Pluznikov_Terminy
.pdfBABMJIOH. JIa6upuHm B napKe, 06pa- |
apXHTeKTypHoe YKpameHHe B BHll:e |
HHSI. 2 06pa6oTKa Ul6a B BH,I\e Henpe- |
30BaHHhrH 3eJIeHbIMH HaCa)Kll:eHHSlMH. |
cocYll:a CpacmHpSlIOIIIHMCSI KBepxy napa- |
PbIBHOH npOTSI)KeHHOH BbIIIYKJIOCTH C |
BABMJIOHCKA5I TKAHh. MaTep'la- |
60JIOH,I\HbIM OCHOBaHHeM. |
Y3KOH OKaHTOBKOH (CM. PaCUIU6I<:a). |
TbIH 6a.nOaxUH (1). |
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BABMJIOHhl. EOJIbnIHe norpe6a B rrpHMopcKHX 6yrpax, HMeIOIQHe BHIl: npOpbITbIX XO/.lOB, no cTopoHaM KOTOpbIX paCnOJIaraIOTCSI JleOHUI<:U C JIapSlMH Il:JISI 3aCOJIKH H xpaHeHHSI pbI6bI.
BArA. EOJIbmHe BeCbI Il:JISI rpOM031l:KHX TSI)KeCTeH, 06bI'lHOBKJIIO'leHHbIeB cne- ~aJIbHOe coopY)KeHHe - 6aJICHlO.
BArAJIMll,A. 1 CJIIOIl:SlHaSl OI<:OH'tUHa.
BAJIKAHT (=BaJIKaHTHbIH 6pyc, mJIHnep, mnaJIa). Epe6Ho, OTecaHHoe Ha 4 rpaHH C OCTaBJIeHHeM Y3KHX nOJIOc 0630JIa (KOpbI) Me)Kll:y rpaHeH.
BAH ( =BOHO). YJIb'lCKHH cpy6 Il:JISI
BAJIOBhIH KOJIOKOJI. O'tenHou
3axopoHeHHSI KocTeH pHTyaJIbHO y6H-
1<:0JlOI<:OJl.
Toro MeIl:Be).lSl.
BAJIhrAHr. BaJl2aH2.
BArEHIIIOc. BaH'tec. |
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BAH5I. )J,eKopaTHBHbIH MOTHB B BH).Ie |
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rraJIbMOBOH |
BeTBH, |
BKJIIO'laeMbIH |
B |
BAJIhKA. 1 BaJlel<:. 2 IIPOIl:OJIroBaTbIH |
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BArOHKA (=KaJIeBKa). 06mHBKa H3 |
y6paHcTBo IIepKoBHoro UHmepbepa. |
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MemOK C neCKOM, YKJIall:bIBaeMbIH Ha |
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Y3KHX eJIOBbIX HJIH COCHOBblX 1l:0COK |
BAKCAJI. BOl<:aaJl (1). |
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OKHO Il:JISI 3aIIIHTbI OT CblpOCTH. |
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(mHpHHOIr |
7,5-12,5 |
CM H TOJIIQHHOH |
BAJI. 1 3eMJISlHaSl HaCbIIIb Il:JISI 06opo- |
BAJIhMOBA5I KPOBJI5I. IIOKpbITHe |
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1,3-1,8 CM), HMeIOIIIHX Ha npOTHBono- |
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C BaJIbMaMH - |
TpeyrOJIbHbIMH CKaTaMH |
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JIO)KHbIX Y3KHX Il:JIHHHbIX CTopOHax na3 H |
HbI. 2 (TO'lHee, nOJlY6aJl) - |
::meMeHT |
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OT KapHH3a 1l:0 ero BepmHHbI, nOIl:HHMa- |
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rpe6eHb |
paBHOH BeJIH'lHHbI, a |
B/.IOJIb |
apxHTeKTypHoro y6paHcTBa, |
HMeIO~H |
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KpaS! Ha JIHIIeBOH nOBepxHocTH - |
)KeJIO- |
BH,I\ npOTSI)KeHHOrO BbIcTyna C OIl:HHaKO- |
IOIIIHMHCSI Hall: TOPIIOBbIMH CTeHaMH. |
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60K HJIH HHOH npocToH npOCPHJIb. |
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BbIM nOJIYKpyrJIbIM Ce'leHHeM. |
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BAJIhMOBhIE HOrM. CmpOnUfta. |
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BArOHHA5I 3EJIEHh. 3eJleHaJl I<:U- |
BAJIrAHr (=BaJIbraHr). IIpHMbIKa- |
BAJIhIIMII.J:E. IIpHcTaHb, 06CJIY)KHBa- |
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H06apb. |
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IOIIIaSl K |
6pycm6epy |
ropH30HTa.ITbHaS! |
IOIIIaSl JIeCOCnJIaB. |
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BArOHHhIH CAPAH. 1 )KeJIe3HOIl:O- |
nOBepxHocTb |
BHYTpeHHero |
YCTyna |
B |
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KperrocTHoM 6aJlY, |
Ha KOTOPOH YCTaHaB- |
BAJIhll,OBA5I IIJIOTMHA. IIJIoTHHa, |
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pO)KHOe oeno Il:JISI naCCa)KHpCKHX Baro- |
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JIHBaJIHCb 0pYIl:HSI. |
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B KOTOPOH aam60p (4) BbIIl:BHraeTCSI no |
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HOB, rJIaBHbIM 06pa30M Il:JISI Tex, KOTO- |
BAJIrAHr |
COOEII.J:EHM5I. |
IIoHH- |
HaKJIOHHbIM HanpaBJISlIOIQHM B HHmax |
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pbIe He |
BKJIIO'laJIHCb B |
perYJISlpHbIe |
MaCCHBHbIX onop. |
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peHCbI |
(caJIOHHbIe, |
HMnepaTopCKHe, |
)KeHHbIH |
6aJlWH2 |
/.IJISI |
nepeMeIQeHHSI |
BAJIh5IH. Pe3HaS! HJIH 'leKaHHaSlxYll:o- |
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BeJIHKOKHSI)KeCKHe H |
T. Il:.). 2 |
31l:aHHe |
60eBbIX rpY30B. |
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Il:JISI npHBell:eHHSI |
B nOpS!ll:OK H MeJIKOrO |
BAJIEHhIH. TecaHbIH. |
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)KeCTBeHHaSl pa60Ta. |
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peMoHTa naCCa)KHpCKHX BarOHOB. |
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BAJIEK. |
IIoIl:JIOKoTHaS! |
IIHJIHHll:pH'leC- |
BAJIh5III.J:AThIH. Pe3HoH, TO'leHbIH. |
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BA)KH5I. |
KpbIToe |
coopY)KeHHe |
Ha)l; |
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KaS! nO).lymKa Ha KpaIO ).IHBaHa, |
COcpbI, |
BAH)J,PYThI. |
EpyCbJl, BepTHKaJIbHO |
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KPYIIHbIMH |
BecaMH (6a20u) , B03Bell:eH- |
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TaXTbI, KpoBaTH B napall:HOH cna.TIbHe. |
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npH6HTble K CTeHaM maXTbI Il:JISI 3aIIIHTbI |
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Hoe npH ToprOBOH nJIOIIIaIl:H. |
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BAJIMK. 1 ApxHTeKTypHO-ll:eKOpaTHB- |
ee OT HCKpHBJIeHHSI H3-3a HarpY3KH. |
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BA30H. |
1 EMKOCTb C |
3eMJIeH |
Il:JISI |
HaSl nOJlo'tl<:a He6oJIbmOrO BbIHoca, co |
BAHHhIH IIIKA<I>. BapHaHT BaHHbI, |
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)KHBbIX IIBeTOB, HMeIOIQaS! BH,lI Ba3bI HJIH |
cKpyrJIeHHbIMH pe6paMH, HJIH npoTSI- |
npH KOTOPOM rOJIOBa HJIH OTll:eJIbHble |
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ll:eKOpaTHBHoH |
KOP3HHbI. |
2 Ba3a - |
)KeHHbIH |
BbIcTyrr |
nOJIYKpyrJIOro |
ce'le- |
'laCTHTeJIa npHHHMaIOIIIero BaHHY OCTa- |
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31 |
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-31-
B |
BAHTEnATOP - BEHCKASI ME6Enb |
32 |
IOTCll BHe ~eHCTBHll rrapa H.lm rOpllqerO
B03~yxa, rrocTyrraIOru;HX B ~epCBllHHhIH
IIIKacp JIH60 KO)J{)'XH3 rrJIOTHOH MaTcpHH Ha ~ByX CToHKax.
BAHTEJIATOP. BeHmUJlRmop.
BAHTOBA5I <l>EPMA. KOHCTPYK~Hll H3 CTep)lmCH, HcrrhiThIBaIOru;all TOJIhKO YCHJIHll paCTll)J{CHHll.
BAHThl. AOrrOJIHHTeJlhHhIC KaHaThI
JIH60 TpOChI B 6UCR'lUX Mocmax H rro~o6-
HhIX KOHCTp'yK~HllX.
BAHqEC (=BareHIIIOC, BaHqYK, BaHqyc, BaH'fIOC,BaHIIIOC, BOHqac). OCTpOKaHTHhIH ~y60BhIH 6pyc (1) C TpCMll OTCcaHHhIMH rpaHllMH H 3aKpyrJICHHOH qCTBCPTOH CTOPOHOH, coxpaHllIOru;cH KOPY; yrroTPc6JIllJICll B HH)J{HHX qaCTllX CTpOCHHH.
BAHhKA. KpIOK ~JIll KOTJIa B JIorrap-
CKOH XH)J{lfHC.
BAllA. 1 )KH~Kall MaJillpHall KpacKa ~JIll oKpacKH CTCH. 2 PacTBop ~JIll 3aJIHBKH KHpIlHqa HJIH KaMHll rrpH B03BC~C HHH KaMCHHhIX cOOpY)J{CHHH.
12-13 ~IOHMOB H TOJIru;HHOH 10-11
AIOHMOB, yrroTPc6JIllBIIlHHCll ~JIll pacrrHJIOBKH Ha CTOJIllPHhIC ~OCKH H cpaHcpy.
BACI1JIIiK. EaaU/lUKa.
BACIiCAAC. <l>opTOqKa B OKHC HJIH
~BCpH.
BACbKA-PA3YBAHKA. HcrrO~BH)J{ Hall ~oru;CqKa C BhICMKOH ~JIll CHHMaHHll carror.
BATAfA. PhI6a~KHH rrOCCJIOK, BKJIIOqaIOru;HH B CC6ll ua6bt (1) H aeM/lRHKU, 6a6UJlOHbl, rrpHcTaHh, KphIThIC rrOMOCThI Ha CBallX.
BATYJIKA. llJICTCHhIH rrOJIOBHK pyqHOH pa60ThI.
BAIIIllEPT. MapHHcKoC KPCCThllHCKOC )J{HJIHru;C, COCTOllru;CC H3 ~ByX ~CpCBllH HhIX u36 (1) C 06ru;HMH CeHRMU rrocpe-
~HHC.
BBEPTHhIH IIIAHAAH. 3aKpCrrJICHHhIH Ha CTCHC rrO~CBCqHHK.
B fJIYXAPb. B /lany.
