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Файл:История английского языка в таблицах (На английском языке). Учебное пособие
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Infinitive
Present
Past
Participle
II
Ablaut
pattern
(class of
strong
verbs)
Modern
English
forms
Singular
Plural
durran
dear(r)
durron
dorste
–
3
dare /
durst
þurfan
þearf
þurfon
þorfte
– 3
unnan
ann
unnon
ūðe
unnen
3
munan
man
munen
munde
munen
4
sculan
sceal
sculon
sceolde
–
4
shall /
should
*–
ʒeneah
ʒenuʒon
ʒenuʒe
–
5
enough
maʒan
mæʒ
maʒon
meahte
–
5
may /
might
*–
mōt
mōton
mōste
–
6
must
* (infinitive was not registered)
131
CLASS I
āʒan (have)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 āʒ āhte
2 āhst āʒe āhtest āhte
3 āʒ āhte
Plural āʒon āʒen āhton āhtеn
Participles: II āʒen
witan (know)
Present
Indicative Subjunctive Imperative
Singular 1 wāt -
2 wast wite wite
3 wāt -
Plural witon 2 witen witaþ
Past
Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 wisse, wiste
2 wissest, wistest wisse, wiste
3 wisse, wiste
Plural wisson, wiston wissen, wisten
Participles: I witende, II witen, ʒewiten
Negative particle ne coalesces with verb forms:
ne wāt = nāt, ne wisse = nysse
CLASS II
dū
ʒ
an (to prosper, be of worth)
Present
Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 dēaʒ
2 - duʒe
3 dēaʒ
Plural duʒon duʒen
72
Participles: I duʒende
73
CLASS III
cunnan (know, can)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 cann cūþe
2 canst cunne cūþest cūþe
3 cann cūþe
Plural cunnon cunnen cūþon cūþen
Participles: II cunnen, cūþ
durran (dare)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 dear dorste
2 dearst durre dorstest dorste
3 dear dorste
Plural durron durren dorston dorsten
þurfan (need)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 þearf þorfte
2 þearft þurfe þorftest þorfte
3 þearf þorfte
Plural þurfon þurfen þorfton þorften
Participles: þearfende
unnan (grant, to give, to do a favour)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 ann ūþe
2 unne ūþest ūþe
3 ann ūþe
Plural unnon unnen ūþon ūþen
Participles: II unnen
74
CLASS IV
munan (remember)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 man munde
2 manst mune mundest munde
3 man munde
Plural munon munen mundon
Participles: I munden, munende
sculan (shall)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 sceal sceolde
2 scealt scule sceoldost sceolde
3 sceall sceolde
Plural sculon sceoldon sceolden
CLASS V
*(can, may, to be allowed, to have the possibility)
(the infinitive was not registered)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 mōt mōste
2 mōst mōte mōstest mōste
3 mōt mōste
Plural mōton mōten mōston mōsten
75
IRREGULAR
maʒan (may)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Indicative Subjunctive
Singular 1 mæʒ meahte (mihte)
2 meaht mæʒe meahtest mihte, mihten
(mihtest)
3 mæʒ meahte
(mihton)
Plural maʒon mæʒen meahton
Participles: I maʒende
* (be enough)
(the infinitive was not registered)
Present Past
Indicative Indicative
Singular 3 ʒeneah ʒenuʒe, ʒenohte
Plural ʒenuʒon ʒenuʒon
76
OLD ENGLISH ANOMALOUS VERBS
dōn (to do)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Imperative ¦ Indicative Subjunctive
Singular
1 dō ¦ dyde
2 dēst dō dō ¦ dydest dyde
3 dēþ ¦ dyde
Plural
dōþ dōn 2 dōþ ¦ dydon dyden
Participles: I dōnde, II ʒedōn
willan (will)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive ¦ Indicative Subjunctive
Singular
1 wille ¦ wolde
2 wilt wille ¦ woldest wolde
3 wile ¦ wolde
Plural
willaþ willen ¦ woldon wolden
Participle I willende
Negative particle ne coalesces with verb forms:
ne wille=nylle, nelle; ne wolde = nolde.
77
OLD ENGLISH SUPPLETIVE VERBS
wesan (be)
has got only the Present tense forms, uses the verb bēon in the Past.
Present
Indicative Subjunctive Imperative
Singular 1 eom
2 eart sīe, sý, sī, wes,
3 is
Plural sind sīen, sýn 2 wesaþ
bēon (be)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Imperative ¦ Indicative Subjunctive
Singular
1. bēo ¦wæs
2 bist bēo bēo ¦wære wære
3 biþ ¦wæs
Plural
bēoþ bēon 2 bēoþ ¦ wæron wæren
Participle I: bēonde (being)
Negative particle ne coalesces with verb forms:
ne is=nis, ne wæs = næs, ne wæron = næron
ʒān (go)
Present Past
Indicative Subjunctive Imperative ¦ Indicative Subjunctive
Singular
1 ʒā ¦ ēode
2 ʒǽst ʒā ʒā ¦ ēodest ēode
3 ʒǽþ ¦ ēode
Plural
ʒāþ 2 ʒān ʒāþ ¦ ēodon ēoden
78
Participles: I ʒānde, ʒanʒende II ʒeʒān
79
PREFIXES
ā-
out of, from
ārīsan (arise)
be-
over, around, by
beþencan (think over)
for-
destruction or loss
fordōn (destroy)
mis-
negation or bad quality
mislīcian (displease)
of-
reinforce
ofslēan (kill)
on-
change or separation
onlūcan (unlock)
tō-
destruction
tōbrecan (break)
SUFFIXES
-s-
mærsian (to announce;
from mære - famous)
-læc-
nēalæcan (to approach)
-ett-
bliccettan (to sparkle)
OLD ENGLISH AFFIXATION FOR VERBS
80
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