapnHaR Mil. KOHmpaCl(apnHaR CTeHKa), BO.n;bI (BO.n;gHOH pOB, 3anpy.n;a),

.n;epeBa (naJlucao, utmypMcjJaJl, KOnhg B IlIaXMaTHOM nopg.n;Ke, pozamKU, 3aceKU, 60pOHhI KBepxy 3y6hgMH), rrpOBonOKH (ceTh, rreTnH-CMKH), )!{ene3a (peIlIeTKa,

utmypMcjJaJl).

MCKYCCTBEHHOE

HME. Coopy)!{eHlI.e rrpH rrepeCeqeHHH

.n;oPO)!{Horo nonOTHa C BO.n;HOH rrperpa-

.n;OH, pe3KHM rrOHH)!{eHlI.eM penhecj:>a, BCTpeqHOH .n;OpOroH II. T. .n;. Pa3HOBII..n;HOCTII. M. C.: MOCT - B qaCTHOCTH, 6uaoYK, nyTenpoBo.n;, 3cmaKaoa (1) - Tpy6a HnH nOTOK rro.n; HaChIIIhIO, TYHHenh, npoTHBoo6BanhHag ZaJlepeR (3), noonopnaR cmenKa, 6btCmpomoK II. .n;p.

MCKYCCTBEHHbIll MPAMOP. OTITInHcj:>oBaHHhIH rHrrc, o6pa6oTaHHhIH KBaC~aMH II. CMeIlIaHHblH C MHHepanhHblMII. KpaCKaMII..

MCIIAHCKMll MEJI. TanhK, yrroTPe6ngeMhIH .n;ng oKpacKH o6oeB, a TaK)!{e KaK COCTaBHag qaCTh pg.n;a MangpHhIX KpacoK.

MCIIO,IJ;HME CEHM (= rro.n;ceHlI.e). 5Ipyc B OCHOBaHII.H .n;epeBgHHhIX ceHeu.

MCIIO,IJ;HMl(A. IIO.n;hI36H~a, HH)!{HHH

RpyC KJlemU (1).

MCTOEKA. H36a (2).

MCTOIIKA. 1 H36a (2).2 (= rro.n;BonoKa, qep.n;aK). qep.n;aqHOe rrpocTpaHcTBo Me)!{,!l;y rrOTOnOqHhIM HaKaTOM II. KP06Jleu u36bl (1). 3 IIocTpoHKa .n;ng MhIThg,

6~, Jla3HR (1).

CmpOnUJIbHblX Hoi, KOTophIe rro.n;.n;ep- )!{lI.BaIOTCg nOOKOCa.MU C yrropoM B BII.CgqyIO 6a6KY.

MTAJIMIHCKMll IIAPK. TeppaCHhIH peZYJlRpHblU rrapK co cKynhrrTypaMH.

MTAJIh5IHCKOE OKHO (= BeHe- ~HaHCKoe OKHO, rranna.n;HeBO OKHO, rrgTHKono.n;Hoe OKHO, Cepnll.aHO, TPOHHoe OKHO). TpeXqaCTHOe OKHO C 60nee IlIHPOKOH cpe.n;HeH qaCThIO (06hIqHO apO'lHOU, BblIlIe 60KOBhIX npgMoyronhHhIX - T. H. nOJlYOKOH).

MTOAH. HaHaHCKHH rrorpe6anhHhIH IlIanalli 11.3 TOHKHX )!{ep.n;eH, coopy)!{eHHhIH B6nH311. )!{lI.nHI~a.

MTOOK. HaomaH.

MY,IJ;EllCKA5I CMOJIA. AccjJaJlbm.

MqIOll. CnanhlJg B HoraHCKOM oOMe

(1,2).

llAr,IJ;YH. YnhqCKHH IlIanalli .n;ng po-

)!{eHH~hI.

llAOTAH (= HTOOK). IIoMHHanhHhIH HaHaHcKHH IlIanalli C rrOnOTHgHhIM nOKphITll.eM rro KapKacy 11.3 BhIrHYThIX )!{ep.n;eH).

IlOPT. IIepe.n;HII.H .n;BOp ycaob6bl TaTapMHlIIapeH, BKnIOqaIO~H xmnOH (JOM (1) II. Ha.n;BopHhIe X03gHCTBeHHhIe rrocTpoHKH.

llbIPA3bIIYJI. IIo.fwmu (1) C .n;epeBgHHhIM H3ronOBheM, B y.n;MypTCKOH

U36e (1).

6 IIHchMeHHhm CTon C HaACTPOH:KOH,

3arrOJIHeHHOH SIm;H'IKaMHH rronOCTSlMH C

TeJlhHOe coopY)i{eHHe C 6oeeou nIlow,aoKOU, rrpHTIOAHSlTOH H~ CTeHaMH 6J1H- )i{aHIIIerO 6acmuoHa.

KABJIHKOJIbI. BOJllOmbl KOPUHq,- CKOU KanUmeJlU, rrOMep)l{lfBaIOm:He yrJlhI ee a6aKu.

KA.,[()KAJIH. YJlh'lCKHe CTOJl6hI, K

KOTOPhIM rrpHBSI3hIBalOT MeABeAeH.

KA,!J;HJIbHAA IIEl.J:b. IIe'lh,rrpHcnoC06J1eHHIUI K BocKypeHHIO 6J1aroBoHHH B nOMem:eHHH.

KA,IJ;YQE,H. )l(e3JI MepKYPHSl, CHMMeTPH'IHO 06BHThIH ABYMSI 3MeRMH H 3aBePIIIeHHhm rrapoH KphInhIIIIeK.

KABA. 0pO'lCKOe neTHee )I{HJlHm:e C rrpSlMoyronhHhIM rrnaHOM, CTeHaMH H3 eJIOBOH KOphI no BepTHKanhHoMY 6peBeH'laToMYKapKacy H ABycKaTHoH Kpbl- uteu.

KABAJIbEP. PacnOJlO)i{eHHOe BHYTPH

Kpenocmu BcnOMOraTeJlhHOe 060POHH-

ABepQaMH (cp.: BlOpO). 7 (= Ka6HHeT B

6ocKeme). Y'IaCTOKpezyJlRpHOZO rrapKa, orpaHH'IeHHhIHCTeHKaMH H3 CTPH- )i{eHhIX ):ICpeBheB (HHorAa BKJIIO'Ian B ce6SI 6eceoKY, cKynhrrTYPY, 6acceHH).

KABH~. Yrny6neHHIUI B 3eMJIIO rnH-

HSlHIUI rre'lKa,B Ky6aHCKHX CTaHHQax.

KABJIYlJOK. BhITSIHYThIH rro ropH30HTanH HaBHcawm:HH npoqlHJIh C yMe-

70

KA3AHJIbIK, KA3AH ~K. Aut RK.

KA3APMA. 1 IIpHcrroco6J1eHHoe AJiR

060pOHhI 3AaHHe, B KOTOPOM )l{lfByr

COJlAaThI BOHCKOBOH '1aCTH. 2 ,!J;opeBoJlIOQHOHHOe 3AaHHe AnSI pa6o'lero o6m:e)l{lfTHSl, pacnOJIO)i{eHHOe rrpH npo-