BEEPHhIH 3AMOK. 3aBcpIllcHHC rrcPCMhIqKH rrpocMa HJIH HHiliH HaJIO)J{CHHhIMH ~pyr Ha ~pyra Tparrc~HcBH~HhIMH
BEEPHbIH CBOA (=HopMaH~cKHH
CBO~). C600, orrHpaIOru;HHcll Ha yrJIOBhIC orrophI, OT KOTOPhIX BCCPOM KpyTO
rrO~HHMaIOTCll O~HHaKOBhIe H30rnYThIC
JIOrraCTH.
BE)KA. 1 BhICOTHOC cOOPY)J{CHHC H3
~cpCBa. 2 K/Oum.
BEKO. HaKJIOHHall 3aCTCKJICHHall BHTPHHa.
BEJIAMIiHA. 3aBcca.
BEJIAPIiH. PaBHoMcpHOC paC'fJICHCHHC opHaMcHTHpoBaHHoH BHYTPCHHCH nOBcpxHOCTH Kyno/la (1) HJIH KOHXU Ha Y3KHC BCPTHKaJIhHhIC ~OJIH.
BEJII1KI1E BPATA. aapcKue 6pama.
BAPA)KH5I. IIIaJIaill H3 JIarrHHKa,
XBOH.
BAPA q. BapuHI<a.
BAPBOPKA. Bop6opKa.
BAPI1HKA (=Bapaq). 060c06JICHHhIH HJIH YCTPOCHHhIH rrpH u36e CKOTHhIH
~BOp.
BAPI1CTA5I llEqh. PyccKaR ne'lb.
BAPKA. 3aroH ~JIll KpyrrHoro CKOTa.
BAPHHlI,A. 3aKphIToC rrOMcru;CHHC
~JIll BhIBapKH COJIH H3 COJIllHhIX paCTBOpOB.
BAPH5I. 3aBc~eHHc rro H3rOTOBJIeHHIO HarrHTKOB (rrHBa, Mc~a H rrp.).
BAPOK. KphITOC rrOMcru;eHHC ~JIll
JIOIlla~CH, HMCIOru;CC TOJIhKO 3a~HIOIO
CTCHY, a C TpCX CTOPOH OTKPhITOC BO
060P (1).
BAPTA. CTopo)J{cBall 6aUlHR Ha B03BhIIIICHlIH pCJIhccpa.
BAP5IKA. Epe6Ho (06hlqHO XBOHHhIX
nopo~) TOJIru;HHOH 3-4 BcpIIIKa B HH)J{-
HCM oTpy6c.
BACMJIEK (=nOJIYBaHqCC). KOpOTKHH
6aH'leC ~JIHHOH 3-7 apIIIHH, IIIHPHHOH
B ABA )KI1JIb5I 113EA. KPCCThllHCKOC
)J{HJIHru;C H3 ~BYX Cpy606: B O~HOM - C |
BEJII1KI1E ,QBEPl1. ,QBCpH, OT~CJlll |
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IOru;He npum60p OT nanepmu. |
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rrCqhIO - |
)J{HJIH |
3HMOH, B |
~pyroM |
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JICTOM. |
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BEJIYM. KpyrrHall opanupo6Ka, 3a- |
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B ABA CBETA. p6yc6emHblu. |
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KphIBaIOru;all npoxo~ UJIH CBCTOBOH rrpo- |
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eM (HarrpHMCp, |
CBCTOBOH rrOTOJIOK cpO- |
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B ABA IIIAPA KPbIIIIA. ABycKaTHOC |
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TOaTCJIhe) . |
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rroKphITHC. |
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BEH,QEPKA.rrCqH. |
Y cTyrr B OCHOBaHHH |
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BAOBIiH |
AOM. |
Eozaoe/lbHR |
~Jlll |
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B~OB, MY)J{hll KOTOPhIX HaXO~HJIHCh |
Ha |
BEHElI,. 3aMKHYThIH ropH30HTaJIhHhIH |
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rocy~apcTBeHHoH |
CJIY)J{6c |
(BOCHHOH |
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pll~ 6pe6eH HJIH 6pycbe6 B cpy6e. |
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JIH60 rpa)J{~aHCKOH) He MeHCC ~CCllTH |
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JICT. |
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BEHElI,MAHCKOE OKHO. Hma/lb- |
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B AOPO)KHI1KI1 |
OEPAEOTKA. |
RHCKoe OKHO. |
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llpocpHJIHpoBKa OKOHHhIX rrepCnJIeTOB. |
BEH3EJIb .. 0pHaMCHTaJIhHhIH Y3CJI H3 |
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BEBIiHA. BUl{a ~JIll rrcpCB1l3KH rraphI |
HaqaJIhHhIX 6YKB C06CTBCHHhIX HMeH. |
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.KOJIhCB |
H3ropO~H, |
O~HOBpeMCHHO |
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rroAAcp)J{HBaIOru;all )J{Cp~H orpa)J{~eHHll
(HarrpHMcp, rrJICTHll).
BEBT. 1 O~HocKaTHall Kp06/1R KpC-
CThllHCKHX rrocTpocK y KOMH-3hlpllH.
2 KPbtUW KPCCThllHcKoro ~OMa y KOMH-
rrCpMllKOB.
BEfJIOB5I3b. OCHOBROH CTOllqHH BaJi
BCTPllHOH MCJIhHH~hI, Bparu;aIOru;HH
)J{epHoBa.
BE,Q)KBY,Q. BKJIIOqCHHhIC B Mc6cJIh
~cKopaTHBHhIC BCTaBKH B BH~C 6CJIhIX
6ape/lbefjJo6 H3 aHrJIHHCKOro cpallHCa 6C3 rJIa3ypH.
BEAME,QMK. He6oJIhillOC HaJIHBHOe
KOJIeCO BO~llHOH MCJIhHH~hI, nOKphITOC
KO)J{YXOM.
BEHMK. EYKCT, rryK ~CTOB.
BEHMlI,EHCKA5I 5IPb. OqCHh npoqHall H llpKall MHHCpaJIhHall KpaCKa 3CJICHoro ~BCTa (B OCHOBC yKCyCHo-Mc~Hall
COJlh) , yrroTpc6JIllIOru;allCll AJill OKpaCKH KpblUl H HHhIX MamlpHhIX pa60T.
BEHCKA5I MEEEJIb. Mc6CJIh C rrJlCTCHhIMH TPOCTHHKOBhIMH BCTaBKaMH
-32-
B |
BEHTlIIl1S1TOP - BEPX HA APEBSIHO AE110 |
33 |
MeJK):IY OCHOBHbIX rHYTbIX 3JIeMeHTOB
KpyrJIOrO Ce'IeHIDI, HHOr):la C THCHeHOH
cpaHepoH.
3 ,lJ;JIHHa lIaxoTHoro 1I0JISl, ollpe):leJISleMaSl paccToSlHHeM MeJK):\Y 1I0BopoTaMH COXH Ha lIailiHe.
IO~HXCSl mbt'tK06 H JlOJICK06, a BepTHKaJIH ut606 COBlla):\aIOT 'Iepe3PSl):l.
BEPT. Bepmozpao.
BEHTI1JUITOP (=BeHTHJIaTOp, BaHTeJIaTop). 1 OTBepcTHe ):IJISl IIpHToKa CBeJKero B03):1yxa B KOMHaTY, C):IeJIaHHOe B CTeHe HJIH OKHe. 2 (=cpa6pH). MexaHH3M C JIOllaCTSlMH Ha OCH, lIepeMe~a IOIIl,HH B03):1YX B 1I0Me~eHHH.
BEHUOBA5I KPEIIb. Cpy6 H3 6pe6ell
HJIH 6pycbe6 (1), 1I0):l):lepJKHBaIO~HH
CTeHKH IIIaxTHoro KOJlOou,a (2).
BEHqAHME fJIACMCA. TpaHilieSl
Ha lIoBepxHocTH rJIaCHCa, HallpaBJIeHHaSl
B):IOJIb ero Zpe61lR
6peutb-6amapeu.
BEHqATA5I OfPA,lJ;A. 3anJlom.
BEHqAJOmml KAPHM3 (=maBHbIH
KapHH3). IIpOTSlJKeHHbIH HellpepbIBHbIH
BbICTyIl 110 BepxHeMY 06pe3Y CTeHbI.
BEHqMK. 1 3arHYTbIH TblJlbHbIH KpaH
paJtbu,e6oil, HJIH MapCeJlbCKOil, 'tepenu- U,bt. 2 Xopoc.
BEPAH,lJ;A. 1 IIpHMbIKaIO~ee K ):IOMY HJIH BCTPoeHHoe B Hero C yrJIa 3aCTeKJIeHHOe HeOTallJIHBaeMOe 1I0MeII\eHHe, 06bI'IHO YBHTOe CHapYJKH llJIIOII\OM. na6UJ1bOll C 3aCTeKJIeHHbIMH
BEP-,lJ;E-IIEPCMKO. MTaJIbSlHCKHH
MpaMop TellJIbIX TOHOB, YlloTpe6JISlB-
IIIHHCSl B PYCCKOH apxHTeKType ):IJISl OT):IeJIKH 1I0Me~eHHH.
BEP,lJ;)KMHAJI. BupzulIaJl.
BEPE)KKA. CocHoBoe HJIH eJIOBOe
6peBHo ):IJIHHOH 13 apIIIHH (9 M) H ):IHaMe-
TPOM BepiliKa CM).
BEPETEHO. 1 BaJI, sa KOTOPOM 3aKpeIlJleH 1I0):lBHJKHOH JKepHoB. 2 BepTHKaJIbHbIH CTepJKeHb nallUKaOUJIa.
BEPEXA. 1 CocHoBaSl HJIH eJIOBaSl
JKep):lb ):IJIHHOH He MeHee 10 M IIpH
1I0llepe'IHHKe8-11 CM, YlloTPe6JISleMaSl
IIpH CIIJIa'IHBaHHH6pe6ell. 2 )Kep):lb KpO-
BeJIbHOH o6peutemKu.
BEPE5I. 1 ,lJ;epeBSlHHbIH CTOJI6 ):IJISl HaBeCKH 1I0JIOTHHII\a BOpOT. 2 BOPOTHbIH KpIOK, HJIH noocma6, BMeCTe C 1I0JIOCOBOH lIeTJIeH Ha 1I0JIOTHHII\e BOpOT. 3 KOCRK, ):IBepHaSl npUmOJlOKa.
pa3):1eJISlIOII\HH 'Iacm B 3am60pe (4) llJIOTHHbI.
BEPE5IJIbHbII1: CTOJIE (=BepHaJIb-
HbIH CTOJI6). CTOJI6, KOTOPbIH CJIYJKHT
OCbIO ):IJISl 1I0BOpOTHOro KOJIeCa UI./l/030-
6btX BOpOT.
BEPEBOqKA. ,lJ;eKopaTHBHbIH 3JIe-
MeHT B BH):\e 6aJtUKa C lIapaJIJIeJIbHbIMH
KOCbIMH 3amy6JIeHIDIMH Ha paBHbIx pac-
CTOSlHHSlX.
BEP3E5I. IIpocBeT B OrpaJK):\eHHH, C):Ie-
JIaHHbIH ):IJISl IIpoxo):la HJIH IIpOe3):1a.
