Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:История английского языка в таблицах (На английском языке). Учебное пособие
.pdf
PREFIXES
mis–
mis– + dæd (action)
misdæd (misdeed)
un-
un- +frīþ (peace)
unfrīþ (war)
SUFFIXES
–en
ʒyden (goddess)
–nis, –nes
þrēnes (trinity)
–þ, –uþ, –oþ
trēowþ (truth)
–unʒ, –inʒ
leornunʒ (learning)
–dōm
wisdōm (wisdom)
–hād
cildhād (childhood)
–lāc
rēoflāс (robbery)
–ræden
frēondræden
(friendship)
–scipe
frēondscipe (friendship)
-estre
bæcestre (she-baker)
WORD-COMPOSITION
folc (people) + toʒa (the one who leads )
folctoʒa (leader)
hēafod (head) + mann (man)
hēafodmann (leader)
tunʒol (star) + witeʒa (scientist)
tunʒolwiteʒa (astrologist)
sæ (sea) + wudu (wood)
sæwudu (ship)
yþ (sea) + henʒest (horse)
yþhenʒest (ship)
wītena (wiseman, Gen., sg.) +
ʒemōt (meeting)
wītenaʒemōt
(council of Elders)
OLD ENGLISH WORD-FORMATION
FOR NOUNS
41
1st Person
Case
Singular
Plural
Dual
Nominative
ic
wē
wit
Genetive
mīn
ūre
uncer
Dative
mē
ūs
unc
Accusative
mec, mē
usic, ūs
uncit, unc
2nd Person
Case
Singular
Plural
Dual
Nominative
þū
ʒē
ʒit
Genetive
þīn
ēower
incer
Dative
þē
ēow
inc
Accusative
þēc, þē
ēowic, ēow
incit, inc
3rd Person
Case
Singular
Plural
Nominative
hē (m.), hēo (f.)
hit (n.)
hīe (m.) hēo (f.)
Genetive
his (m.), hire (f.)
his (n.)
hīora (m.), heora (f.)
Dative
him (m.), hire (f.)
him (n.)
him
Accusative
hine (m.), hīē (f.)
hit (n.)
hīe (m.), hīo (f.)
OLD ENGLISN PRONOUN
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
42
sē (that)
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter
Plural
Nominative
sē
sēo
þæt
þā
Genetive
þæs
þære
þæs
þāra
Dative
þæm
þære
þæm
þām
Accusative
þone
þā
þæt
þā
Instrumental
þў/þon
þære
þy/þon
-
þēs (this)
Nominative
þās/þes
þēos/þīos
þis
þās
Genetive
þisses
þisse
þisses
þissa
Dative
þissum/þeossum
þisse
þissum
þissum
Accusative
þisne, þysne
þās
þis
þās
Instrumental
þis/þys
-
þys/þis
-
Nominative
hwā
hwæt
Genetive
hwæs
hwæs
Dative
hwæm
hwæm
Accusative
hwone
hwæt
Instrumental
hwў, hwī
Definite
Indefinite
Negative
Relative
ʒehwā (every)
ʒehwilc (each)
æʒþer (either)
ælc (each)
swilc (such)
sum (some)
æniʒ (any)
nān (no)
næniʒ (none)
þe (which, that)
sē þe
(which, that)
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS
OTHER KINDS OF PRONOUNS
43
sē ylca (the same)
44
Singular
Masculine
Neuter
Feminine
Nominative
blæc (black)
blæc
blacu
Genetive
blaces
blaces
blæcre
Dative
blacum
blacum
blæcre
Accusative
blæcne
blæc
blace
Instrumental
blace
blace
-
Plural
Nominative
blace
blacu
blaca
Genetive
blacra
blacra
blacra
Dative
blacum
blacum
blacum
Accusative
blace
blacu
blaca
Singular
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter
Nominative
ēādiʒ (happy)
ēādiʒ
ēādiʒu
Genetive
ēādiʒes
ēādiʒes
ēādiʒre
Dative
ēādiʒum
ēādiʒum
ēādiʒre
Accusative
ēādiʒne
ēādiʒ
ēādiʒe
Instrumental
ēādiʒe
ēādiʒe
-
Plural
Nominative
ēādiʒe
ēādiʒu
ēādiʒa
Genetive
ēādiʒra
ēādiʒra
ēādiʒra
Dative
ēādiʒum
ēādiʒum
ēādiʒum
Accusative
ēādiʒe
ēādiʒu
ēādiʒu
OLD ENGLISH ADJECTIVE
STRONG DECLENSION
a, ō-stems
Monosyllabic
Disyllabic
45
Singular
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter
Nominative
swēte (sweet)
swēte
swētu
Genetive
swētes
swētes
swētre
Dative
swētum
swētum
swētre
Accusative
swētne
swēte
swēte
Instrumental
swēte
swēte
-
Plural
Nominative
swēte
swētu
swēta
Genetive
swētra
swētra
swētra
Dative
swētum
swētum
swētum
Accusative
swēte
swētu
swēta
Singular
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter
Nominative
nearu (narrow)
nearu
nearu
Genetive
nearwes
nearwes
nearore
Dative
nearwum
nearwum
nearore
Accusative
nearone
nearu
nearwe
Instrumental
nearwe
nearwe
Plural
Nominative
nearwe
nearu
nearwa
Genetive
nearora
nearora
nearora
Dative
nearwum
nearwum
nearwum
ja, jō-stems
wa, wō-stems
46
Accusative
nearwe
nearu
nearwa
47
Masculine
Feminine
Neuter
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
Singular
Plural
Nominative
-
-e
-u
-a - -u
Genetive
-es
-ra
-re
-ra
-es
-ra
Dative
-um
-um
-re
-um
-um
-um
Accusative
-ne
-e
-e
-a - -u
Instrumental
-e -e
Singular
Masculine
Neuter
Feminine
Nominative
blaca
blace
blace
Genetive
blacan
blacan
blacan
Dative.
blacan
blacan
blacan
Accusative
blacan
blace
blacan
Plural
Nominative
blacan
Genetive
blæcra
Dative.
blacum
Accusative
blacan
GENERAL TABLE
FOR STRONG DECLENSION
WEAK DECLENSION
48
Absolutive
Comparative
Superlative
earm (poor)
earmra
earmost
blæc (black)
blæcra
blacost
based on ABLAUT
Absolutive
Comparative
Superlative
eald (old)
ieldra
ieldest
stronʒ
strenʒra
strenʒest
lonʒ
lenʒra
lenʒest
ʒeonʒ (young)
ʒinʒra
ʒinʒest
fear (far)
fierra
fierrest/fyrrest
SUPPLETIVE FORMS
Absolutive
Comparative
Superlative
ʒōd (good)
betera (or sēlra)
betst (or sēlest)
yfel (bad)
wiersa
wierest
micel (much)
māra
māest
lytel (little)
læssa
læst
DEGREES OF COMPARISON
49
SUFFIXES
-ede
micelhēāfdede
(large-headed)
-ihte
stænihte (stony)
-iʒ
hāliʒ (holy)
-en, -in
ʒylden (golden)
-isc
Enʒlisc (English)
-sum
sibbsum (peaceful)
-feald
þrīēfeald (threefold)
-full
synnfull (sinful)
–lēās
reccelēas (reckless)
-līc
ʒodlic (pleasant)
-weard
hāmweard (homeward)
WORD-COMPOSITION
īs (ice) + ceald (cold)
īsceald (icecold)
stip (strong) + mōd (spirit, mood)
stipmōd (brave)
OLD ENGLISH WORD-FORMATION
FOR ADJECTIVES
50
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]