3.Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

1. внешняя угроза

2. согласно которой ее задачи сводятся к следующему

3. озоновая дыра

4. генная терапия

5. заболевания сердца

6. затраты на здравоохранение и социальную сферу

7. среди этнических меньшинств

8. полный ряд медицинских услуг

9. независимо от доходов

10. люди с физическими и умственными недостатками

4. Найдите в тексте слова, имеющие общий корень с данными словами. Определите, к какой части речи они относятся, обозначьте словообразовательную морфему (приставка, корень, суффикс) либо дополнительный корень при словосложении и переведите слова на русский язык:

1. pass

2. normal

3. conduct

4. depend

5. person

6. able

7. treat

8. govern

9. reduce

10. achieve

5. Задайте к подчеркнутому в тексте предложению все типы вопросов (общий, альтернативный, разделительный, специальный: а) к подлежащему, б) к второстепенному члену предложения).

6. Выполните анализ данных предложений, обратив внимание на следующие грамматические явления: числительные, времена групп Continuous и Perfect активного и пассивного залога; согласование времен; функции глаголов to be, to have; усилительные конструкции, неопределенные местоимения some, any, no и их производные:

1. Further notable contributions over the past 20 years have been made by Brian Josephson in superconductivity (abnormally high electrical conductivity at low temperatures); Anthony Hewish in radio-astrophysics and many other scientists.

2. The world's first pig with a genetically modified heart has been bred by scientists at Cambridge University, an important milestone in breeding animals as organ donors for people.

3. Nobel Prizes for science have been won by 70 British citizens, more than any other country except the USA.

4. In recognition of the changed European security situation, Britain's armed forces are being restructured in consultation with other NATO allies.

5. The strength of the regular armed forces, all volunteers, was nearly 271,000 in mid-1993 — 133,000 in the Army, 79,300 in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and 58,500 in the Royal Navy and Royal Marines.

7. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:

1. What are the main military roles of British forces?

2. What concept does Britain as a member of NATO support?

3. Is Britain the first in Nobel Prizes for science?

4. What is the fundamental contribution to modern molecular genetics?

5. What pioneering work was done during the 1980s?

6. What does the NHS provide?

7. Who is directly responsible for the National Health Service?

8. Составьте аннотацию к тексту (2 – 3 предложения).

9. Составьте реферат текста (10 – 15 предложений).

10. Составьте план текста и перескажите текст.

Вариант 10

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

BRITAIN TODAY

OVERSEAS RELATIONS. Britain is a member of some 120 international organizations, including the UN, NATO and the EC. Closer co-operation be­tween member states of the EC is the central aim of the Maas­tricht Treaty on European Union, which was ratified by Britain in August 1993. Britain plays an active part in maintaining interna­tional peace and security and is fully involved, for example, in efforts to bring about peace in former Yugoslavia. Britain also protects the interests of its dependent territories, which include Hong Kong, the Falkland Islands and Gibraltar.

The Foreign & Commonwealth Office is in charge of overall foreign policy. Work overseas is carried out by Diplomatic Service staff, staff from other government departments and locally en­gaged personnel.

Britain remains committed to maintaining a world-wide dip­lomatic presence. There are British embassies and high commis­sions in 140 countries and missions at nine international organi­zations.

Other government departments, too, are concerned with overseas relations and foreign policy. The Ministry of Defence is responsible for British defence policy and for liaison with Britain's allies and NATO; it also controls and administers the armed forces. The Department of Trade and Industry has an important say on international trade policy and commercial relations with other countries, including other EC member states. The Treasure is involved in British international economic policy and is respon­sible for Britain's relations with the World Bank and other inter­national financial institutions.

The British Council is the main agency for British cultural relations overseas and is represented in 100 countries. Its activi­ties are:

helping people to study, train or make professional con­tacts in Britain;

enabling British specialists to teach, advise or establish joint projects abroad;

teaching English and promoting its use;

providing library and information services;

promoting British education, science and technology; and

making British arts and literature more widely known.

The Council runs 143 libraries and information centres and 72 English language teaching centres. In 1991-92 nearly 8.5 million loans of books and other materials were made to 500,000 library members. Up to 80,000 students at any one time were taking part in the Council's English courses.

Britain is a member of the UN and one of the five permanent members of the Security Council along with France, the People's Republic of China, Russia and the USA. It is the sixth largest contributor to the UN budget. Britain is fully committed to the principles of the UN Charter and believes that all member states should ensure that the organization maintains peace, assists de­veloping countries effectively and protects human rights and fun­damental freedoms.