BEPMAJIbHbII1: CTOJIE. BepeRJIb-
llbtil cmoJl6.
BEPMHfA CMCTEMbl. IIpe):lHa3Ha- 'IeHHaSl):IJISl utnYllm06btX cBaH JKeJIe306eToHHaSl KOHCTPyK~IDI C apMamypou
(2) H3 o6yma6p06btX 6aJIOK, JKeCTKO
COe):lHHeHHbIX MeJK):\y C060H oTpe3KaMH
BEPTI1KAJIbHA5I OEB5I3KA. CTO- .
SlKH pUJIell'tamoil ):IBepH, COe):lHHeHHhIe
IIIHllaMH C 1I0Ilepe'IHHaMH.
BEPmKAJIbHAA llJIAHI1POBKA.
I1cKyccTBeHHoe H3MeHeHHe peJIbecpa B
CPYH~HOHaJIbHO-TeXHH'IeCKHX H KOMIIO-
3H~HOHHO-3CTeTH'IeCKHX ~eJISlX.
BEPTI1KAJIbHOE 03EJIEHEHME. YKpaIIIeHHe CTeH 3):1aHHH BbIOII\HMHCSl paCTeHHSlMH JIH60 C03):1aHHe CTeHOK H3 paCTHTeJIhHOCTH, pa3):1eJIMIOII\HX Y'IaCTKH lIapKa HJIH OT):IeJISlIOII\HX ero OT BHeIIIHero OKpYJKeHIDI.
BEPTI1KAJIbHbIE QJIEHEHI15I. PHTMH'IeCKHe BepmKaJIhHhIe BhICTyllhi JIH60 3amy6JIeHHSl Ha cpaca):le 3):1aHHSl, KOTopble 'IJIeHSlTero 110 ropH30HTaJIH.
BEPTI1KAJIbHbII1: CA,lJ;. 03eJIeHeHHe BHeIIIHeH CTeHhI 3):1aHHSl BhIOIIl,H- MHCSl paCTeHIDIMH Ha BbICOTy ):IByx H 60JIee 3TaJKeH.
BEPTMKAJIbHbII1: llIIIYHT. BepmKaJIhHhIH BhICTyIl KJlaOKU, HMeIO~HH rJIy6HHY B 1I0JIKHpIIH'IaH IIIHPHHY B KHPrrH'I- ):IJISl COe):lHHeHHSl 'IaCTeHKHprrH'I- Horo 3):1aHHSl, KOTophle KOHTpacTHhI rro BbICOTe H rrpH 06hI'IHOHrrepeBSl3Ke Ha HX CThIKe rrOJIY'IHJIH 6hI TpeIll,HHhI H3-3a HeO):lHHaKOBoH oCa):lKH CTeH.
ut6eJlJlep06, YZOJlK06, ma6p06.
BEPKI1. CaMoCTOSlTeJIbHbIe 'IaCTH060-
pOHHTeJIbHOrO YKpellJIeHIDI.
BEPMEJIb. II030JIo'IeHHoecepe6po.
BEPCTA. 1 IIpH):IOpOJKHbIH CTOJI6 C
0603Ha'IeHHeM'IHCJIaBePCT ):10 rOpO):lOB Ha KOH~ax ):Ioporn. 2 JIH~eBoH pSl):l KHPIIH'Ia HJIH KaMHSl, Ollpe):leJISlIOII\HH OCTaJIbHYIO KJlaoKY CTeHbI. 3 1l0Ilepe'I- HbIe H IIpO):lOJIbHhle pSl):lbI KPYIIHOro KaMHSl B 6YJlblJlClloil MOCTOBOH, 110 KOTOPbIM paBHSlIOT OCTaJIbHOH KaMeHb.
BEPCTAK. CTOJI HJIH CKaMhSl, HMe-
IOII\He Clle~aJIhHble IIPHCIIOCo6JIeHHSl
):IJISl PY'IHOHpa60ThI.
BEPTJIJOf. 1 IIeTJISl HJIH KpIOK ):IJISl HaBeCKH rrOJIOTHH~a BOpOT. 2 mapllup, HarrpHMep, y KpblilieK B Kopo6bRX (2).
BEPTOfPA,lJ;. 1 OrOpOJKeHHbIH
2 IIJIO):lOBhIH ca):l. 3 UBeTHHK.
BEPTOK. IIOBOPOTHhIH 3arrop ):IBepH HJIH OKHa.
BEPTbl. M3BHJIHCThle ):IOPOJKKH
HJIH neU3a:JJC1l0Z0 napKa.
BEPTJOfMEH. 1 1l0KPbITbIH
110M OTKOC, orpaHH'IHBaIOII\HHpezyJlRpllbtU Y'IaCTOK lIapKa. 2 TeppaCUp06alllloe lIapKoBoe B03BblIIIeHHe C 1I0JIYKPYrJIhIMH cTYlleHSlMH H CTpHJKeHOH 3eJIeHOH CTeHKoH.
BEPCTOBA5I KJIA,lJ;KA (=roTH'IeC- BEP<I>b. MeCTO Ha 6epery KPYIIHOro
KaSl, 1I0JIhCKaSl, PYCCKaSl, cTapopyccKaSl). |
BO):lOeMa, IIpe):lHa3Ha'IeHHOe):IJISl CTPOH- |
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KHpIIH'IHaSl |
KJlaOKa, Ha |
JIH~eBOH |
TeJIbCTBa, peMoHTa H xpaHeHHSl BoeH- |
lIoBepxHocTH KOTOPOH KaJK):\hIH roPH- |
HbIX JIH60 Kyrre'IeCKHXCY):IOB. |
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30HTaJIbHbIH |
pSl):l COCTOHT H3 |
'Iepe):lY- |
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BEPX. 1 Qep):Ia'IHOe IIpocTPaHcTBo.
2 UapcKHH o6opeu, (1), 60raThIH 6apCKHH AOM. 3 OTBepcTHe ):IOMeHHOH lIe'IH.
BEPX HA ,lJ;PEB5IHO ,lJ;EJIO. 3aBep-
IIIeHHe 3):1aHHSl KaMeHHhIM utampOM C
KPYTbIMH llJIOCKHMH rpaHSlMH.
-33-
B |
BEPXHEliOMHOE KOnECO - B IIIrny |
34 |
BEPXHEBOHHOE KOJIECO (=Bep- |
BETPEHI1I~A. 1 BeTpHHaH MeJIbHIn~a. |
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Xo6oHHoe KOJIeco). KOJIeco BO));HHOH |
2 KaX<f\aH H3 )Kep));eH HJIH XBOPOCTHH, |
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MeJIbHHIl;bI, KOTopoe rrpHBO));HTCH B ));BH- |
rrpH)l{HMalO~ |
COJIOMeHHYIO Kp08/l10, |
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)KeHHe BO));OH, rrOCT)'IIalO~eH rro )KeJIo6y |
));JIH ee 3a~HTbI OT pa3pyweHHH BeTpoM |
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cBepxy. |
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H OCa));KaMH. 3 IIpocTPaHcTBo 'lepoa7ca |
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BEPXHEE OKRO. Y3KHH |
roPH30H- |
HJIH BbICOKHH rroMocT, |
rrpHcrroco6JIeH- |
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Hble ));JIH CyWKH 6eJIbH, BHJIeHbH PbI6bI H |
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TaJIbHbIH rrpoeM ));JIH BbIXO));a ));bIMa, c));e- |
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T. rr. 4 Pe3HaH BepTHKaJIbHaH ));OCKa, Ha |
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JIaHHbIH B BepXHeH qaCTH CTeHbI KYPHOU |
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Top~e |
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3aKPbIBaIO~aH |
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ua6bt, qepHOH 8apHU14bt H T. ));. |
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KOHbKa, |
CTbIK |
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npU'lelluH. |
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BEPXHEE CTPOEHHE. PeJIbCOBbIH |
BETPEHKA. |
1 "'" |
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rrpo- |
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rryTb BMeCTe C6aJIJIaCTOM (~e6eHb, rpa- |
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'¥OpTOqKa ));JIH |
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BHH, WJIaK, rreCOK rro)); wrraJIaMH). |
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BeTPHBaHHH JIH60 OT));ywHHK B cTeH.e. |
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2 CP/llozep. |
3 CP/l,/OZapKa. |
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BEPXHHH CBET. 1 BepXHHH PH)); |
BETPOBOH |
KPIOqOK. |
)l(eJIe3HbIH |
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OKOH, pacrrOJIO)KeHHbIX B rrOMe~eHHH Ha |
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));ByX HJIH 60JIee |
ypOBHHX. 2 BepxHHH |
KPlOqOK ));JIH 3aKpeIIJIeHHH CTBOPKH OT- |
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ypOBeHb OKOHHoro rrpoeMa. |
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KpbITOro OKHa. |
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BEPXHHH YrOJI. KpaCHbtU Y20Il. |
BETPO,I1;YH |
(=BeTp0));YHHoe KOJIeCO, |
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BeTporoH). BeHmUllRmop (2). |
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BEPXHHK. 1 OTBepcTHe B rrOTOJIKe |
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ua6bt (1), rrpe));Ha3HaqeHHOe ));JIH OTBO));a |
BEqEBAHhE (=Be%). 1 Co6opHaH |
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));bIMa H3 KYPHOU rreqH, KOTOPbIH CHa- |
IIJIO~a));b. |
2 BaUtHR (1) C KOJIOKOJIOM, |
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qana rroCTyrran Ha 'lepOaK (1) H JIHWb |
C03b1BalO~HM Ha Beqe. |
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rrOTOM H3-rrO)); KP081lU Hapy~. 2 Bepx- |
BEqEBA5I |
H3BA. |
KaH~eJIHpHH, B |
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HHH )KepHOB Ha MeJIbHHIl;e. |
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KOTOPOH OCPOPMJIHJIHCb peweHHH Beqa. |
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BEPXHHUA. Ha));cTPoeHHble Ha)); oc- |
BEIllAJIKA. KplOK ));JIH rrO));BeCKH KO- |
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HOBHbIM 06'beMOM ));epeBHHHoro |
));OMa |
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JIbI6eJIH. |
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mepeMoK (2), 2OpHu14a HJIH 'lepOa'lOK. |
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BEIllAJIO. 1 IIoMe~eHHe BbICOTOH B |
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BbtUtKa (2), c8emellKa, 63Py60K. |
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BEPXOBOHHOE KOJIECO. BepxHe- |
HeCKOJIbKO |
3Ta)I{eH |
cpa6p}lqHOrO |
KOp- |
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rryca JIH60 |
oco6oe |
3));aHHe, |
B KOTOPOM |
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60uHoe KOlleco. |
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pa3BeIIIHBalOT TKaHH BO BCIO ));JIHHY |
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BEPXOBA5I |
CTOPOHA. |
IIoBepx- |
KycKa - |
));JIH CyWKH rrOCJIe 6eJIeHHH HJIH |
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HOCTb TeJIa nIlOmUHbt, o6pa~eHHaH K |
KpaweHHH. 2 ropoob6a (1) ));JIH CyWKH |
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Harropy BO));bI. |
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CHorrOB, HeBO));OB H T. ));. |
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BEPXOBHHK. |
B03BbIWeHHaH |
yKpe- |
BEIllKE3EM. Mopza 33eM. |
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rrJIeHHaH qaCTb 2Opooa (1, 2). |
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BEIllKH. 3aTBopHble ~HTbI rrpH BO));O- |
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BEPXQBOH |
OBHH. 08UH |
B |
BH));e |
crrycKe nIlOmUHbt, C));eJIaHHbIe H3 OOCOK |
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(1), KOTopbIe rrpH6HTbI K paMe H3 6pyc- |
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));BYX3TIDKHoro cpy6a, 6e3 HMbI B HH)K- |
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K06 Crrorrepe'I1ffiaMH. |
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HeH qaCTH. |
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BEIllH5IK. 1 OTBepcrne B nIlOmUHe, |
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rrporrycKalO~ee |
rraBO));KOBbIe |
BO));bI. |
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2 BO));HHaH MeJIbHH~a yrrpo~eHHoro TH- |
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rra, pa60TalO~aH TOJIbKO rrpH BbICOKOM |
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ypoBHe BO));bI B peKe, OTqerO MeJIbH}lq- |
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HbIe KOJIeCa rrpHrrO));HHTbI Ha)); Me)KeH-
HbIM (cpe));HHM) ypoBHeM. 4 IIo));'beM-
HbIH 3am60p (4) B rrJIOTHHe.
BEIllH5IqHhIH ,I1;BOP. qacTb BO));O- eMa rrepe)); rrpope3aMH 3aBO));CKOH nIlOmUHbt, orOpO)KeHHaH C6aR.MU ));JIH 3a- ~bI ee OT Harropa JIb));a H HaHOCHoro JIeca.
BEPIllH5IK. IIO));'beMHbIH 3am60p
MeJIbH}lqHOH nIlOmUHbt.
BECTHBIOJIh. 1 IIpocTopHoe rrOMe- ~eHHe rrepe)); napa));HOH JIeCTHH~eH,
3aIlOM, za/lepeeu, mujJUIlaoou. 2 06WHpHaH rrpHXO)KaH.
BEP-KEPKA. OXOTH}lqbH H36YWKa
KOMH-3bIpHH.
B )l(E.rrOB. 1,I1;peBHeHwHH BH)); TeCOBOH KP06IlU, B KOTOPOM TeCHHbI, CrryCKaHCb OT KOHbKa, yIIHpalOTcH HH)l{HHMH KOH- ~aMH B )KeJIo6, YKperrJIeHHblH Ha Kypu- ~X. 2 BH)); ));epeBHHHoH KP06IlU, B KOTOPOM BMeCTO TeCHH YJIO)KeHbI rrpO));OJIb-
HbIe rrOJIOBHHKH 6pe6eH C BbI));OJI6JIeH-' HOH Cep));~eBHHOH, rrOOqepe));HO o6pa- ~eHHbIe TO BHH3, TO BBepx, rrepeKpbIBaH rrpOMe)KYTKH.
B3AKPoH. IIOKpbITHe rripH30HTaJIbHO YJIO)KeHHbIMH TeCHHaMH B O));HH CJIOH, C HarrycKoM KaX<f\OH BepxHeH TeCHHbI Ha HH)l{HIOIO.
B 3AMET. KOHCTPyK~HH ));epeBHHHoH orpa));bI H3 ropH30HTaJIbHbIX OOCOK (1), BCTaBJIeHHbIX KOH~aMH B BeprnKaJIbHble 'rra3bICTOJI6oB.
B3AChIQKY. KHprr}lqHaH KllaoKa C
H36b1TOqHbIM pacTBopoM, BbIcTyrra-
IO~HM H3 Ut606.
B3BO,I1;. C600.
B3BO,I1;HhIH MOCT. MOCT, B03Be-
));eHHbIH Ha C6aRX.
B3B03 (=B3Bo3be). 'HaKJIOHHbIH HaCTHJI ));JIH B'be3));aB030B co o60pa (1) KpeCTbHHcKOH yca));b6bI B CKJIa));CKOe rrOMe~eHHe Ha nooKlleme.
B3rJIABhE (=B3roJIOBOK, B3rOJIOBbe).
HaKJIOHHOe ));epeBHHHoe H3rOJIOBbe B
BH));e TpeyrOJIbHOH npH3MbI, YKJIa));bIBae-
Moe Ha JIaBKY, 6aHHbIH nOIlOK H T.));.
B3rOJIOBAIIIEK (=H3roJIOBaweK, rrpHrOJIOBaweK). H3rOJIOBbe B BH));e JIap~a Ha CKaMbe ));JIH crraHbH.
B3JIA3. JIecTHH~a (HarrpHMep, Ha KperrOCTHYIO CTeHY) , rrOMOCT, o6JIerqa- IO~HH rrpO));BIf)I{eHHe BBepx.
B3MOCT. IIpeoMocmbe (2).
B30PHOE MECTO. CTOpO)KeBOH
nOCT.
B3PYB. 1 ,I1;epeBHHHaH nOonopHaR
CTeHKa. 2 Cpy6. 3 IIopy6.
B3PYBOK. Ha));CTPOHKa Ha)); ua60u (1),
HJIH XOpOMaMH: 6btUtKa, c8emellKa, 20peHKa (1).
B3'bE3)1(HH ,I1;BOP. 1 IIocmoRllbtu
060p. 2 MOPCKaH rrpHcTaHb.
BHA,I1;YK. IIpHIIO));HHTbIH Ha)); 3eMJIeH neWeXO));HbIH JIHGO rrpoe3)1{Hil: MOCT, rro)); KOTOPbIM HeT BO));HOH rrperpa));bI.
BHBHAHHT. qepHaH KpacKa C CHHeBaTbIM OTTeHKOM, HCrrOJIb30BaBWaHCH B MaJIHPHbIX pa6oTax.
B HrJIY. CrrocoG yKJIa));KH 6pe6eH B CTeHax, py6JIeHHbIX C OCTaTKOM, KOr):~a 'laUta ));eJIaeTCH y 60JIee TOJICTOrO KOH-
-34-
B |
B~3AHT~H~ nn~TA - B~TPA)I{ |
35 |
~a, a TOHKHil: Bpe3aeTCSI B 6peimo nonepe'lHOHCTeHhI.
BH3AHTHHH IIJIHTA. )KeJIe306eTOHHaSI 6aJIKa C OTBepCTIDIMII MeX<JIY Y'laCTKaMH,oco6eHHo nO~Bep}l{eHHblMII C}I{aTHIO, paCTSI}I{eHHIO MH H3rH6y.
BHJIKA. 1 Cnoco6 coe~HHeHIDI ~epe
BSlHHhIX 6pycbe6 no~ yrJIOM, ~JISI '1eroB npocBepJIeHHOM KOHQe O~Horo 6pycKa ~eJIaeTCSI rra3, a Ha npoCBepJIeHHOM KOHQe ~pyroro - umYHmo6blu BhIcTyrr. 2 Ha'laJIopaa:JICeJ/,o61Ca - MeCTO rrepece- '1eHHSIrroBepxHocTH 1CpblutU C 1COHb1COM CJ/,YX06020 O1CHa HJIH ~pyroH, 60JIee HH3KOH KphIIIIH.
BRTI.TIA. KOMq,opTa6eJIhUbIH 3aropo~ HhIH OC06HR1C C napKoM, pacrrOJIO}l{eHUbIH B aq,q,eKTHoM rreH3a}I{HOM oKp)')KeHHH.
BHMA. U;eHTPaJIhHaSi '1aCTh QJ/,mapR
(1), B KOTOPOH HaxO~HTCSI npecmoJ/,.
BHMTIEPr. muneu, C O'leHhKPYThIMH CKaTaMH, 3aBepmaIOm;HH: nopmQJ/, JIH60
HQJ/,U'tHU1C.
rrOJIOBHHe XIX B. KaK 6aJIKH ~JISI rrOTO- |
BHC.sIqA5I |
JIOTIATKA. |
JIonam1Ca, |
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JIO'lHhIXrrepeKphITHH. |
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HH}I{HHii: KOHe~ KOTOPOH: He orrn:paeTCSI |
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BHPrHHAJI |
(=BHp~}I{HHaJI, |
Bep~}I{H |
Ha U,01COJ/,b, |
nOCmaMeHm |
JIH60 HHOH: |
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HaJI). He6oJIhmOH KJIaBeCHH |
C '1eTbI- |
BhIcTyrr H OKp~eH q,OHOM CTeHhI. |
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pexyrOJIhHOH |
OTKH~HOH KpblmKOH:, |
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06b1'1HO |
YKpameHHOH: ~eKOpaTHBHOH |
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POCIIHChIO |
1'1 HarroMHHaIOm;eH: cmoJ/,eut- |
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HUU,y. |
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BHC.sIqA5I CTEHA. CTeHa, TSI}I{eCTb KOTOPOH rrepe~aeTCSI He Ha ee OCHOBaHHe, a Ha ~yrHe CTeHhI JIH60 Ha KapKac coopY}l{eHIDI.
BHC.sIQHE CTPOTIHJIA. CmponUAa
6e3 rrpOMe}l{YTO'lHbIXorrop.
BHPEH,[(EM EA1IKA. Pa3HoBMHOCT!. }l{eJIe306eTOHHOH: fjJepMbl, rr03BOJISlIOm;aSI rrepeKpblTh 6e3 npoMe~TO'l HhIX orrop npOJIeT ~o copoKa MeTPoB.
BHCEJIhrA. TIorrepe'lHas. }l{ep~h ceMY}l{Horo aa60pa (2).
BHH,IJ;ABA (=B rrpHThI'IKY).TIeprreH- ~HKyJISIpHOe npHMblKaHHe KpbIToro KpeCTbSlHCKoro o6opa (2) K cepe~HHe ~JIHH
HOH: CTOPOHhI U36bt (1).
BHHOrpAp;HHU;A. TeIIJIH~a ~JISI BbI-
pam;HBaHIDI CTOJIOBOrO BHHorpa~a.
BHHTEP-KBAPTHPhI. 3HMHHe rrOMe- m;eHIDI ~JISI BOHCK.
BHHTOBA5I JIECTHHU;A. JIecTHH- ~a, COCTOlIID;aSI 1'13 O~HHaKOBbIX aa6e:JICHbtx cmyneHeU.
BHHTOBO-KOJIhU;EBOI1 CBO,IJ;. TIepeKpblTHe ~yroo6pa3Horo Ce'leHIDI,
rro~~ep}I{HBaIOm;ee 6UHm06Y1O J/,ecm-
Ituu,y MH JIeCTHH'IHbleMaputU C 3aKpyrJIeHHblM rrOBopOTOM npOMe}l{YTO'lHhIX
IIJIOm;a~OK.
BHHThI. rOpH30HTaJIhHble ~hIMOBhIe KaHaJIbI B ne'lH.