Britain is an active and committed member of the European Community.Britain is represented at each meeting of the EC Council of Ministers, which is the Community's main decision-taking body. Each Council consists of government ministers from the 12 member states, representing national interests in the sub­jects under discussion — for example, trade, agriculture or trans­port. Each member state has a permanent representative at Community headquarters in Brussels.

Membership of NATO is the keystone of British defence pol­icy. Britain is also one of the nine members of the Western Euro­pean Union, which is the forum for co-operation and consultation defence issues for NATO's European members. The current mem­bership is Belgium, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain. It is being widened to include Greece as the tenth full member. Iceland, Norway and Turkey are becoming associate members and Denmark and the Irish Republic observer members.

Britain is a founding member of the Council of Europe, which is open to any European parliamentary democracy accepting the rule of law and the protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms. The member states co-operate on culture, education, health, crime and drug prevention, youth affairs, sport and the improvement of the environment. In 1950 the Council adopted its European Convention of Human Rights.

There are 50 members of the Commonwealth, including Brit­ain. It is voluntary association of states, nearly all of which were British territories to which independence was granted. The mem­bers are Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Botswana, Britain, Brunei, Canada, Cyprus, Dominica, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaika, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Namibia, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Saint Christo­pher and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Western Samoa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Nauru and Tuvalu are special members, entitled to take part in all Commonwealth meetings and activities, with the exception of Commonwealth Heads of Government meetings.

Consultation between member states takes place through: meetings of heads of government; specialized conferences of other ministers and officials; diplomatic representatives known as high commissioners; and non-governmental organizations.

The Queen is recognized as head of the Commonwealth and is head of state in some member countries.

Britain is member of many other international bodies, includ­ing the International Monetary Fund, which regulates the inter­national financial system and provides a source of credit for mem­ber countries facing balance of payments difficulties.

In addition, Britain, along with 23 other industrialized coun­tries, belongs to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, which promotes economic growth, helps less devel­oped countries and encourages world-wide trade expansion.

Britain's dependent territories have a combined population of about 6 million, of whom 5.8 million live in Hong Kong. Most territories have considerable self-government, with their own leg­islature. Britain is generally responsible for defence, security, external affairs, the civil service and the judiciary. The territories are: Anguilla; Bermuda; British Antarctic Territory; British Indian Ocean Territory; British Virgin Islands; Cayman Islands; Falkland Islands; Gibraltar; Hong Kong; Montserrat; Pitcairn, Ducie, Henderson and Oeno; St Helena- and St Helena Dependencies (Ascension and Tristan da Cunha); South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; Turks and Caicos Islands.

Few are rich in natural resources, and some are scattered groups of islands. There are no permanent inhabitants in the British Antarctic territory, British Indian Ocean territory on South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.

Britain's policy is to help the inhabitants of the dependent territories to take independence if they want it and where it is practicable to do so. The reasonable needs of the dependent terri­tories are the first call on the British aid programme.

In 1984 an agreement was signed between Britain and China on the future of Hong Kong, 92% of which is leased from China until 1997. Under the Sino-British Joint Declaration, which was ratified by the two governments in 1985, Britain is responsible for the administration of Hong Kong until 30 June 1997. Hong Kong will then become a special Administrative Region (SAR) of China, but its capitalist system and lifestyle will remain unchanged for at least 50 years. With the exception of foreign affairs and defence, the Hong Kong SAR will enjoy a high degree of autonomy and its government and legislature will be composed of Hong Kong people.

2.Переведите на русский язык следующие английские словосочетания:

1. to have an important say

2. Diplomatic Service staff

3. main decision-taking body

4. the keystone of British defence pol­icy

5. observer members

6. European Convention of Human Rights

7. entitled to take part in all meetings and activities

8. high commissioners

9. the International Monetary Fund

10. the first call on the British aid programme

3.Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:

1. наладить мирные отношения

2. международные отношения

3. вооруженные силы

4. министерство торговли и промышленности

5. международная торговая политика и коммерческие связи

6. совет безопасности

7. человеческие права и свободы

8. европейское сообщество

9. имеющие трудности с выплатами

10. способствует расширению мировой торговли

4.Найдите в тексте слова, имеющие общий корень с данными словами. Определите, к какой части речи они относятся, обозначьте словообразовательную морфему (приставка, корень, суффикс) либо дополнительный корень при словосложении и переведите слова на русский язык:

1. nation

2. contribute

3. free

4. practice

5. reason

6. depend

7. agree

8. member

9. except

10. industry