BHHhOJI.sI PEJIhChI. CTaJIbHble
peJIhCbI C mHpOKHM rrJIOCKHM OCHOBa-
HHeM H CHMMeTPH'IHOH O~HHapHOH:
rOJIOBKOH, npHMeHSlBmHecSi BO BTOPOH
BHCJIA5I TIO,IJ;BOJIOKA. 1 ,IJ;epeBSlH- |
BHC.sIQH11: |
3AMOK |
(=BblCTaBHB- |
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HblH rrOTOJIOK Ha 1CpOHutmeuHax. 2 TIo~ |
mHHCSI 3aM6K). 3aM1C06btU 1CaMeHb, |
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BeCHoe YKpameHHe rrOTOJIKa, BKJIIO'IaIO- |
3aMeTHO BhICTYIIaIOm;HH HH}I{e apO'lHOH: |
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m;ee B ce6S1 npoce'tHoe |
:JICeJ/,eao, OT- |
~yrH. |
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JIHBKH 1'13OJIOBa 1'1CJIIO~y. |
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BHCJIOE KAMEHhE. Pe3HaSi KaMeH- |
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HaSI zupb1Ca rro~ BHCSI'IeH:nRmOU CMhIKa- |
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IOm;HXCSI apo1C. |
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BHCJIhIH |
PYH,IJ;YK. |
TIo~BecHble |
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rrOJIKH co CTBopKaMH JIH60 3a~BH}l{HblMH |
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CTeHKaMH. |
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BHCJIhIH illAH,IJ;AH. BHCSI'IHH: rro~- |
BHC.sIQHH MOCT. MOCT, Y KOToporo |
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CBe'lHHK,rrpoo6pa3 JIIOCTPhI. |
npoe3}1{aSI '1aCTh rrO~~ep}I{HBaeTCSI |
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BHCTA. Y3KaSI rrapKOBaSI rrepcrreKTHBa |
IISIMH HJIH TPocaMH, 3aKpeIIJIeHHbIMH Ha |
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6epery. |
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MeX<JIY rrapaJIJIeJIhHblMH |
rrJIOCKOCTSlMH |
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3eJIeHH, HarrpaBJIeHHaSI K KOMrr03H~HOH |
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HOMY a~eHTy (apXHTeKrypHoe coopy- |
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CKyJIhIITYPHhIH |
MOHYMeHT, |
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XOJIM, Bo~oeM HJIH q,OHTaH, OCBem;eHHaSi |
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rroJISlHa B KOH~e 3aTeHeHHOH aJIJIeH, |
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o6oco6JIeHHOe ~epeBO OpHrHHaJIhHOH: |
BHC.sIQHH |
CAp; |
(=BepxoBoH |
ca~, |
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q,OPMbI). |
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KpacHhIH c~). C~, YCTPoeHHbIH Ha |
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BHCTHHrAY3EHA TIEQh. Boaoyut- |
CHJIhHO nO~HSlTOM HCKyccTBeHHoM OCHO- |
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HaR ne'tb, |
B KOTOPOH: npHTOK B03~yxa |
BaHHH. |
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C03~aBaJICSI 6eHmUARmopOM (2). |
BHTAJIhHHu;A. |
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BHCTH.sIPH.sI. 1 lliaTSIHaSI KOMHaTa, rap~epo6HaSI. 2 COKpOBHm;HH~a.
BHC.sIQA.sI rA1IEPE.sI. rQJ/,epeR (1)
Ha 1CpOHutmeuHax.
BHC.sIQA5I JIECTHHu;A. He HMe-
IOm;aSI cToJI6'1aTbIXorrop JIeCT~a,
rreHH KOTOPOH:
KOHQOM B 1CJ/,ao1CY CTeHbI, a ~pyroH
OCTaeTCSI He3aKpenJIeHHbIM.
cmpaHHonpuitMHblu OOM. 2 )KHJIaSI KOMHaTa, 2OpHuu,a. 3 CTOJIOBaSI.
BHTA5I TIHJI.sICTPA. IIUARcmpa, rro CTBOJIY KOTOPOH rrpoxo~ rrapaJIJIeJIhHhIe HaKJIOHHbIe :JICeJ/,o61Cu, 6QJ/,U1CU (2) JIH60 ZUPJ/,RHObl.
BHTPA)K. 1 3anOJIHeHHe npoeMa opHaMeHTaJIhHOH: HJIH CIO}I{eTHOH KOM- rro3H~eH H3 pa3Ho~eTHhIX CTeKOJI.
-35-
B |
BHCI)AHHSI - BOAHOE CTEKnO |
36 |
2 3aCTeKJIeHHe 06nIHpHOM. rroBepxHoCTH, pa3~eJIeHHOe MaJI03aMeTHbIMH rrepeIIJIeTaMH.
BM<I>AHM51. ApXHTeKTypHo-rrapKO-
BbiM. KOMrrJIeKC rrpH MOHaCTblpe, CHMBO-
JIH3HPYIOIIl,HM. rreM.3a)!{ H coopy)!{eHH5I, C
KOTOPbIMH CB5I3aHbI C06bITH5I eBaHreJIb-
CKOM. HCTOpHH.
BMXPEBA51 P03ETKA. KpymbIM.
~eKopaTHBHbIH 3JIeMeHT, H3 I.\eHTpa
KOToporo paCXO~51TC5I O~HOCTopOHHe
BhlrHYThIe ~yrH O~HOM. H TOM. )!{e KpHBH3HbI (cp.: B CnUpa.J1b).
BMUA. 1 rH6KHH rrpyT B rraJIeI.\ TOJIIIl,H- HOM., rrpHMeH5IeMhIM. ~JI5I rrepeB5I3KH cjJaUtUH H cpanIHHHhIX KaHaTOB, a TaK)!{e
~JI5I YKperrJIeHH5I ooeJ/Co Kpymocmeu. 2 Be6uHa. 3 Pa3MO'IaJIeHHbIHXBOPOCT, 3aMeH5IIOIIl,HH BepeBKy.
B KBA,lJ,PAT. BbIKJIa~Ka c600a H3 KHPrrH'Ia,C03~aIOIIl,a51 pIiCYHOK BJIO)!{eHHhIX
~pyr B ~pyra KBa~paToB, C HeCOBrra~e
HHeM rrOrrepe'IHbIX Ut606 B coce~HHX
p5l~ax.
B KMPIIMl.JMK. Crroc06 HaKJIeHKH
U{um06020 napKema rrp5lMoyrOJIbHhIMH
~OIIl,e'IKaMH (K.J1emwu) rro rrapaJIJIeJIb-
HbIM 3Hr3araM CH3JIOMaMH B 90°.
KJIeM.KOM. ero 3JIeMeHTOB cpaHepOM. y)!{e Ha MeCTe HX yKJIa~KH.
B KPYrJIYIO. B .J1any.
B KPIOK. Py6Ka CTeH C BblcTyrraIOIIl,HMH 3a KpaM. cpy6a KOHI.\aMH 6pe6eH, y KOTOPbIX Kperre)!{Ha51 BbIeMKa ~eJIa eTC5I B 'IeTBepTbKpyra, C BepTHKaJIbHbIM rrOrrepe'IHbIMcpe30M.
BJIA,lJ,bIl.JHbII1 ,lJ,BOP. KOMrrJIeKC, coopy)!{eHHbIM. rrpH 0CPHI.\HaJIhHOM. pe3H- ~eHI.\HH apXHepe51 (CM. ApxuepeucKuu OOM).
B JIAIIY (=B KpymyIO, B Illarr, B rJIyxapb, Ha KOKC). Coe~HHeHHe 6pe6eH HJIH 6pycbe6 B yrJIy cpy6a 6e3 Bblxo~a HX KOHI.\OB 3a rrJIOCKOCTb CTeHbI.
B JIAC. OTecKa BHyTpeHHHx cTeHcpy6a
rro~ e~HHyIO rrnOCKOCTb CHH3Y ~oBepxy,
rrpH coxpaHeHHH 3aKpyrJIeHH5I 6pe6eH B yrJIax.
BHEIIIHME IIPMCTPOI1KM. <l>0PTHcpHKaI.\HOHHble coopy)!{eHH5I, rrpHMbIKaIOIIl,He co CTOPOHbI OCa~aIOIIl,HX K rJIaBHOMY 6a.J1y (1) YKperrJIeHH5I.
BHEIIIHMI1 IIPECTOJI. CO.J1eR.
BHEIIIHMI1 IIPMTBOP. llanepmb.
B HO)J(OBKY. Crroco6 rrO~IllHBKH rrOTOJIKa HJIH 06IllHBKH CTeH OOCKaMU (1), y KOTOPhIX ~JIHHHbIM. KpaM. cpe3aH rro~ 45° (cp.: BHan.J1aoKY).
BHYTPEHHEE KPbillbUO. JIecT-
HHI.\a rrpH Bxo~e B ~OM, Y KOTOPOH O~Ha
HJIH ~Be cTyrreHH HaXO~51TC5I cHapY)!{fl, a
OCTaJIhHhle - B ceHRX.
BHYTPEHHMI1 KAPHM3. 1 IIITYKaTypHa51 rrpocpHJIMpOBaHHa51 mR2a rro Bepxy CTeH B rrOMeIIl,eHH5IX. 2 IIITYKaTYPHaS! mR2a rro KpaIO rrOTOJIKa.
BHYTPEHH5151 IIJ:EKA. BepTHKaJIh-
Ha5I 60KOBa51 rrOBepXHOCTb JIeCTHHI.\bI,
06paIIl,eHHa51 BHYTPb .J1eCmHU'lHOU
K.J1emKU.
B OEJIO (=B 'IaIlly,B 'IaIllKY).CaMbIM. pacrrpOCTpaHeHHbIH BH~ py6KH 6peBeH- 'IaTbIXCTeH C ocmamKOM; ~JI5I 3Toro y KOHI.\OB 6peoeH cBepxy ~eJIaeTC5I rrOJIyKpyrna51 BbleMKa, orH6aIOIIl,a51 BbIIlleJIe- )!{aIIl,ee 6peBHO.
BOBJIbII1. PenbecpHbIH, KpyrJIbIH.
B MOCT. PacrrOJIO)!{eHHe naBOK B~onh Bcex CTeH BHyTpH na.J1ambl HJIH U36bl.
B HArpA,lJ,. IIapannenbHoe CrrJIa'IHBaHHe Tpex 6peoeH rrYTeM Bhlpy6KH IllrryHTa TparreI.\HeBH~Horo Ce'IeHH5I B BepxHeM 6peBHe H COOTBeTCTBYIOIIl,HX cHMMeTpH'IHbIX rra30B B ~ByX HH)!{HHX 6peBHax.
BOEJIbII1 IIO,lJ,KJIET. CBO~'IaTOe
rrO~BanbHoe HJIH n0.J1yno06a.J1bHOe rrOMe-
IIl,eHHe.
B OEOJIOHb. Py6Ka u36bt H3 HeTecaHbIX H HeCTporaHbIX 6pe6eH.
B OEPE3 (=rro~cKpe6Ka). 06pa60TKa Ut6a, rrpH KOTOPOH H36bITOK CTpOHTeJIbHoro paCTBopa rrJIOCKO cpe3aH ~O JIHI.\e- BOM. rrOBepXHOCTll.
BOrHYTA51 APKA. ,lJ,eKopaTHBHoe rrepeKpbITlle B BH~e ~yr, 06paIIl,eHHbIX BbIIIYKJIOCTbIO BHYTPb rrpoeMa.
BKJIA,lJ,hIIIIM. BepTHKaJIbHble BaJIHKH C 3aKpyrJIeHHhIMH KOHI.\aMH, pacrroJIo- )!{eHHhle Me~y pe6paMH KaHl-le.J1l0p B HH)!{HeM. 'IaCTH K0.J10HHbl co 6Cmpe'l- Hbl.MU KaHHe.J1l0paMU.
B KOCYIO KOP3MHKY. Crroc06 HaCTHJIKH U{um06020 napKema C 06-
BHAKM,lJ,KY (=BHaTpycKY). IIpocTeHIllHH THrr conOMeHHOH KpOO.J1U, rrpH KOTOPOM COJIOMy, paBHoMepHo pa36pocaHHYIO rro ~epeB5IHHoMy HaCTHJIY, rrpH- )!{HMaJIH )!{ep~51MH OT BepIllHHbI K cBecy.
BHAIIJIABKY. BbICTHJIKa rrOJIa TeCH-
HaMH, Ha~BHHyTbIMH O~Ha Ha ~pyryIO
~JIHHHbIMH CKOIlleHHbIMH KpOMKaMH
(cp.: B HO:J/C06KY).
BHATPYCKY. BHaKuoKY.
BHEIIIHME IIOMEIIJ:EHM51. Ba.J1KOHbt (1, 2), .J1oo:J/Cuu, OTKpbITble w.J1epeu (1), 6epaHObt (1), meppaCbt (1) H maM6YPbt, rrpHMbIKaIOIIl,He K HapY)!{HOH
CTeHe 3~aHH5I.
BO,lJ,HOE CTEKJIO (=CTeKJIO <l>YKca). PaCTBopHMoe B Kllrr5lTKe CBeTJIOe rrOKpbITHe ~epeB5IHHbIX, MeTaJIJIH'IeCKHX HnH KepaMH'IeCKHXH3~eJIHH, HMeIOIIl,ee 6JIeCT5IIIl,YIO rrOBepXHOCTb H 3aIIl,HIIl,aIOIIl,ee fIX OT Kone6aHHM. TeMrrepaTYPbI, HCTHpaHH5I H CblpOCTH.
-36-
B |
B OAHY CK06KY - BOnOTOBASI KPblWA |
37 |
B OJJ;HY CKOBKY. OTeCKa KOHH'IeC- |
BOJJ;PY)l(AJlbHbII1: KPECT. BOChMH- |
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KHX CTBOJIOB AepeBa AO n;HJIHHApa - AJUI |
KOHe'lHhIHAepeBHHHhIH KpecT Ha nOAHO- |
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)KHH, YCTaHaBJIHBaBWHHcH npH 3aKJIaAKe |
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BOJJ;HbIE KYHiliThI. cpOHTaHhI C |
n;epKoBHoro 3AaHIDI Ha MeCTe 6YAYIn;erO |
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YCTpOHCTBa Ha BOAHOH OCHOBe. |
BOMHOE CTEKJIO. PaCTBOpHMruI B |
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BOJJ;OBol1:. CpeAlOOI, caMruI MOrn;HruI |
ropg'leHBOAe CTeKJIOBHAHruI Macca (B |
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Harpy3KY OT ee coopyx<eHHH. |
BOJJ;.HHol1: B3BOJJ;. BOAOnOA"beMHOe |
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BOJJ;OB3BOJJ;HMI BAillIDI. Baul1tR |
YCTPOHCTBO. |
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(1)C BOAOnOA"beMHhIM ycrpOHCTBOM BOMHOI1: TIO<t>5IK. HanOJIIDIeMOe
BHYTPH. |
BOAOH HCKyccTBeHHoe yrJIy6JIeHHe nOA |
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BOAOCJIHBOM naOmUllbl, B KOTopoe 6heT |
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nMalOIn;HH cBepxy nOTOK. |
BOEHHMI BYJJ;KA. ByolCa BOem{1l1l.
BOEHHMI KPACKA. MaJIHPHruI
KpacKa AJIH nOKphITIDI 60JIhWHX nOBepx-
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BOEHHMI YJIMI(A. JJ;opora BAOJIh
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n;HOHHhIH KaHaJI B PY]."(HHKe.
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B03JJ;YllIHhII1: KMPllMlJ. 1 JIe.Mna'l.
2 CaMall.
B03JJ;YllIHhII1: TEATP. TeaTp rro]."( OTKphIThIM HeGoM.
B03JIOXEHME. KanUme/l,b.
BOI1:O. Bau.
BOI1:CKOBMI M3BA. BOHCKOBruI·
Kaun;eJIHPHH Ka3aKOB.
BOK3AJI. 1 (=BaKCaJI, BOKCaJI, BOKCraJI). 3aropo]."(HhIH 3aJI ]."(JIH Taun;eB H
BOJJ;OB3BOJJ;HbII1: JIAPb. |
BOAoeM |
BaAOB (1) BHYTpH KpenocTH - AJIH nepe- |
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MeIn;eHHj{ BOHCK H npHllacoB K Kpeno- |
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BHYTPH |
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BOAOnOA"beMHOrO |
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B03BOJJ;HhII1: MOCT. 1 llOA"beMHhIH |
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PacnOJIO)KeHHOe |
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HHe Cne%lO, B KOTOpylO BMa3aH KOTeJI. |
B03BhIIIIEHME CBOJJ;A (HJIH apKH). |
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BOJJ;OMET. JIomolC (2) |
AJIH |
OTBOAa |
BepTHKaJIhHOe |
YAJIHHeHHe |
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nepe- |
Koun;epTOB, |
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onycKaHIDI |
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n;eHTpa OKPY)KHOCTH. |
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B03JJ;YXOllPMBOJJ;HhII1: KAHAJI. |
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PHCY- |
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BhIJIO)KeHHhIH H3 HecropaeMoro MaTe- |
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HOK KOTOPOH pa36HT Ha OAHHaKOBhIe |
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pHaJIa BHYTpHCTeHHhIH KaHaJI, |
'Iepe3 |
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KOTOPhIH HapY)KHhIH B03AYX nocTynaeT |
3JIeMeHThI, HanOMHHalOIn;He BepTHKaJIh- |
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HhIe pOM6hI CBOJIHHCThIMH CTOPOHaMH. |
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B03JJ;YllIHA5I JIMHM.H. lJeTKo o'lep- |
BOJIOrOJJ;CKA.H CA)I(A. |
llHrMeHT |
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BOJJ;OEMHOE 3JJ;AHME. llOcTPoHKa |
'IepHOHMaJIHpHoH KpacKH, rrOJIY'laeMhIH |
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ThIH BepxHHH KOHTYP MaCCHBa AepeBheB |
npH C)KHraHHH COCHhI, eJIH HJIH 6epe3hI. |
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PO)KHOH CTaHn;HH, BKJIIO'IalOIn;ruIl! ce6H |
B napKe. |
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BOJIOK. JJ;OIn;aThIH, GpeBeHqaThIH HJIH |
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KpynHhIH pe3epByap BO]."(hI. |
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B03JJ;YIIIHA5I |
llElJh. |
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6pYCHHOH |
nalloyc ]."(JIH |
BTaCKHBaHHH H |
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CBOJIaKHBaHHH Tj{)KeCTeH. |
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BOJJ;OllOJJ;'bEMHA5I |
llJIOTMHA. |
HhIH npH60p, B KOTOPOM ropeHHe |
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[J/I,omwta, |
peryJIHpYIOIn;ruI ypoBeHh BO- |
TOnJIHBa H pacnpOCTpaHeHHe TellJIa CTH- |
BOJIOKOBOE OKHO. 3aKphIBaeMhIH |
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MYJIHpYIOTCH ]."(orrOJIHHTeJIhHhIM |
rrpHTO- |
3aABH)KKOH |
ropH30HTaJIhHhIH |
rrpoeM, |
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BOJJ;OPA3BOPHhII1: cpOHTAH. OK- |
KOM B03]."(yxa. |
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npopy6JIeHHhIH B ]."(Byx |
6pi!Bllax, KOTO- |
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<l>OHTaHHOH'IameH BhI- |
B03JJ;YIIIHA5I |
CB5I3b. |
CBR3b (1), |
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pa3]."(a'lH |
CBOOOM. |
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BOAhI HaCeJIeHHIO. |
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BOJJ;OCJIMBHMI nrrOTMHA. [J/I,O- |
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BOJJ;OCllYCKHMI |
nrrOTMHA. |
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[J/I,omulla, |
npHcrroc06JIeHHruI K 3Ha'lH- |
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BOJIOTOBA5I KPbIIIIA. CeBepoKaB- |
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TeJIhHOH rrepe6pocKe BO]."(hI H3 npY]."(OB H |
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Ka3CKoe |
COJIOMeHHOe |
rroKphITHe c |
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Bo]."(oxpaHHJIHIn;. |
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YKJIaAKOH CHorrOB KOMeJIhKaMH BBepx. |
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-37-
B BonXOBCKASI M3BECTb - B norOH
BOJIXOBCKAH H3BECTh. Pa3HOBIl)(HOCTb H3BeCTH, rrpHro;n:Hru! ;n:mI rro;n:Bo;n:HOH KJIa;n:KH.
BOJIXOBCKHH H3BECTH5IK (=;n:H- KapHbIe CJIOH). OqeHb TBep;n:bIH KaMeHb ceporo l(BeTa, rrpHMeIDIBurnHC5I KaK 06JIHl(OBOqHbIH H ;n:eKopaTHBHbIH MaTepHaJI B <paca;n:ax MOCTOB H rH;n:pOTeXHHqeCKHX cOOPY)KeHHH, a TaK)Ke KaK HCXO;n:HbIH rrpo;n:yKT rrpM rrOJIyqeHHH m;n:- paBJIHqeCKOH li.3BeCTH ;n:JI5I KJIa;n:KH CTeH rro;n: BO;n:OH H B CbIpbIX MeCTax.
BOJILIHH 3YE. OpHaMeHTOBKa Ka-
%"'AT&'T&'f!~"f
• tdl:llllt:J!~i_W~~
BOJILIHH CKOK. OTBepcme B )KH-
BOH H3ropo;n:H rrapKa, OTKpbIBaJOIl(ee
HeO)KH;n:aHHYIO BH;n:OByIO rrepcrreKTHBY
(CM ... Ax-ax).
BOJILIhH 51Mhl. Y cTPoeHHru! B TBep- ;n:OM rpYHTe rrepe;n: 060pOH5IeMOH rr03H- l(HeH CHCTeMa H3 qeTbIpex-II5ITH P5l;n:OB 3aMacKHpoBaHHbIX rJIy60KHx 51M B IIIaxMaTHOM rropSI;n:Ke, HMeBIIIHX BH)]; orrpoKHHYToro yceqeHHOrO KOHyca (MaKcHMaJIbHbIH ;n:HaMeTp - OT 6 ;n:o 7 <PYTOB,
rJIy6HHa - OT 6;n:0 7 <PYTOB) C3aocTpeHHbIM KBepxy KOJIOM B l(eHTpe; rrpe;n:Ha3HaqaJIaCb ;n:JI5I 3aIl(HTbI OT KOHHMl(bI rrpoTHBHHKa.
BOJIhEP (=BOJIbepa). PacrrOJIO)KeHHru! B ca;n:y OqeHb KpYIIHa51 KJIeTKa ;n:JI5I MHOrOqHCJIeHHbIX H pa3Ho06pa3HbIx rrTHl(.
BOJIIOTA. ,o:eKopaTHBHbIH 3JIeMeHT B
BH)];e CrrHpaJIbHOrO 3aBHTKa.
BOP. 3a60p (1), orpa)];a H3 )Kep;n:eH.
BOPBOPKA (=BapBopKa, <papa<popKa). KHCTOqKa, MaXpOBa51 HJIH IIIapoBH)];Ha51 rrO)];BeCKa Y naHUKaOUJla, a TaK)Ke 30JIOTOH, cepe6p5lHbIH, IIIeJIKOBbIH, IIIepCT5IHOH, HHT5IHOH C l(BeTHbIMH KaMeIIIKaMH IfJIH )KeMqY)KHbIH IIIapHK Ha IIIHypKe JIH60 TeCbMe.
BOPOEHHA. 1 )KeJIe3HbIH KpIOK B
COJIeBapHe, K KOTOPOMY rro;n:BeIIIeH
'lpeH. 2 ,o:JIHHHa51 oocKa (1) TOJIIl(HHOH
OKOJIO ;n:ByX BepIIIKOB.
BOPOK. CKOTHbIH )];BOp.
BOPOH. KpOHutmeuH.
BOPOHEQ. 1 rpRoa (1, 2). 2 Mamu- l1a (1).
B OTXBAT. BH;n: KAaoKu, rrpH KOTOPOM paCTBOp He pa3paBHHBaIOT rro rrOBepxHOCTH KHprr~a, a Ha6paCbIBaIOT, He ;n:OBO;n:SI )];0 JIHl(eBoro Kpa5l, B paCqeTe Ha JIyqIIIee Cl(eIIJIeHHe C 06JIHl(OBOqHOH IIITYKaTypKoH.
BOY. PO)];OBru! 60eBaSI 6autHR (1) y MHrYIIIeH.
BO <l>PH3. IIOJIbI, COCTaBJIeHHbIe H3 OOCOK (1) TOJIIl(HHOH B 2,5 ;n:IOHMa, KOTOpble rrorrapHo CKJIeeHbI Y3KHMM )];JIHHHbIMH cTopoHaMH H CB5I3aHbI CT5I)KKaMH, a C ;n:pymMH ;n:OCKaMH coe;n:HIDIIOTC5I utnOHKaMU.
B OXJIYII. BapMaHT py6KH CTeH B 06AO, rrpH KOTOPOM 'lauta y KOHl(OB 6pe8eH 06paIl(eHa He BBepx, a BHM3.
BOPOHKA. |
PacIIIHpeHHa51 |
BepxH5ISI |
B |
OXP5IIIKY. BapHaHT py6KH CTeH C |
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ocmamKOM, |
xapaKTepH3YIOIl(HHC5I BbI- |
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qaCTb BO;n:OCTOqHOH Tpy6bI. |
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py6KOH 'laut CrrJIOCKMMH )];HOM H CTeHKa- |
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BOPOTA 0 TPEX IIIHTAX. BopoTa C |
MH, rrpHToM KaK cBepxy 6pe8eH, TaK H |
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CHH3y. |
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)];ByMSI KaJIHTKaMH . |
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BOPOTHJIO. X060m. |
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BOIIIAHHQA. QepKoBHblH rro;n:CBeq- |
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HHK. |
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BOPOTHA5I |
EAllH5I. KperrocTHa51 |
B |
IIA3. |
KOHCTPYKl(H5I ;n:epeBSIHHbIX |
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HJIll MOHacTbIpCKa51 6autHR co CKB03HbIM |
CTeH H3 ropH30HTaJIbHbIX 6pe8eH, BCTaB- |
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rrpOe3)];OM. |
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JIeHHbIX KOHl(aMH B BepTHKaJIbHbIe rra3bI |
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BOCKJIOHEHHE. 1 CrraJIbIDI. 2 CTOJIOBaSI. 3 JIo)Ke, rrOCTeJIb. 4 H3rOJIOBbe.
BOCIIOKOHIIIE. KJIa)];6HIl(e.
BOCXO,o:. CTyrreHb JIeCTHHl(bI.
BOCXO,o:HHQA. 06JIaqaJIbHbIH aM80H (2), YCTaHOBJIeHHbIH B l(epKOBHOM 3)];aHHH ;n:JISI apxHepeHcKoro rrOCBSIIl(e- HHSI ()];JI5I rraTpHapxa OH )];OJI)KeH HMeTb 12 cTyrreHeH, ;n:JI5I MHTpOrrOJIHTa - 8, ;n:JISI apxHerrHcKorra - 6, ;n:JI5I errapXHaJIbHorO apxHepeSI - 4).
BOCXO,o:HhIH CBO,o:. Kop0608blU HJIH l(HpKyJIbHbIH C800 C HaKJIOHHbIMM rrapaJIJIeJIbHbIMH nRmaMU.
BOChMEPHK. BocbMHrpaHHbIH apxHTeKTypHbIH 06'beM.
BOChMEPHK HA LIETBEPHKE. KOMrr03Hl(HOHHbIH rrpHeM B03Be)];eHHSI BocbMHrpaHHoro 06'beMaHa qeTbIpexrpaHHoM.
BOChMHKOHELIHhIH IIPABO-
CJIABHhIH KPECT. KpecT, CXO)];HbIH
C uteCmUlC01te'lHbiM rrpaBOCJIaBHbIM, HO MMeIOIl(HH, KpoMe Toro, HeMHoro HH)Ke
BepxHero KOHl(a KOPOTKYIO ropH30HTaJIbHYIO rrOrrepeqHHY'rro IIIHpHHe 6m13KyIO HH)KHeH HaKJIOHHOH JIHHHH.
BOChMHJIOTKOBhIH CBO,o:. IIepe-
KpbITHe BocbMHrpaHHoro 06'beMaCMbI-
KaIOIl(HMHCSI AOmKaMU (1).
CTOJI60B; 06blqHO BCTPeqaeTC5I B X03SIHCTBeHHbIX coopY)KeHH5IX HJIH rrpHCTPOHKax K OCHOBHOMY cpy6y, HarrpHMep, B ceHRX rrpH ua6e (1).
BIIAJIA5I KOJIOHHA. [JOAYKOAOHHa, He BblcryrraIOIl(ru! 3a rrOBepXHOCTb CTeHbI.
BIIEPEEE)KKY. Pa3MeIl(eHHe O;n:HOPO;n:HbIX 3JIeMeHTOB ropH30HTaJIbHbIMH p5l;n:aMH, rrpH KOTOPOM rrpOCBeTbI Me)KJl:y 3JIeMeHTaMH B O;n:HOM pSI;n:y pacrrOJIaraIOTC5I rro OC5IM TaKHX )Ke 3JIeMeHTOB coce;n:Hero p5l;n:a.
B IIEPEIIJIET. IIepeKpbITHe rrOMeIl(e-
HHSI B3aHMHO rreprreH;n:HKyJISIpHbIMH, OrrHpaIOIl(HMHC5I )];pyr Ha ;n:pyra 6aJIKa-
MH, ;n:JIHHa KOTOPbIX MeHbIIIe paCCTO-
B IIEPEIIJIETE IIOTOJIOK. CepAUO
nomOAOK.
B IIOrOH. BapHaHT py6KM CTeH C ocmamKOM, xapaKTepH3YIOIl(HHCSI BbI-
-38-
B |
B nOA60P - BPEMEHHblE YKPEnnEHIUI |
39 |
py6KOH Herny60I{HX OKpyrJIbIX 'taUl |
CMbIKaIOIqHXCg CKOCOM no;o; yrJIOM B 135° |
KaK cBepxy, TaK H CHH3Y 6pe6Ha; npH |
K npocmynu HHX<HeH cTyneHH H noocmy- |
3TOM npocBeTbI Me:lK,ll;y OCHOBHbIMH |
neHKY BepxHeH. |
6peBHaMH 3anOJIHSI1OTCg 60JIee TOHKH~ |
B IIPI1ThftIKY. BUHOa6a. |
MR, co Bpe3KoH HX KOH~OB B MaCCHB |
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OCHOBHbIX 6peBeH. |
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JISIIOT '1eTbIpe KBa;o;paTa. 2 Cnoc06
OKJIeHKH CTeH 060SIMH, npH KOTOPOM
SIpKHe (06bI'lHOo;O;Ho~eTHbIe) nOJIOCbI
oKpY:lKalOT naHHO.
B IIOABOP. B03Be;o;eHHe CTeH H3 Bep-
THKaJIhHbIX 6pycbe6 H 6pe6eH.
B IIOAB5I3KY (=B npHBg3KY). Cnoc06 YCTPoHcTBa COJIOMeHHOH KPOBJIH 6e3 npIDKHMHbIX :lKep;o;eH.
BIIOJIAEPEBA. Coe;o;HHeHHe ;o;Byx 6pe6eH HJIH 6pycbe6 nOT( npgMbIM yrnoM nyTeM BbIpy6KH ycrynOB ;0;0 cepe;O;HHbI
6pe6Ha JIH60 6pyca (1).
BIIPOrAPh. TOHKaSI K.IIaOKa ne'lHH3 KHpTIH'Ia, 06paIqeHHOrO nOCme.llblO Ha JI~eBylO CTOPOHY (cp.: B 'tem6epmb Kupnu'ta).
BIIPOCA,[(h. PaBHoMepHaSI noca;O;Ka ;o;epeBbeB no npSIMbIM JIHHHSIM HJlH B;o;OJIb ;o;opom.
B IIP5IMYIO KOP3HHKY. Pa36HBKa
KBa;o;paTHOro napKeTHoro IqHTa Ha
60JIee MeJIKHe KBa;o;paTbI (HanpHMep, no
'1eTbIpeC Ka:lK,ll;OH CTOpOHbI).
B IIOJIKHPIHfqA. B03Be;o;eHHe CTe-
HhI H3 KHpnWleH B O;o;HH BepTHKaJIb-
HbIH CJIOH, C JIH~eBbIMH cTopoHaMH H3
O;o;HHX TOJIbKO ./to3ICK06.
B IIOJIYJIAIIY. Coe;O;HHeHHe 6pycbe6 IIO;o; rynblM yrJIOM 6e3 BbIXo;o;a KOH~OB 3a IIJIOCKOCTb CTeHbI.
xpaM, MOHa-
BPA3BE)I(KY. Cnoco6 yKJIa;o;KH TecoBbIX Kp06e.llb B ;O;Ba HeIIJIOTHbIX CJIOSI: TeCHHbI HHX<HerO pSI;o;a pacnOJIaralOTCH C npoMe:lKYTKaMH, KOTopbIe cBepxy 3aKpbIBaIOTC5} OOCKaMU (1) CJIe):lYIOIqerO
pSI;o;a.
~???ni?:i
B IIOTEMOK. Py6Ka C ocmamKOM, |
BPA3HOIIA3. Pa3HoBH;O;HOCTb py6KI1 |
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npH KOTOPOH coce;O;HHe 6pe6Ha COe;O;HHg- |
CTeH C ocmamKOM, npH KOTOPOH '1epe- |
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IOTCg B 'taUle IIIHTIOM, HeBH;o;HMblM CHa- |
;o;YIOTCH 6pe6Ha 6e3 'taUl H |
6peBHa |
C BPE3HA5I |
II5ITA. |
BKJIIO'IeHHbI"H B |
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PY:lKH· |
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nOJIYKpyrJIblMH '1amaMHKaK |
Ha Bepx- |
K.IIaOKY KJIHH'laTbIHKaMeHb JIH60 KHP- |
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TIH'I,Ha KOTOPbIH onHpaeTCg apKa. |
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B IIPHB5I3KY. B noo6R3KY. |
HeH, TaK H Ha HHX<HeH CTOPOHax. |
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B IIPHCEK. Cnoc06 B03Be;o;eHHjJ: CTeH |
B PAKOBHHY. T-06pa3Hoe coe;O;HHe- |
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HHe 6pycbe6 C IIOMOIqbIO TPane~eBH;o; |
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H3 roPH30HTaJIbHbIX 6pe6eH, 6JIH3KHH |
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HOHBpy6KH. |
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py6Ke 6 06.110, HO COCTaBJIeHHeM B 'taUle |
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HeBbIpy6JIeHHOrO |
3y6a'(npSIMoyrOJIb- |
B PAMKY. 1 Ksa;o;paTHbIH |
3JIeMeHT |
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Horo BbIcryna), KOTOPbIH npeTISlTcTByeT |
U{um06020 napKema, pa3):1eJIeHHbIH |
Ha |
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C;o;BHry 6peBeH B 6eHl¥lX. |
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'1eTbIpe |
OKaHTOBaHHbIX |
KBa;o;paTa, |
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BIIPHThIK. Y CTPOHCTBO JIeCTHH~bI H3 |
Ka:lK,ll;bIH |
H3 KOTOPbIX TaK:lKe COCTaB- |
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KaMeHHbIX HJlH |
6eTOHHbIX cTyneHeH, |
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BPE3HA5I |
CTYIIEHh (=BCTaBHaSI |
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cTyneHb). |
CryneHb, |
BCTaBJIeHHaSI |
B |
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na3bI Ha memu6ax. |
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BPE3hI. KaHHe.lllOpbt. |
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BPEMEHHhIE YKPEIIJIEHH5I. He- |
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;O;OJIrOBe'IHble 060pOHHTeJIbHbie |
CO- |
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-39-
B BPEHTvr - B WECTHVrOnbHHK
opY)KeHIDI H3 3eMnH, AepeBa HJIH MeTaJIJIa.
BPEHTYr (=BpeTHIu;e, BpeTyra).
3aBeca, pa3AemnoIIl;ruI CTaP006pHAqeC-
KylO MOJIeJIhHIO Ha ABe nOJIOBHHhI.
B P5I.IK. B pe:JIC.
BCEBMA5ImEE OKO. CHMBOJI XPH-
CTHaHCKoro 60)KeCTBa, HMelOIu;HR BHA
TPeyrOJIhHHKa, OT KOToporo paCXOAHTCH
JIyqH.
BCETIPMMMHMUA. fOCTHHHu;a, 3ae3- :JICUU a60p.
BCKAT. llOJIOrHR nOMOCT AnH BKaThIBaHHH 60qeK, 6pe6e1l H T.n.
B CKOEEJIb. Bpe6fta, 6pyCbJl HJIH aocKu (1) CqHCTO oCTPyraHHoH JIHu;eBOH nOBepxHocThlO.
B CKOBOPOAEHb. T-06pa3Hoe KpenneHHe 6pycbe6 C rrOMOIIJ;hlO TPaneIJ;H- eBHAHoro BhlcTyrra, paCrnHpHIOIIJ;erOCH K KOHU;y OAHoro 6pyca H nJIOTHO rroAomaHHoro rrOA ZHe3aa (1) TOR)Ke q:,OpMhI Ha APyroM 6pyce.
B COK. K.naoKa Ha rYCTOM pacm60pe C 3aJIHBKOR )KHAKOR H3BeCThlO rrpOMe)KYTKOB, 3anOJIHeHHhiX 6HThIM KHpnHqOM, IIJ;e6HeM H T.rr.
BCllAPYIIIEHHbIH CBOA. Kpecmo6blU C600, Y KOTOPOro u;eHTpaJIhHruI qaCTh 3aMeTHO nOAHHTa Ha)l; 60KOBhIMH.
B CllMPAJIb. BhIKnaAKa c600a rro OAHHaKOBO HanpaBneHHhIM paBHhIM AyraM, paCXO)l;HIIJ;HMCH OT u;eHTpa (cp.:
BUXpe6aJl p03emKa).
BCllOJIOIIIHOH KOJIOKOJI (=Ha-
6aTHhIH KOJIOKOJI, nepenOJIOrnHhIH
KonOKon, OCa)l;HhIH KOJIOKon). KOJIO-
KOJI, B KOTOPhIH 3BOHHJIH, KOr)l;a )KHTe-
JIHM yrpo)KaJIa onaCHOCTh (HarnecTBHe
BparOB, MHTe)K, nO)Kap).
BCllOP. 1 llOTOJIOK. 2 lloAnopa.
BCTABEHb (=CTaBeHh). 3HMHHH
OKOHHhIH rrepeIIJIeT.
BCTABHA5I PEHKA. PeHKa Tparre- u;neBHAHoro CeqeHIDI, BCTaBJIHeMruI B OOCKY (1) B)l;OJIh ee OCHOBHOH nOBepxHoCTH, qTo6hl nOMernaTh Kopo6JIeHHIO, 3aKphITh IIJ;eJIH H T.)l;.
BCfABHA5I CTYTIEHb. Bpe31WJl
cmyneHb.
BCTABHOH IIIMll. CoeAHHHTeJIhHruI rrpHMoyrOJIhHaH BCTaBKa B 06paIIJ;eHHhIe Apyr K )l;pyry ZHe30a (1) Ha )l;JIHHHhIX cTopoHax rrapaJIJIeJIhHO CnJIaqHBaeMhlX
6pe6eH HJIH 6pycbe6.
B CfAMMK. KOHCTpYKu;IDI AepeBHHHhIX orpa~eHHH H3 rrJIOTHO nOCTaBJIeHHhIX BepTHKaJIhHhIX OOCOK (1), 6pe6eH
HJIH 6pycbe6.
B CfOJIE. KOHCTPYKu;IDI )l;epeBHHHhlx orpaYAJ\eHHH, COCTOHIIJ;ruI H3 ropH30HTaJIhHhIX OOCOK (1), BCTaBJIeHHhIX TOP- u;aMH B BepTlIKaJIhHhle na3hI CTOJI6oB.
BCfPE"llHbIE KAHHEJIIOPbl. llapaJIJIeJIhHhle BepTHKaJIhHhle :JICe.no6Ku
Ha CTBOJIe KO.nOHHbt HJIH nU.flJlCmpbt, pa3AeJIeHHhle B HH)KHeH qaCTH rrepe-
ropOAKOH Ha 60JIee Y3KHe JIH60 3arrOJIHeHHhle Ha TY )Ke BhICOTY 6a.nuKa.MU (1) C oKpyrnhlM BepxoM (CM.
BK.naObtUlu) .
BCXOA. 1 llOMOCT. 2 JIo61loe .Mecmo.
3 CTyneHH Ha a.M601l (3).
BCXOAHMUA. 1 Bcxoo. 2 BblUlKa (2).
BCXOAH5I. 3aMeHHIOIIJ;ruI JIeCTHHU;y aocKa (1) CHa6HThIMH rrorrepeK 6pycoqKaMH BMeCTO cTyrreHeK (cp.: r6apOUJl,
.na3HJl).
BTOPOM CBET. BTOPOR OT rrOJIa pSiA rrpoeMOB B rrOMeIIJ;eHHH.
BHHHhIX CTeH, npH KOTOPOM npoMe- )KJTKH Me~y cToJI6aMH 3anOJIHeHhI BepTHKanhHhIMH OOCKa.MU (1), C rrOCJIe-
AylOIIJ;HM 3aKpenJIeHHeM HX rrOnepeqHhlMH )KepAHMH.
BTYJIKA. 06HThIH BOHJIOKOM HJIH CYKHOM AepeBSlHHhIH IIJ;HT, 3aKphIBaBrnHH OKHO H3HYTPH rro BceH ero rrJIOIIJ;aAH (HarrpHMep, Ha HOqh HJIH )l;JISI coxpaHeHHH TerrJIa B nOMeIIJ;eHHH).
BYJIKAHOJIb. BhICOKorrpOqHhIe KaMHH )l;JIH MOCTOBhIX, HMelOIIJ;He BH)l; KpyrrHhlx nnHT H3 npeCCOBaHHOH CMeCH rrOJIeBOrO rnrraTa.
40
B YC. COeAHHeHHe aocoK (1) HJIH 6pycK06 KOHu;aMH, cpe3aHHhIMH nOA 45".
BYTbI. YTOJIIIJ;eHIDI nJIHT HJIH 6aJIOK B )KeJIe306eTOHHhIX KOHCTPYKU;HHX, rrOBhIrnalOIIJ;He conpOTHBJIeHHe H3rH6alOIu;HM HarpY3KaM.
BXOA5ImVl n YfOJI (B YKpeIDIeHHHX C JIOMaHhIM JI.I.IHOM). YroJI C BeprnHHoH, 06paIIJ;eHHOH K 060POillllOIIJ;HMCH.
B "llAIIIY, B "llAIIIKY. B o6.no.
B "llETBEPTb. Cnoco6 HaCTHJIKH noTOJIKa B KpecThHHcKOH H36e, C HaKaTOM H3 rrpOAOJIhHhIX nOJIOBHH 6pe6eH (n.nacmUIl), nJIOTHrui nO)l;roHKa KOTOphIX )l;OCrnraJIaCh C nOMOIIJ;hlO BhIeMKH npHMoyrOJIhHOrO CeqeHIDI no )l;JIHHHOMY KpalO.
B "llETBEPTb AEPEBA. 1 llepeKpeCTHoe CrrJIaQHBaHHe 6pycbe6 (1), B Ka~OM H3 KOTOPhIX AeJIaeTCSI np»:MoyrOJIhHruI BhleMKa rnHpHHoH B 6pyc, He )l;OCTHralOIIJ;aSl B rny6HHy ero cepeAHHhI. 2 llapaJIneJIhHOe CnJIaqHBaHHe 6pycbe6 (1), nAaCmUH H T.A. C rrOMOIIJ;hlO npo- )l;OJIhHhIX 6pycheB H BhIeMOK, HMelOIIJ;HX B CeqeHHH paBHhle npHMhIe oTpe3KH.
B "llETBEPTb KMPllM"llA. B03Be)l;e- HHe TOHKOH CTeHKH H3 KHpn~eH, rrOCTaBJIeHHhIX Ha y3KylO rpaHh H o6paIIJ;eHHhIX nocme.nblO Ha JIHu;eBylO CTOpOHy (cp.: BnpozaPb).
B "llEIIIYIO. KPOBJISI H3 O):lHHaKOBhIX 3JIeMeHTOB, BhlcTyrralOIIJ;HX O)l;HH H3-rrO)l; APyroro rrOJIYKpyrJIhIM KpaeM .
B IIIAll. B .nany.
B IIIAXMAT. Pa3)l;eJIKa nOBepxHocTH
qepeAYIOIIJ;HMHCH CBeTJIhIMH H TeMHhIMH
B IIIECTMYfOJIbHMK. Py6Ka C ocmamKO.M H3 rnecTHrpaHHhlx 6pycbe6 (1).
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